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119th United States Congress

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119th United States Congress
118th ←
→ 120th

January 3, 2025 – January 3, 2027
Members100 senators
435 representatives
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentKamala Harris[a] (D)
(until January 20, 2025)
JD Vance (R)
(from January 20, 2025)
House majorityRepublican
House SpeakerTBD
Sessions
1st: January 3, 2025 – TBD

The 119th United States Congress will be the next two-year term of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It is scheduled to meet in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2025, to January 3, 2027, beginning its term during the final 17 days of Joe Biden's presidency and the first two years of Donald Trump's second presidency.

The Republican Party is projected to retain their majority in the House, become the majority in the Senate, and upon the inauguration of Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, are in line to attain an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 115th Congress in 2017, during which Trump was inaugurated for his first term. The 119th Congress will have just three states – Maine, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin – with senators from different parties, the lowest number of split delegations since direct popular election of senators began in 1914.[1]

Major events

Leadership

Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".

Senate

Senate President
VP Kamala Harris
Kamala Harris (D),
until January 20, 2025
VP JD Vance
JD Vance (R),
from January 20, 2025

Presiding

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership [3][4]

House of Representatives

Presiding

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2024 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2030; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2026; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2028.

House of Representatives

All 435 seats will be filled by election in November 2024.

Changes in membership

Senate

Senate changes
State
(class)
Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[g]
Ohio
(3)
JD Vance
(R)
Incumbent will resign before January 20, 2025, to become Vice President of the United States.[7]
Successor will be appointed to continue the term.[8]
Florida
(3)
Marco Rubio
(R)
Incumbent will resign TBD, to become United States Secretary of State, if confirmed by the Senate.[9]
Successor will be appointed to continue the term.[10]

House of Representatives

House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[g]
Florida 1 Vacant Matt Gaetz (R) declined to take office after being re-elected.[11]
A special election will be held on April 1, 2025.
Florida 6 Michael Waltz
(R)
Incumbent will resign on January 20, 2025, to become National Security Advisor.[12][13]
A special election will be held on April 1, 2025.
New York 21 Elise Stefanik
(R)
Incumbent will resign TBD, to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, if confirmed by the Senate.[14]
A special election will be held on a date TBD.

Committees

Senate

Committee Chair Ranking Member
Aging (Special) TBD TBD
Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry TBD TBD
Appropriations TBD TBD
Armed Services TBD TBD
Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs TBD TBD
Budget TBD TBD
Commerce, Science and Transportation TBD TBD
Energy and Natural Resources TBD TBD
Environment and Public Works TBD TBD
Ethics (Select) TBD TBD
Finance TBD TBD
Foreign Relations TBD TBD
Health, Education, Labor and Pensions TBD TBD
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs TBD TBD
Indian Affairs (Permanent Select) TBD TBD
Intelligence (Select) TBD TBD
International Narcotics Control (Permanent Caucus) TBD TBD
Judiciary TBD TBD
Rules and Administration TBD TBD
Small Business and Entrepreneurship TBD TBD
Veterans' Affairs TBD TBD

House of Representatives

Committee Chair Ranking Member
Agriculture TBD TBD
Appropriations TBD TBD
Armed Services TBD TBD
Budget TBD TBD
Climate Crisis (Select) TBD TBD
Economic Disparity and Fairness in Growth (Select) TBD TBD
Education and the Workforce TBD TBD
Energy and Commerce TBD TBD
Ethics TBD TBD
Financial Services TBD TBD
Foreign Affairs TBD TBD
Homeland Security TBD TBD
House Administration TBD TBD
Intelligence (Permanent Select) TBD TBD
Judiciary TBD TBD
Modernization of Congress (Select) TBD TBD
Natural Resources TBD TBD
Oversight and Reform TBD TBD
Rules TBD TBD
Science, Space and Technology TBD TBD
Small Business TBD TBD
Transportation and Infrastructure TBD TBD
Veterans' Affairs TBD TBD
Ways and Means TBD TBD

Joint

Committee Chair Vice Chair Ranking Member Vice Ranking Member
Economic TBD TBD TBD TBD
Inaugural Ceremonies (Special)
Until January 20, 2025
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE)
Library TBD TBD TBD TBD
Printing TBD TBD TBD TBD
Taxation[h] TBD TBD TBD TBD

Officers and officials

Congress

Senate

House of Representatives

Elections

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Vice President Kamala Harris's term as President of the Senate will end at noon January 20, 2025, when JD Vance's term is scheduled to begin.
  2. ^ Marco Rubio was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Secretary of State in his second term. Once he is set to be confirmed, he will vacate his Senate seat and governor Ron DeSantis will appoint an interim successor.
  3. ^ a b c d e f The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is the Minnesota affiliate of the U.S. Democratic Party and its members are counted as Democrats.
  4. ^ JD Vance was elected vice president of the United States in the 2024 presidential election. He is set to vacate his Senate seat on or before January 20, 2025, and governor Mike DeWine will appoint an interim successor.
  5. ^ Elise Stefanik was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Ambassador to the United Nations in his second term. Once she is set to be confirmed, she will resign her seat, and a special election will be held TBD.
  6. ^ Puerto Rico's non-voting member, the Resident Commissioner, is elected every four years. This is the only member of the House to serve four-year terms.
  7. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
  8. ^ The Joint Taxation Committee leadership rotate the chair and vice chair and the ranking members between the House and Senate at the start of each session in the middle of the congressional term. The first session leadership is shown here.

References

  1. ^ DeSilver, Drew (November 26, 2024). "2024 elections show more partisan splits between states' presidential and Senate votes than in recent past". Pew Research Center. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  2. ^ "Thune elected to replace McConnell as next Senate GOP leader". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  3. ^ King, Ryan (December 3, 2024). "Chuck Schumer unanimously reelected Senate Dem leader". Retrieved December 3, 2024.
  4. ^ "Schumer reelected as Senate Democratic leader". POLITICO. December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
  5. ^ "House GOP nominates Johnson for speaker, taps McClain for conference chair". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 20, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  6. ^ "House Democrats hold low-fuss leadership elections". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  7. ^ "JD Vance elected Vice President". CNN. November 6, 2024. Archived from the original on November 6, 2024. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
  8. ^ "Replacing Vance in Senate will be DeWine's decision". The Review. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  9. ^ Whisnant, Gabe (November 11, 2024). "Marco Rubio to Be Picked as Donald Trump's Secretary of State". Newsweek. Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  10. ^ "DeSantis aims to appoint Marco Rubio's Senate replacement by early January". APnews. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  11. ^ McIntire, Mary Ellen (November 22, 2024). "Matt Gaetz says he won't return to Congress next year". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 23, 2024. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  12. ^ Faguy, Ana (November 11, 2024). "Trump taps Michael Waltz as next US national security adviser". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  13. ^ Brooks, Emily (November 25, 2024). "Mike Waltz to resign from House day of inauguration to join Trump administration". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  14. ^ Nelson, Steven (November 11, 2024). "Trump confirms NYer Elise Stefanik will be his enforcer at the UN: 'Strong, tough, and smart'". New York Post. Archived from the original on November 11, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.