View source for USS Bloomer

{{short description|Gunboat of the United States Navy}}
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{{citation style|date=September 2018}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=September 2018}}
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{{Use American English|date=April 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2013}}
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|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag=[[Image:US Naval Jack 36 stars.svg|52px|Union Navy Jack]]   {{USN flag|1862}}
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|Ship launched=1856
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|Ship acquired=January 24, 1863
|Ship commissioned=January 24, 1863
|Ship fate=Sold, September 22, 1865
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|Ship displacement=130 tons
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|Ship propulsion=*[[steam engine]]
* stern wheel-propelled
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|Ship complement=49
|Ship armament=*one 32-pounder gun
* one 12-pounder rifled gun
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'''USS ''Bloomer''''' was a stern-wheel [[Steamship|steamer]] acquired by the [[Union Navy]] during the [[American Civil War]]. She was used by the Union Navy as a [[gunboat]] with orders to patrol navigable waterways of the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] to prevent the South from trading with other countries.

== Service history ==
''Bloomer''—a stern-wheel steamer built in 1856 at [[New Albany, Indiana]]—was laid up at the outbreak of the Civil War in the [[Choctawhatchee River]] in [[Alabama]], about a mile south of [[Geneva, Alabama]],  by her owner, a loyal Union man. On December 27, 1862, a joint expedition composed of officers and men of [[USS Potomac (1861)|''Potomac'']] and troops of the [[91st New York State Volunteers]], led by Lieutenant James H. Stewart took possession of her and delivered her to the [[Pensacola Navy Yard]] where she was repaired and armed. A small crew was placed on board and, on January 24, 1863, Acting Ensign Edwin Crissey assumed command. The ship was put in operation without being sent to an [[admiralty court]] to be libelled.<ref name=DANFS/> Although she spent most of her naval career operating in the [[West Gulf Blockading Squadron]], her most notable service occurred in December 1863 during a brief tour of duty with the [[East Gulf Blockading Squadron]]. This operation in [[St. Andrews Bay (Florida)|St. Andrew's Bay, Florida]]—in which she was assisted by her tender, the sloop ''Caroline'', and the bark [[USS Restless (1861)|''Restless'']]—resulted in the destruction of 380 different salt works and of much of the town of St. Andrew's. Her commanding officer received high praise for ''Bloomer's'' part in the successful accomplishment of this mission.<ref name=DANFS/>

Near the very end of 1863, ''Bloomer'' was at last ordered to the [[prize court]] of [[New Orleans, Louisiana]], to be libelled. The final decree in the case, rendered on January 4, 1865, declared this was not a case of "prize" but of "salvage". Early in 1865, she was finally purchased by the [[United States Navy]] and continued on duty on the coast of [[Florida]] in the vicinity of [[Pensacola, Florida]].<ref name=DANFS/> In June 1865 she sank in East Pass, [[Santa Rosa Island, Florida]]. After the wreck was raised, it was sold on September 22, 1865, to S. P. Griffin & Co., of [[Woolsey, Florida]]. Redocumented as ''Emma'' on April 5, 1866, the vessel served a private owner until 1868 when she was sold to a foreign purchaser and disappeared from American shipping records.<ref name=DANFS>{{DANFS|https://web.archive.org/web/20131211104503/https://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/b7/bloomer-i.htm}}</ref> The Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies of the War of the Rebellion (ORN) lists the Bloomer both as a sidewheeler and, later, as a sternwheeler. One of the persons from Geneva who assisted in the raid was a pilot named Jones, who is not otherwise identified; however, records of the ORN show that a Thomas G. Jones was, at one time, in command of the ''Bloomer'', after she was captured—perhaps in reward for his services.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
See also, "A Federal Raid into Southeast Alabama" Allen W. Jones, <br />''Alabama Review'', October 1961.<br />
Bloomer was a 130-ton sidewheeler.
* Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume 1, page 46.
For Elias Bruner's version of the raid, see:<br />
Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion. / Series I - Volume 19: West Gulf Blockading Squadron (July 15, 1862 – March 14, 1863) pages 424–429.<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.library.cornell.edu/moa_new/browse.html?frames=1&coll=moa&view=50&root=/moa/ofre/ofre0019/&tif=00448.TIF&cite=http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa%25|title=Browse - Cornell University Library Making of America Collection|website=collections.library.Cornell.edu|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref>
* To see Acting Assistant Engineer, 3rd Class Thomas G. Jones in command of ''Bloomer'' on January 15, 1865, see:
Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the<br /> Rebellion, Series I-Volume 22:West Gulf Blocking Squadron (January 1, 1865 – January 31, 1866), page 12<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.library.cornell.edu/moa_new/browse.html?frames=1&coll=moa&view=50&root=/moa/ofre/ofre0022/&tif=00034.TIF&cite=http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/moa-cgi?notisid=ANU4547-0022|title=Browse - Cornell University Library Making of America Collection|website=collections.library.Cornell.edu|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref>
The above shows Bloomer as a stern wheeler.
* Narrative of destruction of salt works:

Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion. / Series I - Volume 17: Gulf Blockading Squadron<br /> (December 16, 1861 – February 21, 1862); East Gulf Blockading Squadron (December 22, 1862 – July 17, 1865), pages 593–601<br />
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.library.cornell.edu/moa_new/browse.html?frames=1&cite=http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/moa-cgi?notisid=ANU4547-0017&coll=moa&view=50&root=/moa/ofre/ofre0017/&tif=00632.TIF&pagenum=593|title=Browse - Cornell University Library Making of America Collection|website=collections.library.Cornell.edu|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref>

{{1865 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bloomer}}
[[Category:Ships of the Union Navy]]
[[Category:Steamships of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:Gunboats of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:American Civil War patrol vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in New Albany, Indiana]]
[[Category:1856 ships]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in June 1865]]