Calendar year: Difference between revisions
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Generally speaking, a '''calendar year''' begins on the [[New Year's Day]] of the given [[calendar]] system and ends on the day before the following New Year's Day,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/calendar%20year | title=calendar year | publisher=Merriam-Webster | accessdate=6 August 2014}}</ref> and thus consists of a whole number of days. To reconcile the calendar year with the astronomical cycle (which has a fractional number of days) certain years contain [[Intercalation (timekeeping)|extra days]]. |
Generally speaking, a '''calendar year''' begins on the [[New Year's Day]] of the given [[calendar]] system and ends on the day before the following New Year's Day,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/calendar%20year | title=calendar year | publisher=Merriam-Webster | accessdate=6 August 2014}}</ref> and thus consists of a whole number of days. To reconcile the calendar year with the astronomical cycle (which has a fractional number of days) certain years contain [[Intercalation (timekeeping)|extra days]].<ref>Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb. (2014). [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2014.930034 Calendars Tell History: Social Rhythm and Social Change in Rural Pakistan]. ''History and Anthropology'' 25(5): 592-613.</ref> |
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The [[Gregorian calendar|Gregorian]] year, which is in use in most of the world, begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. It has a length of 365 days in an [[common year|ordinary year]], with 8,760 hours, 525,600 minutes, and 31,536,000 seconds; but 366 days in a [[leap year]], with 8,784 hours, 527,040 minutes, and 31,622,400 seconds. With 97 leap years every 400 years, the year has an average length of 365.2425 days. Other formula-based calendars can have lengths which are further out of step with the solar cycle: for example, the [[Julian calendar]] has an average length of 365.25 days, and the [[Hebrew calendar]] has an average length of 365.2468 days. |
The [[Gregorian calendar|Gregorian]] year, which is in use in most of the world, begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. It has a length of 365 days in an [[common year|ordinary year]], with 8,760 hours, 525,600 minutes, and 31,536,000 seconds; but 366 days in a [[leap year]], with 8,784 hours, 527,040 minutes, and 31,622,400 seconds. With 97 leap years every 400 years, the year has an average length of 365.2425 days. Other formula-based calendars can have lengths which are further out of step with the solar cycle: for example, the [[Julian calendar]] has an average length of 365.25 days, and the [[Hebrew calendar]] has an average length of 365.2468 days. |
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Revision as of 15:24, 6 May 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2009) |
Generally speaking, a calendar year begins on the New Year's Day of the given calendar system and ends on the day before the following New Year's Day,[1] and thus consists of a whole number of days. To reconcile the calendar year with the astronomical cycle (which has a fractional number of days) certain years contain extra days.[2]
The Gregorian year, which is in use in most of the world, begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. It has a length of 365 days in an ordinary year, with 8,760 hours, 525,600 minutes, and 31,536,000 seconds; but 366 days in a leap year, with 8,784 hours, 527,040 minutes, and 31,622,400 seconds. With 97 leap years every 400 years, the year has an average length of 365.2425 days. Other formula-based calendars can have lengths which are further out of step with the solar cycle: for example, the Julian calendar has an average length of 365.25 days, and the Hebrew calendar has an average length of 365.2468 days.
The astronomer's mean tropical year which is averaged over equinoxes and solstices is currently 365.24219 days, slightly shorter than the average length of the year in most calendars, but the astronomer's value changes over time, so William Herschel's suggested correction to the Gregorian calendar may become unnecessary by the year 4000.
Quarters
The calendar year can be divided into 4 quarters, often abbreviated Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4.
- First quarter / Q1: from the beginning of January to the end of March (01/01 – 03/31), 90 days or 91 days on leap years
- Second quarter / Q2: from the beginning of April to the end of June (04/01 – 06/30), 91 days
- Third quarter / Q3: from the beginning of July to the end of September (07/01 – 09/30), 92 days
- Fourth quarter / Q4: from the beginning of October to the end of December (10/01 – 12/31), 92 days
References
- ^ "calendar year". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb. (2014). Calendars Tell History: Social Rhythm and Social Change in Rural Pakistan. History and Anthropology 25(5): 592-613.