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'''Galloway''' was a British car maker founded in 1920 as a subsidiary company to [[Arrol-Johnston]]. It was based at first at [[Tongland]], [[Dumfries]] and from 1923 at Heathall, Dumfries. It closed in 1928.
{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}
[[File:Dr Snoddie's 1927 Galloway from "Dr Finlays Casebook".jpg|thumb|330px|Dr Snoddie's 1927 1.5 litre Galloway from ''[[Dr. Finlay's Casebook]]'', now at [[Myreton Motor Museum]] ]]
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'''Galloway''' was a [[Scottish people|Scottish]] car maker founded in 1920 as a subsidiary company to [[Arrol-Johnston]]. It was based at first at [[Tongland]], [[Kirkcudbrightshire]], and from 1923 at Heathall, [[Dumfries]]. It closed in 1928.


==History==
==History==
The company was very unusual in the world of car making in that it was largely run and staffed by women. For a while the cars were advertised as "a car made by ladies for others of their sex". The factory had originally been built as a wartime aero engine plant and T. C. Pullinger, the manager of Arrol-Johnston, was persuaded by his daughter Dorothée Pullinger to keep the factory open to provide local employment. She was made a director of the new enterprise and set up training courses and apprenticeships specifically for local women. The apprenticeships were to last for three rather than the usual five years as the girls were thought to be better at attending and quicker learners than boys.<ref name=automobile>{{cite journal| authorlink = Michael Worthington-Williams |title = The Galloway Story |journal = The Automobile |volume = 13 |pages = 70-76
The company was very unusual in the world of car making in that it was largely run and staffed by women. For a while the cars were advertised as "a car made by ladies for others of their sex". The factory had originally been built as a wartime aero engine plant and [[Thomas Pullinger]], the manager of Arrol-Johnston, was persuaded by his daughter [[Dorothée Pullinger]] to keep the factory open to provide local employment. She was made a director of the new enterprise and set up training courses and apprenticeships specifically for local women. The apprenticeships were to last for three rather than the usual five years as the girls were thought to be better at attending and quicker learners than boys.<ref name="automobile">{{cite journal |last=Worthington-Williams |first=Michael |title=The Galloway Story |journal=The Automobile |volume=13 |pages=70–76 |date=August 1995}}</ref>
|date = August 1995}} </ref>


The factory was near the River Dee and a dam was built fitted with water turbines to provide power, supplemented by a steam engine. It also had two tennis courts on the roof.<ref name=automobile/>
The factory was near the River Dee and a dam fitted with water turbines was built to provide power, supplemented by a steam engine. It also had two tennis courts on the roof.<ref name="automobile" />


The cars were sturdy and straight forward and a one model policy was pursued with, at first, the 10/20, which was heavily influenced by the [[Fiat 501]].
The cars were sturdy and straightforward, and a one-model policy was pursued with, at first, the 10/20, which was heavily influenced by the [[Fiat 501]].


It was not however a good time to launch a new car and only a few hundred were made before the Tongland factory was forced to close in 1923 and production moved to the parent works at Heathall which had plenty of spare capacity.<ref name=Beaulieu>{{cite book |last=Georgano |first=N. |title=Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile |year=2000 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |id=ISBN 1-57958-293-1}}</ref> The Tongland factory was later used to make silk.
It was not, however, a good time to launch a new car, and only a few hundred were made before the Tongland factory was forced to close in 1923 and production moved to the parent works at Heathall, which had plenty of spare capacity.<ref name="Beaulieu">{{cite book |last=G.N. Georgano |author-link=G.N. Georgano |first=N. |title=Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile |year=2000 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |isbn=1-57958-293-1}}</ref> The Tongland factory was later used to make silk.


A second, larger, Galloway model, the 12, essentially an Arrol-Johnston, replaced the 10/20 in 1925 and remained in production until Arrol-Johnston itself closed in 1928 and Galloway Motors was formerly wound up. Dorothée went on to run a laundry in Croydon.
A second, larger, Galloway model, the 12, essentially an Arrol-Johnston, replaced the 10/20 in 1925 and remained in production until Arrol-Johnston itself closed in 1928 and Galloway Motors was formally wound up. In all a total of around 4,000 Galloway cars were produced.<ref name="Herstoria - cars" /> Dorothée and her husband went on to set up, using new American machinery, White Services Laundries Limited in Croydon, which soon had 17 shops.<ref>Georgine Clarsen, Pullinger, Dorothée Aurelie Marianne, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''.</ref>


==Model range==
==Model range==


*1920-1925 Galloway 10/20 1460 cc Straight-4 side valve
*1920-1925 Galloway 10/20 {{convert|1460|cc|abbr=on|0}} [[Inline-four engine|straight-4]] side valve
*1925-1929 Galloway 12 1669 cc Straight-4 side valve
*1925-1929 Galloway 12 {{convert|1669|cc|abbr=on|0}} Straight-4 side valve


===Galloway 10/20===
===Galloway 10/20===
{{Infobox Automobile generation
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Galloway 10/20
|name=Galloway 10/20
| image =
|image=1924 Galloway 10.20 at Biggar Vintage Rally, August, 2008.jpg
|caption=1924 Galloway 10/20 at the annual Biggar Vintage Rally, August 2008
⚫
| production = 1920&ndash;1925<br>1800 approx produced <ref name=AZ1920>{{cite book |last=Baldwin |first=N. |title=A-Z of Cars of the 1920s|year=1994 |publisher=Bay View Books |location=Devon, UK |id=ISBN 1-870979-53-2}}</ref>
|production=1920–1925<br />1800 approx produced <ref name="AZ1920">
⚫
| engine = 1460&nbsp;cc Straight-4 Side valve
⚫
{{cite book |last=Baldwin |first=N. |title=A-Z of Cars of the 1920s |year=1994 |publisher=Bay View Books |location=Devon, UK |isbn=1-870979-53-2}}</ref>
⚫
| transmission = 3 speed, later 4 speed manual
⚫
|engine={{convert|1460|cc|abbr=on|0}} Straight-4 Side valve
⚫
| body_style =
⚫
|transmission=3 speed, later 4 speed manual
⚫
| wheelbase = 102 or 112 inches (2591 or 2845 mm)<ref name=BritishCars>{{cite book |last=Culshaw |first= |coauthors=Horrobin |title=Complete Catalogue of British Cars |year=1974 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London |id=ISBN 0-333-16689-2}}</ref>
⚫
|body_style=
⚫
| length =156 inches (3962 mm)<ref name=BritishCars/>
| width =68 inches (1727 mm)<ref name=BritishCars/>
|wheelbase={{convert|102|or|112|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars">
⚫
{{cite book |last=Culshaw |last2=Horrobin |title=Complete Catalogue of British Cars |year=1974 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London |isbn=0-333-16689-2}}</ref>
⚫
|length={{convert|156|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars" />
|width={{convert|68|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars" />
}}
}}


Designed by T. C. Pullinger and Fred Neale from [[Hillman]], and heavily influenced by the Fiat 501, the 10/20 used a straight four, side valve engine of 1460&nbsp;cc driving the rear wheels through either a three or four speed gearbox in unit with the engine. Suspension was by semi elliptic leaf springs at the front and quarter elliptic springs at the rear.
Designed by [[Thomas Pullinger|T. C. Pullinger]] from [[Automobiles Darracq France|Darracq]], [[Sunbeam Motor Car Company|Sunbeam]] and [[Humber Limited|Humber]] with Fred Neale from [[Hillman]], and heavily influenced by the Fiat 501, the 10/20 used a straight four, side valve engine of 1460&nbsp;cc driving the rear wheels through either a three or four speed gearbox in unit with the engine. Suspension was by semi elliptic leaf springs at the front and quarter elliptic springs at the rear.


However, the Galloway car had several adaptations to appeal to women drivers. Some, like the introduction of a rear-view mirror and more reliable engine, would be appreciated by all drivers. It was smaller and lighter with more storage space, and the raised seat gave the driver better sight-lines. The hand-brake was situated more conveniently near the driver's seat rather than under the dashboard.<ref name="Herstoria - cars">{{cite web|last1=Baker|first1=Nina|title=Women car designers and designing cars for women|url=http://herstoria.com/?p=9|publisher=HerStoria|access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref>
{{clear}}


<div style="clear: both"></div>
===Galloway 12, 12/30 and 12/50===
===Galloway 12, 12/30 and 12/50===
{{Infobox Automobile generation
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Galloway 12
|name=Galloway 12
| image =
|image=
|caption=
| production = 1925&ndash;1929<br>production numbers not known)<ref name=AZ1920/>
|production=1925–1929<br />(production numbers not known)<ref name="AZ1920" />
| engine = 1669&nbsp;cc Straight-4 overhead valve
|engine={{convert|1669|cc|abbr=on|0}} Straight-4 overhead valve
| body_style =
| transmission = 4 speed manual
|body_style =
|transmission = 4 speed manual
| wheelbase = 114 inches (2896 mm)<ref name=BritishCars/>
|wheelbase={{convert|114|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars" />
| length = 156 inches (3962 mm)<ref name=BritishCars/>
|length={{convert|156|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars" />
| width =68 inches (1727 mm)<ref name=BritishCars/>
|width={{convert|68|in|abbr=on|0}}<ref name="BritishCars" />
}}
}}
The engine for the 12 (later called the 12/30 and 12/50) was an Arrol-Johnston unit shared with that makes 12hp model. On test by The Motor magazine a top speed of 51 mph was achieved. Four wheel brakes were fitted were fitted from 1926 when the name was changed from 12 to 12/30<ref name=Beaulieu/>. The car was offered for between GBP325 and 360 depending on body which was expensive when compared with the likes of Morris and Austin.
The engine for the 12 (later called the 12/30 and 12/50) was an Arrol-Johnston unit shared with that make's 12&nbsp;hp model. On test by The Motor magazine a top speed of 51&nbsp;mph was achieved. Four-wheel brakes were fitted from 1926, and the name was changed from 12 to 12/30.<ref name="Beaulieu" /> The car was offered for between [[£]]325 and £360 depending on body, which was expensive when compared with cars such as Morris and Austin.
{{clear}}

==See also==
* [[List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]


<div style="clear: both"></div>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Scotland]]
[[Category:Companies based in Dumfries and Galloway]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1920]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1929]]
[[Category:1920 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:1929 disestablishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:History of Galloway]]
[[Category:History of Dumfriesshire]]
[[Category:British companies disestablished in 1929]]
[[Category:British companies established in 1920]]

Latest revision as of 03:23, 28 June 2024

Dr Snoddie's 1927 1.5 litre Galloway from Dr. Finlay's Casebook, now at Myreton Motor Museum

Galloway was a Scottish car maker founded in 1920 as a subsidiary company to Arrol-Johnston. It was based at first at Tongland, Kirkcudbrightshire, and from 1923 at Heathall, Dumfries. It closed in 1928.

History

[edit]

The company was very unusual in the world of car making in that it was largely run and staffed by women. For a while the cars were advertised as "a car made by ladies for others of their sex". The factory had originally been built as a wartime aero engine plant and Thomas Pullinger, the manager of Arrol-Johnston, was persuaded by his daughter Dorothée Pullinger to keep the factory open to provide local employment. She was made a director of the new enterprise and set up training courses and apprenticeships specifically for local women. The apprenticeships were to last for three rather than the usual five years as the girls were thought to be better at attending and quicker learners than boys.[1]

The factory was near the River Dee and a dam fitted with water turbines was built to provide power, supplemented by a steam engine. It also had two tennis courts on the roof.[1]

The cars were sturdy and straightforward, and a one-model policy was pursued with, at first, the 10/20, which was heavily influenced by the Fiat 501.

It was not, however, a good time to launch a new car, and only a few hundred were made before the Tongland factory was forced to close in 1923 and production moved to the parent works at Heathall, which had plenty of spare capacity.[2] The Tongland factory was later used to make silk.

A second, larger, Galloway model, the 12, essentially an Arrol-Johnston, replaced the 10/20 in 1925 and remained in production until Arrol-Johnston itself closed in 1928 and Galloway Motors was formally wound up. In all a total of around 4,000 Galloway cars were produced.[3] Dorothée and her husband went on to set up, using new American machinery, White Services Laundries Limited in Croydon, which soon had 17 shops.[4]

Model range

[edit]
  • 1920-1925 Galloway 10/20 1,460 cc (89 cu in) straight-4 side valve
  • 1925-1929 Galloway 12 1,669 cc (102 cu in) Straight-4 side valve

Galloway 10/20

[edit]
Galloway 10/20
1924 Galloway 10/20 at the annual Biggar Vintage Rally, August 2008
Overview
Production1920–1925
1800 approx produced [5]
Powertrain
Engine1,460 cc (89 cu in) Straight-4 Side valve
Transmission3 speed, later 4 speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase102 or 112 in (2,591 or 2,845 mm)[6]
Length156 in (3,962 mm)[6]
Width68 in (1,727 mm)[6]

Designed by T. C. Pullinger from Darracq, Sunbeam and Humber with Fred Neale from Hillman, and heavily influenced by the Fiat 501, the 10/20 used a straight four, side valve engine of 1460 cc driving the rear wheels through either a three or four speed gearbox in unit with the engine. Suspension was by semi elliptic leaf springs at the front and quarter elliptic springs at the rear.

However, the Galloway car had several adaptations to appeal to women drivers. Some, like the introduction of a rear-view mirror and more reliable engine, would be appreciated by all drivers. It was smaller and lighter with more storage space, and the raised seat gave the driver better sight-lines. The hand-brake was situated more conveniently near the driver's seat rather than under the dashboard.[3]

Galloway 12, 12/30 and 12/50

[edit]
Galloway 12
Overview
Production1925–1929
(production numbers not known)[5]
Powertrain
Engine1,669 cc (102 cu in) Straight-4 overhead valve
Transmission4 speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase114 in (2,896 mm)[6]
Length156 in (3,962 mm)[6]
Width68 in (1,727 mm)[6]

The engine for the 12 (later called the 12/30 and 12/50) was an Arrol-Johnston unit shared with that make's 12 hp model. On test by The Motor magazine a top speed of 51 mph was achieved. Four-wheel brakes were fitted from 1926, and the name was changed from 12 to 12/30.[2] The car was offered for between £325 and £360 depending on body, which was expensive when compared with cars such as Morris and Austin.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Worthington-Williams, Michael (August 1995). "The Galloway Story". The Automobile. 13: 70–76.
  2. ^ a b G.N. Georgano, N. (2000). Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. London: HMSO. ISBN 1-57958-293-1.
  3. ^ a b Baker, Nina. "Women car designers and designing cars for women". HerStoria. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  4. ^ Georgine Clarsen, Pullinger, Dorothée Aurelie Marianne, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
  5. ^ a b Baldwin, N. (1994). A-Z of Cars of the 1920s. Devon, UK: Bay View Books. ISBN 1-870979-53-2.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Culshaw; Horrobin (1974). Complete Catalogue of British Cars. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-16689-2.
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