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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Fischer's Turaco
| name = Fischer's turaco
| image = Tauraco fischeri - 20030516.jpg
| image = Tauraco fischeri - 20030516.jpg
| image_caption = At [[London Zoo]], England
| status = NT
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22688327 |title=''Tauraco fischeri'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Tauraco fischeri'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22688327A93192788 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688327A93192788.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| genus = Tauraco
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| species = fischeri
⚫
| authority = ([[Anton Reichenow|Reichenow]], 1878)
| classis = [[Aves]]
| ordo = [[Cuculiformes]]
| familia = [[Musophagidae]]
| genus = ''[[Tauraco]]''
| species = '''''T. fischeri'''''
⚫
| binomial = ''Tauraco fischeri''
⚫
| binomial_authority = ([[Anton Reichenow|Reichenow]], 1878)
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
| range_map = Fisher's Turaco.png
| range_map = Fisher's Turaco.png
| range_map_caption = Distribution of the Fischer's Turaco}}
| range_map_caption = Distribution of the Fischer's turaco}}
'''Fischer's Turaco''' (''Tauraco fischeri'') is a species of [[bird]] in the [[Musophagidae]] family.
'''Fischer's turaco''' ('''''Tauraco fischeri''''') is a species of [[bird]] in the family [[Musophagidae]]. It is found in Coastal East Africa, including [[Kenya]], [[Somalia]], and [[Tanzania]]. Its natural [[habitat]]s are [[subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest]], subtropical or tropical moist [[montane forest]], and [[arable land]]. It is threatened by [[habitat loss]] and trapping for the [[wildlife trade]].
It is found in [[Kenya]], [[Somalia]], and [[Tanzania]].
Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical moist lowland [[forest]]s, subtropical or tropical moist [[montane forest]]s, and [[arable land]].
It is threatened by [[habitat loss]].
{{Commons|Tauraco fischeri}}


== Name ==
The common name and scientific name commemorate the German explorer [[Gustav Fischer]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Beolens|first=Bo|title=Whose Birds? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds|year=2003|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=London|pages=127–128|author2=Watkins, Michael}}</ref>
The common name and scientific name of this bird commemorate the German explorer [[Gustav Fischer (explorer)|Gustav Fischer]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Beolens|first=Bo|title=Whose Birds? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds|year=2003|publisher=Christopher Helm|location=London|pages=127–128|author2=Watkins, Michael}}</ref> This bird is also known as East African red-crested lourie.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Kateri J. |date=2014 |title=The Fischer's Turaco: The 2014 AFA Convention's Theme Species |url=https://journals.tdl.org/watchbird/index.php/watchbird/article/view/3678 |journal=AFA Watchbird |language=en |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=35–39}}</ref>

== Description ==
'''Measurements''':

* '''Length''': 16 in (40&nbsp;cm)<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Stevenson |first1=Terry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jcN1OCKC-bQC&dq=fischer's+turaco&pg=PA184 |title=Birds of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi |last2=Fanshawe |first2=John |date=2004-12-01 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-0-7136-7347-0 |pages=184 |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Weight''': Males 8.11-9.49 oz (230-269 g); females 8.01-9.98 oz (227-283 g)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Marwell Wildlife |title=Fischer's Turaco - Tauraco fischeri {{!}} Visit us at Marwell Zoo |url=https://www.marwell.org.uk/animal/fischers-turaco/ |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=Marwell Zoo |language=en-GB}}</ref>

These green bodied turacos have a white-tipped reddish crest, a black belly, and red primaries. They also feature green-blue wings and a dark blue-green tail.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last1=Redman |first1=Nigel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2i9PsHc2B0wC&dq=fischer's+turaco&pg=PA208 |title=Birds of the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and Socotra |last2=Stevenson |first2=Terry |last3=Fanshawe |first3=John |date=2009-05-11 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-0-7136-6541-3 |pages=208 |language=en}}</ref>

The red skin around their eyes is margined in front by a white line that extends to its bright red bill, and below by a small black patch also boarded by a white line that extends to below its ear-covets.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Zimmerman |first1=Dale A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hg7UDwAAQBAJ |title=Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania |last2=Pearson |first2=David J. |last3=Turner |first3=Donald A. |date=2020-02-20 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4729-8103-5 |pages=365 |language=en}}</ref> Their white eye stripes and red orbital skin help to distinguish them from the more common [[Red-crested turaco]].<ref name=":0" />

== Call ==
The song of the Fischer's turaco is described as a series of loud growls where the rising notes commence slowly and progress as a series of up to 12 identical notes.<ref name=":2" />

== Distribution and habitat ==
The Fischer's turaco inhabits coastal and riverine forest and woodland in Coastal East Africa, specifically in Kenya, north-eastern Tanzania, and southern Somalia. This species lives in forest thickets, but does favor the canopy and sub-canopy of mature fruiting trees.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=National Geographic Society |title=Fischer's Turaco |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/photo-ark/animal/tauraco-fischeri/ |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=National Geographic Society |language=en}}</ref> They are common in their limited range, but are more often heard than seen because they travel alone or in pairs, which makes them hard to spot.<ref name=":0" />

== Diet ==
This bird eats mainly fruits (especially figs and berries), but also eats flower buds, young leaf shoots, and insects.<ref name=":1" />

== Conservation ==
The population of Fischer's turacos is decreasing, with the current number of mature individuals estimated to be 1,500 - 7,000.<ref name=":3" /> This species is currently protected by the [[United Nations|United Nations']] [[CITES|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora]] (CITIES) Appendix II. In Somalia, Notification to the Parties No. 2004/055 was enacted in 2019, which suspended all commercial trade of the species.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CITIES |date=2019-07-04 |title=Notification to the Parties No. 2019/035 |url=https://cites.org/sites/default/files/notif/E-Notif-2019-035.pdf |access-date=2022-07-09}}</ref>

== Breeding ==
Once bonded, the Fischer's turaco makes a loose, platform stick nest in the tree canopy. Both males and females help build the nest and incubate the eggs. A typical clutch consists of 2 white eggs that feature an incubation period of 22–23 days. Chicks fledge from the nest between 4–5 weeks, but are not able to fly until about 6 weeks of age.<ref name=":0" />


==References==
==References==
⚫
{{Commons|Tauraco fischeri}}
{{Reflist}}<!-- BiolConserv87:59; BirdConservInt10:47 -->
{{Reflist}}<!-- BiolConserv87:59; BirdConservInt10:47 -->


{{Turacos}}
{{Turacos}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1001693}}


[[Category:Tauraco|Fischer's turaco]]
[[Category:Turacos]]
[[Category:Turacos]]
[[Category:Animals described in 1878]]
[[Category:Birds of East Africa]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1878|Fischer's turaco]]

[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

{{Cuculiformes-stub}}

Latest revision as of 10:17, 13 September 2024

Fischer's turaco
At London Zoo, England
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Musophagiformes
Family: Musophagidae
Genus: Tauraco
Species:
T. fischeri
Binomial name
Tauraco fischeri
(Reichenow, 1878)
Distribution of the Fischer's turaco

Fischer's turaco (Tauraco fischeri) is a species of bird in the family Musophagidae. It is found in Coastal East Africa, including Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and arable land. It is threatened by habitat loss and trapping for the wildlife trade.

Name

[edit]

The common name and scientific name of this bird commemorate the German explorer Gustav Fischer.[2] This bird is also known as East African red-crested lourie.[3]

Description

[edit]

Measurements:

  • Length: 16 in (40 cm)[4]
  • Weight: Males 8.11-9.49 oz (230-269 g); females 8.01-9.98 oz (227-283 g)[5]

These green bodied turacos have a white-tipped reddish crest, a black belly, and red primaries. They also feature green-blue wings and a dark blue-green tail.[6]

The red skin around their eyes is margined in front by a white line that extends to its bright red bill, and below by a small black patch also boarded by a white line that extends to below its ear-covets.[7] Their white eye stripes and red orbital skin help to distinguish them from the more common Red-crested turaco.[3]

Call

[edit]

The song of the Fischer's turaco is described as a series of loud growls where the rising notes commence slowly and progress as a series of up to 12 identical notes.[6]

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

The Fischer's turaco inhabits coastal and riverine forest and woodland in Coastal East Africa, specifically in Kenya, north-eastern Tanzania, and southern Somalia. This species lives in forest thickets, but does favor the canopy and sub-canopy of mature fruiting trees.[8] They are common in their limited range, but are more often heard than seen because they travel alone or in pairs, which makes them hard to spot.[3]

Diet

[edit]

This bird eats mainly fruits (especially figs and berries), but also eats flower buds, young leaf shoots, and insects.[5]

Conservation

[edit]

The population of Fischer's turacos is decreasing, with the current number of mature individuals estimated to be 1,500 - 7,000.[8] This species is currently protected by the United Nations' Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITIES) Appendix II. In Somalia, Notification to the Parties No. 2004/055 was enacted in 2019, which suspended all commercial trade of the species.[9]

Breeding

[edit]

Once bonded, the Fischer's turaco makes a loose, platform stick nest in the tree canopy. Both males and females help build the nest and incubate the eggs. A typical clutch consists of 2 white eggs that feature an incubation period of 22–23 days. Chicks fledge from the nest between 4–5 weeks, but are not able to fly until about 6 weeks of age.[3]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tauraco fischeri.
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Tauraco fischeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22688327A93192788. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688327A93192788.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003). Whose Birds? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 127–128.
  3. ^ a b c d Davis, Kateri J. (2014). "The Fischer's Turaco: The 2014 AFA Convention's Theme Species". AFA Watchbird. 41 (3): 35–39.
  4. ^ Stevenson, Terry; Fanshawe, John (2004-12-01). Birds of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi. A&C Black. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-7136-7347-0.
  5. ^ a b Marwell Wildlife. "Fischer's Turaco - Tauraco fischeri | Visit us at Marwell Zoo". Marwell Zoo. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
  6. ^ a b Redman, Nigel; Stevenson, Terry; Fanshawe, John (2009-05-11). Birds of the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and Socotra. A&C Black. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-7136-6541-3.
  7. ^ Zimmerman, Dale A.; Pearson, David J.; Turner, Donald A. (2020-02-20). Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 365. ISBN 978-1-4729-8103-5.
  8. ^ a b National Geographic Society. "Fischer's Turaco". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
  9. ^ CITIES (2019-07-04). "Notification to the Parties No. 2019/035" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-07-09.
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