Jump to content

Nevėžis: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 54°55′55″N 23°45′17″E / 54.9319°N 23.7546°E / 54.9319; 23.7546
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Removed very basic, explanatory notes for editors, which on any wiki should know what an Infobox is.
 
(3 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Other uses|Nevėžis (disambiguation)}}
{{Other uses|Nevėžis (disambiguation)}}
<!-- The following few lines create the "Infobox" table template.
Please scroll down to edit the main content of the article. -->
{{Infobox river
{{Infobox river
| name = Nevėžis
| name = Nevėžis
| map = Nevėžis (Lithuania).png
| map = Nevėžis (Lithuania).png
| map_size =
| map_size =
| map_caption = Map of Nevėžis
| map_caption = Map of Nevėžis
| image =Naujasis Veverskio tiltas.jpg
| image = Naujasis Veverskio tiltas.jpg
| image_caption = Nevėžis lower course in [[Kaunas District Municipality]]
| image_caption = Nevėžis lower course in [[Kaunas District Municipality]]
| source1_location = [[Paraisčiai Mire]], [[Anykščiai District Municipality]]
| source1_location = [[Paraisčiai Mire]], [[Anykščiai District Municipality]]
Line 22: Line 20:
| tributaries_right = [[Juosta]], [[Kiršinas]], [[Liaudė]], [[Kruostas]], [[Dotnuvėlė]], [[Smilga (river)|Smilga]], [[Šušvė]], [[Aluona]], [[Strūna]]
| tributaries_right = [[Juosta]], [[Kiršinas]], [[Liaudė]], [[Kruostas]], [[Dotnuvėlė]], [[Smilga (river)|Smilga]], [[Šušvė]], [[Aluona]], [[Strūna]]
}}
}}
⚫
The '''Nevėžis''' ({{IPAc-en|n|ɪ|ˈ|v|ɛ|ʒ|ɪ|s|,_|n|ɛ|-}}; {{IPA|lt|nʲɛˈvʲěːʑɪs|lang|Nevezis.ogg}}) is the [[List of rivers of Lithuania|sixth longest river]] in [[Lithuania]] and one of the main tributaries of the [[Neman (river)|Nemunas]]. The {{convert|209|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Nevėžis flows entirely within Lithuania.<ref name=yearbook>[https://osp.stat.gov.lt/services-portlet/pub-edition-file?id=2910 Statistical Yearbook of Lithuania 2014], p. 12</ref> Among the rivers that flow exclusively within Lithuania's borders, the Nevėžis is the second longest, after the [[Šventoji River|Šventoji]]. Its [[Source (river or stream)|source]] is in the [[Anykščiai District Municipality]]. The river first flows in a northwesterly direction, but at [[Panevėžys]] it turns southwest, and passing [[Kėdainiai]], flows into the Neman just west of [[Kaunas]] near [[Raudondvaris]].
<!-- End Infobox template table -->
⚫
The '''Nevėžis''' ({{IPA-lt|nʲɛˈvʲěːʑɪs|lang|Nevezis.ogg}}) is the [[List of rivers of Lithuania|sixth longest river]] in [[Lithuania]] and one of the main tributaries of the [[Neman (river)|Nemunas]]. The {{convert|209|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Nevėžis flows entirely within the geographical confines of Lithuania.<ref name=yearbook>[https://osp.stat.gov.lt/services-portlet/pub-edition-file?id=2910 Statistical Yearbook of Lithuania 2014], p. 12</ref> Among the rivers that flow exclusively within Lithuania's borders, the Nevėžis is the second longest, after the [[Šventoji River|Šventoji]]. Its [[Source (river or stream)|source]] is in the [[Anykščiai District Municipality]]. The river first flows in a northwesterly direction, but at [[Panevėžys]] it turns southwest, and passing [[Kėdainiai]], flows into the Neman just west of [[Kaunas]] near [[Raudondvaris]].


==Name==
==Name==
There is a popular misconception that the name ''Nevėžis'' means "a river without [[crayfish]]es" because ''vėžys'' is the [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] word for crayfish and ''ne'' means "no". In fact, the Nevėžis is known for its variety of [[fauna]] which include crayfish. Other ethimology suggested from [[proto-Baltic]] *''nevēźā-'' (ex. Lithuainian ''ne-vežti'' 'not to carry') and means 'slow, not-conveying river'.<ref>[[Vytautas Mažiulis]], [http://www.prusistika.flf.vu.lt/zodynas/paieska/ PKEŽ III 164–166]</ref> The Soviet-Belarusian geographer {{Ill|Vadim Zhuchkevich|ru|Жучкевич, Вадим Андреевич}} suggested that the name ''Nevėžis'' could be derived from a Finnish word ''nevo'' meaning "swamp".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Zhuchkevich |first=V. A. |title=Краткий топонимический словарь Белоруссии |year=1974 |location=Minsk |pages=253 |language=ru |trans-title=Brief Toponymic Dictionary of Belarus}}</ref> The upper river has swampy banks.<ref>Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. St. Petersburg, 1897. vol. 20, p. 810.</ref>
There is a popular misconception that the name ''Nevėžis'' means 'a river without [[crayfish]]' because ''vėžys'' is the [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] word for crayfish and ''ne'' means 'no'. In fact, the Nevėžis is known for its variety of [[fauna]] which include crayfish. Other ethimology suggested from [[Proto-Baltic]] *''nevēźā-'' (ex. Lithuainian ''ne-vežti'' 'not to carry') and means 'slow, not-conveying river'.<ref>[[Vytautas Mažiulis]], [http://www.prusistika.flf.vu.lt/zodynas/paieska/ PKEŽ III 164–166]</ref> The Soviet-Belarusian geographer {{Ill|Vadim Zhuchkevich|ru|Жучкевич, Вадим Андреевич}} suggested that the name ''Nevėžis'' could be derived from a Finnish word ''nevo'' meaning 'swamp'.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Zhuchkevich |first=V. A. |title=Краткий топонимический словарь Белоруссии |year=1974 |location=Minsk |pages=253 |language=ru |trans-title=Brief Toponymic Dictionary of Belarus}}</ref> The upper river has swampy banks.<ref>Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. St. Petersburg, 1897. vol. 20, p. 810.</ref>

The name also relate by ''N'' phoneme to the rivers ''[[Neris]]'' and ''[[Nemunas]]'' that takes flow of the other two.
The river gave name to many things including Panevėžys, the fifth largest city in Lithuania. Its name means "[Town] near Nevėžis." [[FK Nevėžis]] and [[KK Nevėžis]] are also named after the river. The Nevėžis is important in Lithuanian culture because it flows through the middle of Lithuania. During the Middle Ages, the river was considered to be a natural border between two [[regions of Lithuania]]: [[Samogitia]] and [[Aukštaitija]].
The river gave name to many things including Panevėžys, the fifth-largest city in Lithuania. Its name translates to '[Town] near Nevėžis'. [[FK Nevėžis]] and [[KK Nevėžis]] are also named after the river. The Nevėžis is important in Lithuanian culture because it flows through the middle of Lithuania. During the Middle Ages, the river was considered to be a natural border between two [[regions of Lithuania]]: [[Samogitia]] and [[Aukštaitija]].


==History==
==History==

Latest revision as of 09:14, 29 November 2024

For other uses, see Nevėžis (disambiguation).
Nevėžis
Nevėžis lower course in Kaunas District Municipality
Map of Nevėžis
Location
CountryLithuania
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationParaisčiai Mire, Anykščiai District Municipality
MouthNeman in Raudondvaris
 • coordinates
54°55′55″N 23°45′17″E / 54.9319°N 23.7546°E / 54.9319; 23.7546
Length209 km (130 mi)
Basin size6,140 km2 (2,370 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • average33.2 m3/s (1,170 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionNeman→ Baltic Sea
Tributaries 
 • leftAlanta, Juoda, Upytė, Linkava, Obelis, Barupė, Gynia
 • rightJuosta, Kiršinas, Liaudė, Kruostas, Dotnuvėlė, Smilga, Šušvė, Aluona, Strūna

The Nevėžis (/nɪˈvɛʒɪs, nɛ-/; Lithuanian: [nʲɛˈvʲěːʑɪs] ⓘ) is the sixth longest river in Lithuania and one of the main tributaries of the Nemunas. The 209 km (130 mi) long Nevėžis flows entirely within Lithuania.[1] Among the rivers that flow exclusively within Lithuania's borders, the Nevėžis is the second longest, after the Šventoji. Its source is in the Anykščiai District Municipality. The river first flows in a northwesterly direction, but at Panevėžys it turns southwest, and passing Kėdainiai, flows into the Neman just west of Kaunas near Raudondvaris.

Name

[edit]

There is a popular misconception that the name Nevėžis means 'a river without crayfish' because vėžys is the Lithuanian word for crayfish and ne means 'no'. In fact, the Nevėžis is known for its variety of fauna which include crayfish. Other ethimology suggested from Proto-Baltic *nevēźā- (ex. Lithuainian ne-vežti 'not to carry') and means 'slow, not-conveying river'.[2] The Soviet-Belarusian geographer Vadim Zhuchkevich [ru] suggested that the name Nevėžis could be derived from a Finnish word nevo meaning 'swamp'.[3] The upper river has swampy banks.[4]

The name also relate by N phoneme to the rivers Neris and Nemunas that takes flow of the other two.

The river gave name to many things including Panevėžys, the fifth-largest city in Lithuania. Its name translates to '[Town] near Nevėžis'. FK Nevėžis and KK Nevėžis are also named after the river. The Nevėžis is important in Lithuanian culture because it flows through the middle of Lithuania. During the Middle Ages, the river was considered to be a natural border between two regions of Lithuania: Samogitia and Aukštaitija.

History

[edit]
Main article: Treaty of Salynas

Natural environment

[edit]
The river in Kėdainiai

Nevėžis has about seventy tributaries. The largest are:

In 1992, the Krekenava Regional Park was established in order to preserve the Middle Nevėžis ecosystem and natural surroundings. The park is unique because it breeds and tries to protect from extinction wisents, the European bison.

Even with two canals supplying Nevėžis with water, it becomes very shallow during a drier summer. Regularly it is between 4 and 9 meters deep. In more recent years, a number of grass carp was introduced to the river for aquatic weed control. The Nevėžis, due to its low level of water, slow current, and influx of the run-off of fertilizers from agriculture, was becoming more and more overgrown with weeds.[5] It was hoped that the introduction of grass carp would help to control the process. Critics argued that the fish would not survive in the relatively cold climate. However, local fishermen still catch carp introduced several years ago.

Canals

[edit]
River Basin
The river in Kėdainiai district municipality

The Nevėžis is connected with two other large rivers by canals. In order to reduce floods on the Lėvuo river, the Sanžilė Canal was dug in 1930. A draft to connect these rivers was first written in 1797. The location was very convenient: about 9,000 years ago Nevėžis was a tributary to Lėvuo. The land between the rivers was low and there was a small Sanžilė rivulet which could serve as the basis for the new canal. In the 19th century the Neman delta belonged to the Germans. This was an obstacle in trading. The Russian Empire was looking for ways to direct ships from the Neman directly to the port of Riga. The plan was abandoned because of insufficient funds. The idea was revisited again in 1914, the preparations for construction started but were interrupted by World War I. After reclaiming the origin of the Lėvuo, heavy rains would cause the flood of as many as twenty villages. It was decided to dig an 8 km length canal. In 1961–63 another canal connecting the Nevėžis with the Šventoji was finished. It is 12 km in length. There is a pumping station near Kavarskas to supply the canal with water.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Statistical Yearbook of Lithuania 2014, p. 12
  2. ^ Vytautas Mažiulis, PKEŽ III 164–166
  3. ^ Zhuchkevich, V. A. (1974). Краткий топонимический словарь Белоруссии [Brief Toponymic Dictionary of Belarus] (in Russian). Minsk. p. 253.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. St. Petersburg, 1897. vol. 20, p. 810.
  5. ^ "Panevėžys, Lithuania takes action and benefits from investing in the Baltic Sea — Baltic Sea City Accelerator". Archived from the original on 2019-06-27.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nevėžis.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nevėžis&oldid=1260180618"