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{{Short description|15th century Albanian noblewoman}}
{{Short description|15th century Albanian Queen}}
{{Infobox nobility|type
{{Infobox royal
| consort = yes
| name = Andronika (Donika) Kastrioti
| title = Lady of Albania
| name = Andronika Arianiti
| image = Arolsen Klebeband 01 453 3.jpg
| title = Lady of Albania
| caption =
| image = Donika Kastrioti engraving.jpg
| alt =
| caption = 1596 engraving by [[Johann Theodor de Bry]] of Donika Kastrioti
| CoA =
| alt =
| more = no
| CoA =
| reign =
| more = no
| reign-type =
| reign = 1451-1468
| predecessor =
| tenure =
| successor =
| reign-type =
| predecessor = [[Voisava Kastrioti]]<br>(as Lady of Mat)
⚫
| suc-type =
| succession =
| successor = [[Theodora Muzaka]]
| spouse = [[Skanderbeg]]
| suc-type =
| succession = [[League of Lezhë|Lady of Albania]]
| spouse-type = Spouse
| issue = [[Gjon Kastrioti II]]
| spouse = [[Skanderbeg]]
| issue-link =
| spouse-type = Spouse
| issue-pipe =
| issue = [[Gjon Kastrioti II]]
| issue-link =
| full name = Andronika (Donika) Arianiti-Comneniates Muzaka
| styles =
| issue-pipe =
| titles =
| full name = Andronika Arianiti Comninata
⚫
| styles =
⚫
| noble family = [[File:Arianiti.svg|20px]] [[Arianiti family|Arianiti]] (paternally)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the Muzaka Family.svg|20px]] [[Muzaka family|Muzaka]] (maternally)<br>[[File:Coa Kastrioti Family.svg|20px]] [[Kastrioti family|Kastrioti]] (by marriage)
| house-type =
| titles =
⚫
| house = [[File:Arianiti.svg|20px]] [[Arianiti family|Arianiti]] (paternally)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the Muzaka Family.svg|20px]] [[Muzaka family|Muzaka]] (maternally)<br>[[File:Coa Kastrioti Family.svg|20px]] [[Kastrioti family|Kastrioti]] (by marriage)
| father = [[Gjergj Arianiti]]
| mother = Maria Muzaka
| house-type =
| birth_date = 1428
| father = [[Gjergj Arianiti]]
| birth_place = [[Kaninë]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
| mother = [[Maria Muzaka]]
| christening_date =
| birth_date = 1428
| birth_place = [[Kaninë]], [[Ottoman Empire]] (modern day [[Albania]])
| christening_date =
| christening_place =
| christening_place =
| death_date = 1506
| death_date = 1506 (Aged 78)
| death_place = [[Valencia]], [[Kingdom of Valencia]]
| death_place = [[Valencia]], [[Kingdom of Valencia]]
| burial_date = Royal Monastery of the Holy Trinity (Valencia)
| burial_date =
| burial_place = Royal Monastery of the Holy Trinity
| burial_place =
| occupation =
| occupation =
| religion = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
}}
}}


'''Andronika Arianiti''', also known as Donika Kastrioti, {{cref2|a}} (born 1428 – died 1506) was an [[Albanians|Albanian]] noblewoman and the spouse of Albanian leader [[Skanderbeg]] (born Gjergj Kastrioti). She was the daughter of [[Gjergj Arianiti]], an earlier leader in the ongoing revolt against the Ottomans.
'''Andronika "Donika" Arianiti,''' commonly known as Donika Kastrioti{{cref2|a}}, (1428 – 1506) was an [[Albanians|Albanian]] noblewoman and Grand Princess of Albania from her marriage to [[Skanderbeg]]. She was the daughter of [[Gjergj Arianiti]], an earlier leader in the ongoing revolt against the Ottomans, and [[Maria Muzaka]], whose family ruled under the title of despots in the southern part of the country.


==Life==
==Life==
[[File:Dasma e Skenderbeut — Skanderbeg's wedding.png|300px|left|thumb| The wedding of Donika and [[Skanderbeg]] in 1451]]
[[File:Dasma e Skenderbeut — Skanderbeg's wedding.png|300px|left|thumb| The wedding of Donika and [[Skanderbeg]] in 1451]]


Donika was born in [[Kaninë]], in 1428. Her father, [[Gjergj Arianiti]] was a member of the [[Arianiti family]] whose domain stretched across the [[Shkumbin]] valley and the old [[Via Egnatia]] road and reached to the east today's [[Bitola]]. Her mother, Maria Muzaka was a member of the [[Muzaka family]] whose domain was the [[Myzeqe]] region.<ref name="Anamali">{{citation|last=Anamali|first=Skënder|title=Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime|volume=I|year=2002|pages=255–257|publisher=Botimet Toena|language=Albanian|oclc=52411919}}</ref>
Donika was born in [[Kaninë]], in 1428. Her father, [[Gjergj Arianiti]] was a member of the [[Arianiti family]] whose domain stretched across the [[Shkumbin]] valley and the old [[Via Egnatia]] road and reached to the east today's [[Bitola]]. Her mother, [[Maria Muzaka]] was a member of the [[Muzaka family]] whose domain was the [[Myzeqe]] region.<ref name="Anamali">{{citation|last=Anamali|first=Skënder|title=Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime|volume=I|year=2002|pages=255–257|publisher=Botimet Toena|language=Albanian|oclc=52411919}}</ref>


A month after the [[Treaty of Gaeta]], on 21 April 1451, [[Skanderbeg]] married Donika, and thus strengthened the ties with the Arianiti family,<ref name="Frashëri2002p181">{{harvnb|Frashëri|2002|p=181}}</ref> in the [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[Ardenica Monastery]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology, and folk culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aAtQZ0vjf5gC|year=2000|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=0-8147-2214-8|page=14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shqiperia.com/arkeologjia/ardenica.php|title=Manastiri i Ardenices|last=Gjika|first=Ilirjan|language=Albanian|accessdate=28 July 2010}}</ref> in [[Lushnje]], present-day southwestern Albania. Later her sister [[Angelina of Serbia|Angelina]] married Serbian ruler [[Stefan Branković]]. She is venerated as a saint in the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]].<ref name="Elsie2001">{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology and folk culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N_IXHrXIsYkC&q=Angelina|accessdate=26 November 2010|year=2001|publisher=C. Hurst|isbn=978-1-85065-570-1|page=9}}</ref>
A month after the [[Treaty of Gaeta]], on 21 April 1451, [[Skanderbeg]] married Donika, and thus strengthened the ties with the Arianiti family,<ref name="Frashëri2002p181">{{Citation|last=Frashëri|first=Kristo |title=Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu: jeta dhe vepra, 1405–1468|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vwR3PQAACAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Botimet Toena|language=sq|isbn=99927-1-627-4|page=181}}</ref> in the [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[Ardenica Monastery]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology, and folk culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aAtQZ0vjf5gC|year=2000|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=0-8147-2214-8|page=14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shqiperia.com/arkeologjia/ardenica.php|title=Manastiri i Ardenices|last=Gjika|first=Ilirjan|language=Albanian|accessdate=28 July 2010}}</ref> in [[Lushnje]], present-day southwestern Albania. Later her sister [[Angelina of Serbia|Angelina]] married Serbian ruler [[Stefan Branković]]. She is venerated as a saint in the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]].<ref name="Elsie2001">{{cite book|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology and folk culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N_IXHrXIsYkC&q=Angelina|accessdate=26 November 2010|year=2001|publisher=C. Hurst|isbn=978-1-85065-570-1|page=9}}</ref>


After the Ottoman conquest of Albania, the Kastriotis were given peerage in the [[Kingdom of Naples]].<ref name=Gibbon1901p467>{{harvnb|Gibbon|1901|p=467}}</ref> They obtained a feudal domain, the Duchy of [[San Pietro in Galatina]] and the County of [[Soleto]] ([[Province of Lecce]], Italy).<ref name=Runciman1990pp183185>{{harvnb|Runciman|1990|pp=183–185}}</ref> Gjon Kastrioti II, Donika's and Skanderbeg's only child, married Irene Branković Palaiologina, the daughter of [[Lazar Branković]], [[Despot of Serbia]].<ref name=Runciman1990pp183185/>
After the Ottoman conquest of Albania, the Kastriotis were given peerage in the [[Kingdom of Naples]].<ref name=Gibbon1901p467>{{Citation|last=Gibbon|first=Edward|title=The decline and fall of the Roman empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b8ETAAAAYAAJ|year=1901|orig-year=1802|publisher=P. F. Collier & Son|oclc=317326240|page=467}}</ref> They obtained a feudal domain, the Duchy of [[San Pietro in Galatina]] and the County of [[Soleto]] ([[Province of Lecce]], Italy).<ref name=Runciman1990pp183185>{{Citation|last=Runciman|first=Steven|title=The fall of Constantinople, 1453|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BAzntP0lg58C|year=1990|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-39832-9 |pages=183–185}}</ref> Gjon Kastrioti II, Donika's and Skanderbeg's only child, married [[Jerina Branković (wife of Gjon Kastrioti II)|Jerina Branković]], the daughter of [[Lazar Branković]], [[Despot of Serbia]].<ref name=Runciman1990pp183185/>

Donika had a close friendship with the second wife of [[Ferdinand I of Naples|King Ferdinand I of Naples]], [[Joanna of Aragon, Queen of Naples|Joanna of Aragon]] who is also the sister of [[Ferdinand I of Aragon|Ferdinand of Aragon]]. After the beginning of the [[Italian War of 1494–1498]], Donika was forced to leave Naples and arrived in Valencia around 1501 along with her grandchild, Alonso Kastrioti.<ref>{{YouTube|id=To6mSK36vII|title=The Untold Story: Skanderbeg’s Wife’s Life and Death in Exile}}</ref> They found refuge in the royal palace.


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}
{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}
{{Cnote2|a|Her name is mentioned as ''Andronica Comneniates'' in [[Gjon Muzaka]]'s work about the [[Muzaka family]].<ref>[http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts16-18/AH1515.html John Musachi: Brief Chronicle on the Descendants of our Musachi Dynasty] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910095427/http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts16-18/AH1515.html |date=September 10, 2010 }}</ref> [[Oliver Jens Schmitt]] names her ''Andronika Arianiti'' in his biographical work on Skanderbeg.<ref>Schmitt Oliver, Skanderbeg, Der neue Alexander auf dem Balkan, Verlag Friedrich Pustet, 2009, p. 45</ref>}}
{{Cnote2|a|Her name is mentioned as ''Andronica Comneniates'' in [[Gjon Muzaka]]'s work about the [[Muzaka family]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts16-18/AH1515.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910095427/http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts16-18/AH1515.html|url-status=dead|title=John Musachi: Brief Chronicle on the Descendants of our Musachi Dynasty|archivedate=September 10, 2010}}</ref> [[Oliver Jens Schmitt]] names her ''Andronika Arianiti'' in his biographical work on Skanderbeg.<ref>Schmitt Oliver, Skanderbeg, Der neue Alexander auf dem Balkan, Verlag Friedrich Pustet, 2009, p. 45</ref>}}
{{Cnote2 End}}
{{Cnote2 End}}


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{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{commonscatinline|Andronika Arianiti}}
{{commons category-inline|Andronika Arianiti}}


{{Kastrioti family}}
{{Kastrioti family}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kastrioti, Donika}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kastrioti, Donika}}
[[Category:15th-century Albanian people]]
[[Category:15th-century Albanian people]]
[[Category:15th-century Albanian women]]
[[Category:15th-century women]]
[[Category:15th-century women]]
[[Category:Arianiti family]]
[[Category:House of Kastrioti|Donika]]
[[Category:House of Kastrioti|Donika]]
[[Category:Albanian Christians]]
[[Category:Albanian Christians]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Albania]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Albania]]
[[Category:1428 births]]
[[Category:1428 births]]
⚫
[[Category:Year of death missing]]
[[Category:People from Vlorë]]
[[Category:People from Vlorë]]
[[Category:Princesses consort of Albania|D]]
[[Category:Princesses consort of Albania|D]]
⚫
[[Category:1506 deaths]]
[[Category:Albanian royal consorts]]

{{Albania-noble-stub}}

Latest revision as of 21:31, 11 December 2024

Andronika Arianiti
Lady of Albania
1596 engraving by Johann Theodor de Bry of Donika Kastrioti
Lady of Albania
Tenure1451-1468
PredecessorVoisava Kastrioti
(as Lady of Mat)
SuccessorTheodora Muzaka
Born1428
Kaninë, Ottoman Empire (modern day Albania)
Died1506 (Aged 78)
Valencia, Kingdom of Valencia
Burial
Royal Monastery of the Holy Trinity
SpouseSkanderbeg
IssueGjon Kastrioti II
Names
Andronika Arianiti Comninata
House Arianiti (paternally)
Muzaka (maternally)
Kastrioti (by marriage)
FatherGjergj Arianiti
MotherMaria Muzaka
ReligionEastern Orthodoxy

Andronika "Donika" Arianiti, commonly known as Donika Kastrioti[a], (1428 – 1506) was an Albanian noblewoman and Grand Princess of Albania from her marriage to Skanderbeg. She was the daughter of Gjergj Arianiti, an earlier leader in the ongoing revolt against the Ottomans, and Maria Muzaka, whose family ruled under the title of despots in the southern part of the country.

Life

[edit]
The wedding of Donika and Skanderbeg in 1451

Donika was born in Kaninë, in 1428. Her father, Gjergj Arianiti was a member of the Arianiti family whose domain stretched across the Shkumbin valley and the old Via Egnatia road and reached to the east today's Bitola. Her mother, Maria Muzaka was a member of the Muzaka family whose domain was the Myzeqe region.[1]

A month after the Treaty of Gaeta, on 21 April 1451, Skanderbeg married Donika, and thus strengthened the ties with the Arianiti family,[2] in the Eastern Orthodox Ardenica Monastery,[3][4] in Lushnje, present-day southwestern Albania. Later her sister Angelina married Serbian ruler Stefan Branković. She is venerated as a saint in the Serbian Orthodox Church.[5]

After the Ottoman conquest of Albania, the Kastriotis were given peerage in the Kingdom of Naples.[6] They obtained a feudal domain, the Duchy of San Pietro in Galatina and the County of Soleto (Province of Lecce, Italy).[7] Gjon Kastrioti II, Donika's and Skanderbeg's only child, married Jerina Branković, the daughter of Lazar Branković, Despot of Serbia.[7]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^
    Her name is mentioned as Andronica Comneniates in Gjon Muzaka's work about the Muzaka family.[8] Oliver Jens Schmitt names her Andronika Arianiti in his biographical work on Skanderbeg.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Anamali, Skënder (2002), Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime (in Albanian), vol. I, Botimet Toena, pp. 255–257, OCLC 52411919
  2. ^ Frashëri, Kristo (2002), Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu: jeta dhe vepra, 1405–1468 (in Albanian), Botimet Toena, p. 181, ISBN 99927-1-627-4
  3. ^ Elsie, Robert (2000). A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology, and folk culture. New York University Press. p. 14. ISBN 0-8147-2214-8.
  4. ^ Gjika, Ilirjan. "Manastiri i Ardenices" (in Albanian). Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  5. ^ Elsie, Robert (2001). A dictionary of Albanian religion, mythology and folk culture. C. Hurst. p. 9. ISBN 978-1-85065-570-1. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  6. ^ Gibbon, Edward (1901) [1802], The decline and fall of the Roman empire, P. F. Collier & Son, p. 467, OCLC 317326240
  7. ^ a b Runciman, Steven (1990), The fall of Constantinople, 1453, Cambridge University Press, pp. 183–185, ISBN 978-0-521-39832-9
  8. ^ "John Musachi: Brief Chronicle on the Descendants of our Musachi Dynasty". Archived from the original on September 10, 2010.
  9. ^ Schmitt Oliver, Skanderbeg, Der neue Alexander auf dem Balkan, Verlag Friedrich Pustet, 2009, p. 45

Media related to Andronika Arianiti at Wikimedia Commons

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