Oteseconazole

Oteseconazole
Clinical data
Trade names	Vivjoa
Other names	VT-1161
License data	US DailyMed: Oteseconazole;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
Drug class	Antifungal
ATC code	J02AC06 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2R)-2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-1-[5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl]pyridin-2-yl]propan-2-ol;
CAS Number	1340593-59-0;
PubChem CID	77050711;
DrugBank	DB13055;
ChemSpider	52083215;
UNII	VHH774W97N;
KEGG	D11785;
ChEBI	CHEBI:188153;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL3311228;
ECHA InfoCard	100.277.989
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C23H16F7N5O2
Molar mass	527.403 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CN=C(C=C2)C([C@](CN3C=NN=N3)(C4=C(C=C(C=C4)F)F)O)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F;
	InChI InChI=1S/C23H16F7N5O2/c24-16-4-7-18(19(25)9-16)21(36,11-35-13-32-33-34-35)23(29,30)20-8-3-15(10-31-20)14-1-5-17(6-2-14)37-12-22(26,27)28/h1-10,13,36H,11-12H2/t21-/m0/s1; Key:IDUYJRXRDSPPRC-NRFANRHFSA-N;

Oteseconazole, a novel tetrazole containing orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), has shown promising efficacy in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC).^[2]^[3]

Marketed under the brand name Vivjoa, this medication was developed by Mycovia Pharmaceuticals and received approval for medicinal use from United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) in April 2022.^[1]^[4]^[5]

Society and culture

Names

Oteseconazole is the international nonproprietary name (INN).^[6]

Mechanism of action

Oteseconazole targets cytochrome P450 enzymes 51 (CYP51), which a play crucial role in maintaining the integrity and growth of fungal cell membranes. Through inhibition of these enzymes, oteseconazole prevents the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes development. This disruption in ergosterol production leads to fungal membranes permeability, ultimately causing cell death.^[2]^[3]^[7]

Oteseconazole exhibits selective inhibition of fungal CYP51 and has shown remarkable potency against Candida species during in vitro pharmacological studies.^[8] This targeted action of oteseconazole makes it a highly effective choice for treating RVVC.^[2]^[9] Additionally, oteseconazole was found to possess superior activity against certain fungi, such as Candida glabrata compared to commonly used antifungals.^[10]

Adverse effect and interaction

Oteseconazole has exhibited an outstanding tolerability profile and a low occurrence of adverse effects in clinical trials. In a phase 3 study, the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was comparable between the oteseconazole and fluconazole/placebo groups, with the majority of TEAEs being of mild or moderate severity.^[9] No serious adverse events related to the drug, as well as no adverse effects on liver function or QT intervals, were reported.^[9] However, as with any medication, there is a potential risk of adverse effects. Therefore, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider prior to initiating oteseconazole or any other medication.

There is currently limited information available on oteseconazole interactions with other medications. The prescribing information for oteseconazole indicates that it is a moderate inhibitor of the CYP3A4 enzyme, suggesting that it may potentially increase the exposure of co-administered medications that are primarily metabolized by CYP3A4.^[3] Therefore, patients who are taking medications metabolized by CYP3A4 should be closely monitored for any signs of toxicity or adverse effects when using oteseconazole.^[3] It is crucial to have a discussion with a healthcare provider about the use of any medications or supplements to ensure safe and effective usage.

References

^ ^a ^b "Vivjoa- oteseconazole capsule". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 12 July 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sobel JD, Nyirjesy P (December 2021). "Oteseconazole: an advance in treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis". Future Microbiology. 16 (18): 1453–1461. doi:10.2217/fmb-2021-0173. PMID 34783586. S2CID 244131114.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d De SK (2023). "Oteseconazole: First Approved Orally Bioavailable and Selective CYP51 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Patients with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 30 (37): 4170–4175. doi:10.2174/0929867330666230220130024. PMID 36803759. S2CID 257066627.
^ "Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs". www.accessdata.fda.gov. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
^ "FDA Approves Mycovia Pharmaceuticals' VIVJOA™ (oteseconazole), the First and Only FDA-Approved Medication for Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (Chronic Yeast Infection)". www.businesswire.com. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
^ World Health Organization (2016). "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 76". WHO Drug Information. 30 (3). hdl:10665/331020.
^ Butler SK, Ayinon C (November 2022). "Treating recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis". OBG Manag. 34 (11): 22–24, 28–30, 32. doi:10.12788/obgm.0238. S2CID 257013981. Retrieved 26 June 2023 – via www.mdedge.com.
^ Neha, Kumar S, Madaan V, Sharma DV, Sharma DM, Soni SL, Sharma AK (15 September 2022). "Oteseconazole: A Review". Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research. 11 (5). doi:10.32553/jbpr.v11i5.918. ISSN 2279-0594. S2CID 252343000.
^ ^a ^b ^c Martens MG, Maximos B, Degenhardt T, Person K, Curelop S, Ghannoum M, Brand S (November 2021). "107. A phase 3, randomized, double-blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oteseconazole (VT-1161) oral capsules versus fluconazole and placebo in the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episodes in subjects with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (ultraViolet)". Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 8 (Supplement_1). US: Oxford University Press: S66–S67. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab466.107. PMC 8644338.
^ Gupta AK, Talukder M, Venkataraman M (December 2022). "Review of the alternative therapies for onychomycosis and superficial fungal infections: posaconazole, fosravuconazole, voriconazole, oteseconazole". International Journal of Dermatology. 61 (12): 1431–1441. doi:10.1111/ijd.15999. PMID 34882787. S2CID 245013623.

External links

"Oteseconazole". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Clinical trial number NCT03562156 for "A Study of Oral Oteseconazole for the Treatment of Patients With Recurrent Vaginal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) (VIOLET)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT03561701 for "A Study of Oral Oteseconazole (VT-1161) for the Treatment of Patients With Recurrent Vaginal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) (VIOLET)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT03840616 for "Study of Oral Oteseconazole (VT-1161) for Acute Yeast Infections in Patients With Recurrent Yeast Infections (ultraVIOLET)" at ClinicalTrials.gov

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[Vivjoa_FDA_label-1] "Vivjoa- oteseconazole capsule". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 12 July 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.

[Sobel_2021-2] Sobel JD, Nyirjesy P (December 2021). "Oteseconazole: an advance in treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis". Future Microbiology. 16 (18): 1453–1461. doi:10.2217/fmb-2021-0173. PMID 34783586. S2CID 244131114.

[De_2023-3] De SK (2023). "Oteseconazole: First Approved Orally Bioavailable and Selective CYP51 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Patients with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 30 (37): 4170–4175. doi:10.2174/0929867330666230220130024. PMID 36803759. S2CID 257066627.

[4] "Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs". www.accessdata.fda.gov. Retrieved 26 June 2023.

[5] "FDA Approves Mycovia Pharmaceuticals' VIVJOA™ (oteseconazole), the First and Only FDA-Approved Medication for Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (Chronic Yeast Infection)". www.businesswire.com. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2023.

[6] World Health Organization (2016). "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 76". WHO Drug Information. 30 (3). hdl:10665/331020.

[7] Butler SK, Ayinon C (November 2022). "Treating recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis". OBG Manag. 34 (11): 22–24, 28–30, 32. doi:10.12788/obgm.0238. S2CID 257013981. Retrieved 26 June 2023 – via www.mdedge.com.

[8] Neha, Kumar S, Madaan V, Sharma DV, Sharma DM, Soni SL, Sharma AK (15 September 2022). "Oteseconazole: A Review". Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research. 11 (5). doi:10.32553/jbpr.v11i5.918. ISSN 2279-0594. S2CID 252343000.

[Martens_2021-9] Martens MG, Maximos B, Degenhardt T, Person K, Curelop S, Ghannoum M, Brand S (November 2021). "107. A phase 3, randomized, double-blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oteseconazole (VT-1161) oral capsules versus fluconazole and placebo in the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episodes in subjects with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (ultraViolet)". Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 8 (Supplement_1). US: Oxford University Press: S66–S67. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab466.107. PMC 8644338.

[10] Gupta AK, Talukder M, Venkataraman M (December 2022). "Review of the alternative therapies for onychomycosis and superficial fungal infections: posaconazole, fosravuconazole, voriconazole, oteseconazole". International Journal of Dermatology. 61 (12): 1431–1441. doi:10.1111/ijd.15999. PMID 34882787. S2CID 245013623.

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