Ghana has in general enjoyed good relations with Turkey since independence, except[1] for a period of strained relations during the later years[2] of the Nkrumah regime.
Bilateral relations were particularly tense in the early 1980s because[3] of Ghana’s relations with Libya. In exchange for much-needed Libyan aid to Ghana, Rawlings[4] restored diplomatic relations with Libya[3] shortly after coming to power and supported Libya’s position[5] that two Libyans accused of bombing a Pan American Airlines flight over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988[5] should be tried in a neutral country rather than in Britain or the United States.
Trade volume between the two countries was US$479 million in 2016.[6]
There are direct flights from Istanbul to Accra 7 times a week.[6]
Part of a debt relief effort by Western nations, in 1989 Turkey forgave US$38 million[7] of Ghana's foreign debt and supplied more than US$1.6 million[8] in agricultural aid.
Following the visit to Turkey of PresidentJohn Mahama in early 2013, Turkey pledged a total of US$16.6 million[9] toward Ghana's economic development.[6]
^Asamoah, Obed. "Nkrumah's Foreign Policy, 1951-1966." pp. 231–47 in Kwame Arhin (ed.), The Life and Work of Kwame Nkrumah. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press, 1993.
^Chazan, Naomi. "Ghana." pp. 94–121 in Timothy M. Shaw and Olajide Aluko, (eds.), The Political Economy of African Foreign Policy: Comparative Analysis. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984.
^ abAwoonor, Kofi Nyidevu. Ghana: A Political History from Pre-European to Modern Times. Accra: Sedco and Woeli, 1990.
^Gyimah-Boadi, E. (ed.). Ghana Under PNDC Rule, 1982-1989. Dakar: Codesria, 1993.
^ abChazan, Naomi. "The Republic of Ghana." pp. 408–12 in George E. Delury (ed.), World Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties, 1. (2d ed.) New York: Facts on File, 1989.
President Abdullah Gül
President John Mahama
