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{{Short description|Polish noble and politician}}
{{Infobox noble
{{Infobox noble
|name=<small>Prince</small><br>Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
|name=<small>Prince</small><br />Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
| image = [[File:Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski.PNG|230px]]<br><br>[[File:Herb Lubomirski.PNG|100px]]
| image = [[File:Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski.PNG|230px]]<br /><br />[[File:Herb Lubomirski.PNG|100px]]
| house-type = Szlachta
| house-type = Szlachta
| noble family = [[Lubomirski]]
| noble family = [[Lubomirski]]
Line 7: Line 8:
|father = [[Stanisław Lubomirski (1583–1649)|Stanisław Lubomirski]]
|father = [[Stanisław Lubomirski (1583–1649)|Stanisław Lubomirski]]
| mother = [[Zofia Ostrogska]]
| mother = [[Zofia Ostrogska]]
| spouse = [[Konstancja Ligęza]]<br>[[Barbara Tarło]]
| spouse = [[Konstancja Ligęza]]<br />[[Barbara Tarło]]
| spouse-type = Consort
| spouse-type = Consort
| issue = with Konstancja Ligęza<br>[[Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski]]<br>[[Aleksander Michał Lubomirski (XVII-1673)|Aleksander Michał Lubomirski]]<br>[[Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski]]<br>[[Krystyna Lubomirska (XVII-1699)|Krystyna Lubomirska]]<br>with Barbara Tarło<br>[[Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski]]<br>[[Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski]]<br>[[Anna Krystyna Lubomirska (XVII-1701)|Anna Krystyna Lubomirska]]
| issue = with Konstancja Ligęza<br />[[Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski]]<br />[[Aleksander Michał Lubomirski (XVII-1673)|Aleksander Michał Lubomirski]]<br />[[Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski]]<br />[[Krystyna Lubomirska (XVII-1699)|Krystyna Lubomirska]]<br />with Barbara Tarło<br />[[Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski]]<br />[[Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski]]<br />[[Anna Krystyna Lubomirska (XVII-1701)|Anna Krystyna Lubomirska]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1616|1|20}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1616|1|20}}
| birth_place = [[Wiśnicz]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| birth_place = [[Wiśnicz]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| death_date = {{death date|df=y|1667|12|31}}
| death_date = {{death date|df=y|1667|12|31}} (aged 51)
| death_place = [[Wrocław|Breslaw]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| death_place = Breslau, [[Holy Roman Empire]] (now [[Wrocław]], [[Poland]])
|full name = <!-- Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski -->
|full name = <!-- Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski -->
}}
}}
Prince '''Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski''' (20 January 1616 &ndash; 31 December 1667) was a Polish noble ([[Szlachta|szlachcic]]), [[magnate]], politician and military commander. Lubomirski was a Prince of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] SRI. He was the initiator of the [[Lubomirski Rebellion]] of 1665&ndash;1666.
Prince '''Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski''' (20 January 1616 &ndash; 31 December 1667) was a Polish noble ([[Szlachta|szlachcic]]), [[magnate]], politician and military commander, and Prince of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. He was the initiator of the [[Lubomirski Rebellion]] of 1665&ndash;1666 against royal authority.


Lubomirski was the son of [[voivode]] and starost Stanisław Lubomirski and Princess Zofia Ostrogska. He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654. He was [[starost]] of [[Kraków]] since 1647, [[Court Marshal of the Crown]] in the same year, [[Grand Marshal of the Crown]] since 1650, Field Crown [[Hetman]] since 1658, starost of [[Nowy Sącz]] and [[Spisz]].
Lubomirski was the son of [[voivode]] and starost Stanisław Lubomirski and Princess Zofia Ostrogska. He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654. He was [[starost]] of [[Kraków]] since 1647, [[Court Marshal of the Crown|Crown Court Marshal]] in the same year, [[Grand Marshal of the Crown|Crown Grand Marshal]] since 1650, Crown Field [[Hetman]] since 1658, starosta of [[Nowy Sącz]] and [[Spisz]].


He became [[Sejm Marshal]] of the ordinary [[Sejm]] between 1 February and 29 March 1643 in [[Warsaw]].
He became [[Sejm Marshal]] of the ordinary [[Sejm]] between 1 February and 29 March 1643 in [[Warsaw]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Lubomirski became famous as a commander during wars with the [[Ukrainian Cossacks]], [[Sweden]], [[Transylvania]] and [[Tsardom of Russia|Muscovy]] in the 1648–1660 period. Inter alia he crushes the invading troops of [[George II Rákóczi]] and marched into Transylvania. He also forced, together with [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]], Russian troops to surrender at the [[battle of Cudnów]] in 1660.
Lubomirski became famous as a commander during wars with the [[Ukrainian Cossacks]], [[Sweden]], [[Transylvania]] and [[Tsardom of Russia|Muscovy]] in the 1648–1660 period. Inter alia he crushed the invading troops of [[George II Rákóczi]] and raided Transylvania. He also forced, together with [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]], Russian troops to surrender at the [[battle of Cudnów]] in 1660.


[[File:Anonymous_Jerzy_Sebastian_Lubomirski_on_horseback.png|thumb|180px|right|Allegorical equestrian portrait of Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski after his victories over Russia]]
[[File:Anonymous_Jerzy_Sebastian_Lubomirski_on_horseback.png|thumb|180px|right|Allegorical equestrian portrait of Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski after his victories over Russia]]


He was a staunch defender of the "[[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth#The Golden Freedoms|Golden freedoms]]" and the leader of the fierce opposition to King [[John II of Poland|John II Casimir]], who was attempting to increase his power.
He was a staunch defender of the "[[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth#Golden Liberty|Golden freedoms]]" and the leader of the fierce opposition to King [[John II of Poland|John II Casimir]], who was attempting to increase his power.


The King accused him of treason to the state and with an adjudication of guilt adopted by the [[Sejm]], he lost all his offices and was sent into banishment in 1664.
The King accused him of treason to the state and with an adjudication of guilt adopted by the [[Sejm]], he lost all his offices and was sent into banishment in 1664.
Line 33: Line 34:
However, in 1665 he started the ''Lubomirski Rokosz'' (Rebellion) and countermanded system reforms of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Commonwealth]]. Using his influence Lubomirski had two sessions of the Sejm dissolved, in 1665 by deputies Piotr Telefus and Władysław Łoś, and in 1666 by deputies Kasper Miaskowski and Teodor Łukomski. At the head of regular army units and some noble levy ([[pospolite ruszenie]]) forces, he defeated the Royal army at [[Częstochowa]] in 1665 and royal troops led by the future King [[John III Sobieski]] [[Battle of Matwy|at Mątwy]] in 1666.
However, in 1665 he started the ''Lubomirski Rokosz'' (Rebellion) and countermanded system reforms of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Commonwealth]]. Using his influence Lubomirski had two sessions of the Sejm dissolved, in 1665 by deputies Piotr Telefus and Władysław Łoś, and in 1666 by deputies Kasper Miaskowski and Teodor Łukomski. At the head of regular army units and some noble levy ([[pospolite ruszenie]]) forces, he defeated the Royal army at [[Częstochowa]] in 1665 and royal troops led by the future King [[John III Sobieski]] [[Battle of Matwy|at Mątwy]] in 1666.


The [[Agreement of Legonice|Agreement of Łęgonice]] gave him back his dignity and annulled the earlier adjudication of the Sejm, the king was forced to give up his reform plans and the introduction of "[[vivente rege]] [[Royal elections in Poland|elections]]" and resulted in indirect abdication of the monarch in 1668. However, Lubomirski was forced into exile.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0395652375&id=MziRd4ddZz4C&pg=PA344&lpg=PA344&dq=1773+exiled+Sejm&sig=92NKMrNxjDRA53dUBxLlZgEkfSA]</ref>
The [[Agreement of Legonice|Agreement of Łęgonice]] gave him back his dignity and annulled the earlier adjudication of the Sejm, the king was forced to give up his reform plans and the introduction of "[[vivente rege]] [[Royal elections in Poland|elections]]" and resulted in indirect abdication of the monarch in 1668. However, Lubomirski was forced into exile.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oREvuAAACAAJ |title=The Encyclopedia of World History|isbn=9780395652374 |last1=Stearns |first1=Peter N. |year=2001 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin }}</ref>

==Assessment==
{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2021}}
{{Weasel words|section|ate=November 2021|date=November 2021}}
Some historians see Lubomirski as one of the most significant magnates of the 17th century. He frequently served as a deputy to the [[Sejm]], was an excellent orator, military commander and politician, and had great private ambitions.

At the same time, many question his accomplishments; he was prideful and ambitious has been accused of strange and traitorous behaviour during the war against Sweden (1655–1660). While he contributed to the defeat of the Swedish-allied [[Transylvania]]n invaders, he let their leader and top officials go in exchange for nothing (as opposed to holding them for a ransom, or as political pawns). Lubomirski's "victorious" rebellion against the Polish government prevented the realisation of key reforms, which in turn had grave consequences for the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Commonwealth]] in the long term. His only real big accomplishment was the victory at Cudnow, but even that he did not accomplish alone. He also abandoned his army afterwards, seeking praise from the royal court, while the army disintegrated and soldiers went unpaid and wounded were unattended.


==Children and famous descendants==
==Children and famous descendants==
Line 50: Line 44:
* Jerzy Dominik become [[Podstoli]], [[Podkomorzy]] and voivode.
* Jerzy Dominik become [[Podstoli]], [[Podkomorzy]] and voivode.
* Anna Krystyna married [[Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł]] and [[Franciszek Stefan Sapieha]].
* Anna Krystyna married [[Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł]] and [[Franciszek Stefan Sapieha]].

== Ancestry ==
{{more citations needed section|date=August 2012}}
{{ahnentafel
|title=Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski ancestors<ref>{{cite web |last=Marek |first=Miroslav |url=http://genealogy.euweb.cz/poland/lubomir3.html |title= ''Genealogy.euweb.cz'' - Jozef Lubomirski, Castellan of Kiev *1751. |publisher= Genealogy EU}}{{Self-published source|date=August 2012}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=August 2012}} {{verification needed|date=June 2012}}&nbsp;{{failed verification|date=June 2012}}
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (1616–1667)
|2= 2. Prince [[Stanisław Lubomirski (1583–1649)]]
|3= 3. Princess [[Zofia Ostrogska]] (1595–1622)
|4= 4. Count [[Sebastian Lubomirski]] (c. 1546–1613)
|5= 5. [[Anna Branicka]] (? – 1639)
|6= 6. Prince [[Aleksander Ostrogski]] (1571–1603)
|7= 7. [[Anna Kostka (1575–1635)]]
|8= 8. [[Stanisław Lubomirski (d. 1585)]]
|9= 9. [[Laura de Effremis]]
<!--|10= 10. [[]]
|11= 11. [[]]-->
|12= 12. Prince [[Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski]]
|13= 13. Countess [[Zofia Tarnowska]]
|14= 14. [[Jan Kostka]]
|15= 15. [[Zofia Odrowąż]]
|16= 16. [[Feliks Lubomirski]]
|17= 17. Beata
<!--|18= 18. [[]]
|19= 19. [[]]
|20= 20. [[]]
|21= 21. [[]]
|22= 22. [[]]
|23= 23. [[]] -->
|24= 24. Duke [[Konstanty Ostrogski]]
|25= 25. [[Aleksandra Słucka]]
|26= 26. [[Jan Tarnowski]]
|27= 27. Saint Zofia Szydłowiecka
|28= 28. [[Stanisław Kostka (1475–1555)]]
|29= 29. [[Elżbieta z Eilemberku]]
|30= 30. [[Stanisław Odrowąż]]
|31= 31. Princess [[Anna of Masovia]] ([[House of Piast|Piast]])
}}


== References ==
== References ==
Line 116: Line 68:
[[Category:1616 births]]
[[Category:1616 births]]
[[Category:1667 deaths]]
[[Category:1667 deaths]]
[[Category:Crown grand marshals]]

Latest revision as of 23:35, 28 November 2024

Prince
Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski


Coat of armsLubomirski
Born(1616-01-20)20 January 1616
Wiśnicz, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Died(1667-12-31)31 December 1667 (aged 51)
Breslau, Holy Roman Empire (now Wrocław, Poland)
FamilyLubomirski
ConsortKonstancja Ligęza
Barbara Tarło
Issuewith Konstancja Ligęza
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski
Aleksander Michał Lubomirski
Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski
Krystyna Lubomirska
with Barbara Tarło
Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski
Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski
Anna Krystyna Lubomirska
FatherStanisław Lubomirski
MotherZofia Ostrogska

Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (20 January 1616 – 31 December 1667) was a Polish noble (szlachcic), magnate, politician and military commander, and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He was the initiator of the Lubomirski Rebellion of 1665–1666 against royal authority.

Lubomirski was the son of voivode and starost Stanisław Lubomirski and Princess Zofia Ostrogska. He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654. He was starost of Kraków since 1647, Crown Court Marshal in the same year, Crown Grand Marshal since 1650, Crown Field Hetman since 1658, starosta of Nowy Sącz and Spisz.

He became Sejm Marshal of the ordinary Sejm between 1 February and 29 March 1643 in Warsaw.

Biography

[edit]

Lubomirski became famous as a commander during wars with the Ukrainian Cossacks, Sweden, Transylvania and Muscovy in the 1648–1660 period. Inter alia he crushed the invading troops of George II Rákóczi and raided Transylvania. He also forced, together with Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki, Russian troops to surrender at the battle of Cudnów in 1660.

Allegorical equestrian portrait of Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski after his victories over Russia

He was a staunch defender of the "Golden freedoms" and the leader of the fierce opposition to King John II Casimir, who was attempting to increase his power.

The King accused him of treason to the state and with an adjudication of guilt adopted by the Sejm, he lost all his offices and was sent into banishment in 1664.

However, in 1665 he started the Lubomirski Rokosz (Rebellion) and countermanded system reforms of the Commonwealth. Using his influence Lubomirski had two sessions of the Sejm dissolved, in 1665 by deputies Piotr Telefus and Władysław Łoś, and in 1666 by deputies Kasper Miaskowski and Teodor Łukomski. At the head of regular army units and some noble levy (pospolite ruszenie) forces, he defeated the Royal army at Częstochowa in 1665 and royal troops led by the future King John III Sobieski at Mątwy in 1666.

The Agreement of Łęgonice gave him back his dignity and annulled the earlier adjudication of the Sejm, the king was forced to give up his reform plans and the introduction of "vivente rege elections" and resulted in indirect abdication of the monarch in 1668. However, Lubomirski was forced into exile.[1]

Children and famous descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Stearns, Peter N. (2001). The Encyclopedia of World History. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 9780395652374.
[edit]
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