A geological map of the Michigan Basin.

Source: Michigan Basin archive copy at the Wayback Machine, The North American Tapestry of Time and Terrain, United States Department of the Interior. Text from this web page follows below.

A giant incomplete bull's-eye is centered on the state of Michigan. Radiating outward to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Ontario, this annular pattern outlines the Michigan Basin. The Basin is a bowl-shaped structure of uncertain origin that contains over 2.5 miles (4 km) of inward-dipping Paleozoic strata and a veneer of Jurassic sedimentary rocks. This curious basin is located in the less tectonically-active interior of the continent, bordered by the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains. It subsided rapidly from Cambrian to Silurian time and filled with shallow-water marine sediments, some of which contain deposits of petroleum, coal, and salt.

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