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'{{About|Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario|other universities with this name|Queen's University (disambiguation)}} {{good article}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}} {{Infobox university |name = '''Queen's University at Kingston''' |image_name = QueensU Crest.svg |image_size = 150px |motto = {{lang-la|Sapientia et Doctrina Stabilitas}} |mottoeng = Wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of thy times<ref name=mottos /> |established = 16 October 1841<ref name=hist /> |type = [[Public university]] |chancellor = James Leech |principal = [[Daniel Woolf]] |rector = [http://queensu.ca/rector/bio.html Michael Young]<ref>{{cite web|title=Administration/Governance|url=http://queensu.ca/discover/administration|work=Governance|accessdate=5 May 2014}}</ref> |city = [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]] |province = [[Ontario]] |country = Canada |coor = {{Coord|44.224997|-76.495099|display=inline,title}} |students = 24,582<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> |undergrad = 16,339<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> |postgrad = 4,318<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> |other = 5,325<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> |faculty = 3,925<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> |campus = Urban main campus, {{convert|40|ha|acre|abbr=on}} <br /> Urban west campus {{convert|27|ha|acre|abbr=on}}<ref name=land /> |former_names = Queen's College at Kingston<br>(1841–1912)<ref name=hist /> |sports = [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]], [[Ontario University Athletics|OUA]], [[Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association|CUFLA]]<br />33 varsity teams |nickname = [[Queen's Golden Gaels|Golden Gaels]] |mascot = [[Boo Hoo the Bear]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/b/boohoobear.html|title=Boo Hoo the Bear|work=Queen's University|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> |colours = Red, Blue, and Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/sites/default/files/assets/pages/Visual-Identity-Guide-2.3.pdf|title=Queen's University Visual Identity Guide|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 November 2012}}</ref><br> {{colour box|#9D1939}} {{colour box|#11335D}} {{colour box|#EEBD31}} |affiliations = [[Association of Commonwealth Universities|ACU]], [[Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada|ATS]], [[Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada|AUCC]], [[Canadian Association of Research Libraries|CARL]], [[Canadian Bureau for International Education|CBIE]], [[Council of Ontario Universities|COU]], [[Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate|CUSID]], [[Fields Institute]], [[U15 (universities)|U15]], [[Middle Atlantic Intercollegiate Sailing Association|MAISA]], [[Matariki Network of Universities|MNU]], [[Ontario University Athletics|OUA]] |endowment = [[Canadian dollar|$]]1.036 billion<ref>{{cite web|title=Quarterly Investment Report|url=http://www.queensu.ca/financialservices/reports/FinancialReports/Financial_Update_MARCH_6_2015.pdf|work=Financial Services|accessdate=31 March 2015}}</ref> |website = [http://www.queensu.ca/ queensu.ca] |logo = [[File:QueensU Wordmark.svg|190px|Queen's Logo]] }} '''Queen's University at Kingston'''<ref name=hist>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/History/genhist.html|title=General History|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=26 July 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110706202130/http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/History/genhist.html|archivedate=6 July 2011}}</ref><ref name=roycha>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/index/RoyalCharter2011.pdf|title=Consolidated Royal Charter Queen's University|publisher=Queen's University|date=October 2011|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref><ref name=theo>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/religion/about/policies/govmana4.pdf|title=An Act Respecting the Incorporation of Queen’s Theological College|publisher=Queen's University|date=July 2005|accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> (commonly shortened to '''Queen's University''' or '''Queen's''') is a [[public university|public]] [[research university]] located in [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]], Ontario, Canada. Founded on 16 October 1841 via a royal charter issued by [[Queen Victoria]], the university predates the founding of Canada by 26 years.<ref name=hist /> Queen's holds more than {{convert|1400|ha|acre}} of land throughout Ontario and owns [[Herstmonceux Castle]] in [[East Sussex]], England.<ref name=land>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/camplan/reports/section1-4.pdf|title=Inventory and Assessment|work=Campus Plan 2002|publisher=Queen's University|year=2002|accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> Queen's is organized into ten undergraduate, graduate and professional faculties and schools.<ref name=ugpfs>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/academics/|title=Academics|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> The [[Church of Scotland]] established Queen's College in 1841 with a royal charter from [[Queen Victoria]]. The first classes, intended to prepare students for the ministry, were held 7 March 1842 with 13 students and two professors.<ref name="pound2005">{{cite book |title='Fitzhenry and Whiteside Book of Canadian Facts and Dates' |last=Pound |first=Richard W. |publisher=Fitzhenry and Whiteside |year=2005}}</ref> Queen's was the first university west of the maritime provinces to admit women, and to form a student government. In 1883, a women's college for medical education affiliated with Queen's University was established. In 1888, Queen's University began offering extension courses, becoming the first Canadian university to do so.<ref name=hist /> In 1912, Queen's secularized and changed to its present legal name. Queen's is a co-educational university, with more than 23,000 students, and with over 131,000 living alumni worldwide.<ref name="Quick_Facts">{{cite web|url=http://queensu.ca/discover/quickfacts/|title=Queen's Quick Facts|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.queensu.ca/news/articles/category/alumni Category: | Queen's University News Centre]. Queensu.ca. Retrieved on 2013-08-12.</ref> Notable alumni include government officials, academics, business leaders and 56 [[Rhodes Scholars]].<ref name=Rhode>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/news/articles/student-receives-rhodes-scholarship-0|title=Queen's News Centre|publisher=Queen's University|year=2009}}</ref> The university was ranked 4th in Canada by [[Maclean's]] University Ranking Guide for 2015, 206th in the 2015–2016 [[QS World University Rankings]],<ref name="QS" /> 251–300th in the 2015–2016 [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]],<ref name="USUnivRankings_THES_W" /> and 201–300 in the 2015 [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]].<ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_W" /> Queen's varsity teams, known as the [[Queen's Gaels|Golden Gaels]], compete in the [[Ontario University Athletics]] conference of the [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport]]. ==History== ===Nineteenth century=== [[File:Kingstonhall.JPG|thumb|left|Theological Hall served as Queen's University's main building throughout the late 19th century|alt=Theological Hall at Queen's University]] Queen's was a result of an outgrowth of educational initiatives planned by Presbyterians in the 1830s. A draft plan for the university was presented at a [[synod]] meeting in Kingston in 1839, with a modified bill introduced through the [[13th Parliament of Upper Canada]] during a session in 1840.<ref>{{cite book|title=Queen's University, Vol I: Volume I, 1841–1914: And Not to Yield|first=Hilda|last=Neatby|page=25|isbn=0-7735-0336-6|year=1978|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press}}</ref> On 16 October 1841, a royal charter was issued through [[Queen Victoria]]. Queen's resulted from years of effort by Presbyterians of [[Upper Canada]] to found a college for the education of ministers in the growing colony and to instruct the youth in various branches of science and literature. They modelled the university after the [[University of Edinburgh]] and the [[University of Glasgow]].<ref name=hist /> Classes began on 7 March 1842, in a small wood-frame house on the edge of the city with two professors and 15 students.<ref>{{cite book|title=Queen's University, Vol I: Volume I, 1841–1914: And Not to Yield|first=Hilda|last=Neatby|page=3|isbn=0-7735-0336-6|year=1978|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press}}</ref> The college moved several times during its first eleven years, before settling in its present location.<ref name=hist /> Prior to [[Canadian Confederation]], the college was financially supported by the Presbyterian Church in Scotland, the Canadian government and private citizens. After Confederation the college faced ruin when the federal government withdrew its funding and the Commercial Bank of the Midland District collapsed, a disaster which cost Queen's two-thirds of its [[Financial endowment#College and university endowments|endowment]]. The college was rescued after Principal [[William Snodgrass (clergyman)|William Snodgrass]] and other officials created a fundraising campaign across Canada.<ref name=hist /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/c/commercialbankofthemidlanddistrict.html|title=Commercial Bank of the Midland District|work=Queen's University|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> The risk of financial ruin continued to worry the administration until the final decade of the century. They actively considered leaving Kingston and merging with the [[University of Toronto]] as late as the 1880s.<ref name=hist /> With the additional funds bequeathed from Queen's first major benefactor, [[Robert Sutherland]], the college staved off financial failure and maintained its independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jduc.queensu.ca/programs/profileofrobertsutherland.asp|title=Profile of Robert Sutherland|publisher=Queen's University|last=Frankson|first=Greg|year=2001|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> Queen's was given university status on 17 May 1881.<ref name="pound2005"/> In 1883, Women's Medical College was founded at Queen's with a class of three.<ref name="pound2005"/> Theological Hall, completed in 1880, originally served as Queen's main building throughout the late 19th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/t/theologicalhall.html|title=Theological Hall|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> ===Twentieth century=== [[File:Queen's University from the air 1919.jpg|thumb|left|Queen's University from the air 1919|alt=Aerial photo of Queen's University, 1919]] In 1912, Queen's separated from the Presbyterian Church of Scotland and changed its name to Queen's University at Kingston.<ref name=hist /> [[Queen's Theological College]] remained in the control of the [[Presbyterian Church in Canada]], until 1925, when it joined the [[United Church of Canada]], where it remains today.<ref name=theo /> The university faced another financial crisis during [[World War I]], from a sharp drop in enrolment due to the military enlistment of students, staff, and faculty. A $1,000,000 fundraising drive and the armistice in 1918 saved the university.<ref name=hist /> Approximately 1,500 students participated in the war and 187 died.<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen's Remembers: The First World War|url=http://archives.queensu.ca/Exhibits/queensremembers/wwi.html|last=Wilgar|first=W.P.|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=24 June 2008}}</ref> Months before Canada joined [[World War II]], US President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], came to Queen's to accept an [[honorary degree]] and, in a broadcast heard around the world, voiced the American policy of mutual alliance and friendship with Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=15525#axzz1TDAI50K3|title=Franklin D. Roosevelt Address at Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.|publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara|year=2011|accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> During World War II, 2,917 graduates from Queen's served in the armed forces, suffering 164 fatalities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen's Remembers: The Second World War|url=http://archives.queensu.ca/Exhibits/queensremembers/ww2.html|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=24 June 2008}}</ref> The Memorial Room in Memorial Hall of the John Deutsch University Centre lists those Queen's students who died during the world wars.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/m/memorialroom.html|title=Memorial Room|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> Queen's grew quickly after the war, propelled by the expanding postwar economy and the demographic boom that peaked in the 1960s. From 1951 to 1961, enrolment increased from just over 2,000 students to more than 3,000.<ref name=hist /> The university embarked on a building program, constructing five student residences in less than ten years. Following the reorganization of legal education in Ontario in the mid-1950s, Queen's Faculty of Law opened in 1957 in the newly built John A. Macdonald Hall. Other construction projects at Queen's in the 1950s included the construction of Richardson Hall to house Queen's administrative offices, and Dunning Hall.<ref name=hist /> By the end of the 1960s, like many other universities in Canada, Queen's tripled its enrolment and greatly expanded its faculty, staff, and facilities, as a result of the baby boom and generous support from the public sector. By the mid-1970s, the number of full-time students had reached 10,000.<ref name=hist /> Among the new facilities were three more residences and separate buildings for the Departments of Mathematics, Physics, Biology and Psychology, Social Sciences and the Humanities. During this period Schools of Music, Public Administration (now part of Policy Studies), Rehabilitation Therapy, and Urban and Regional Planning were established at Queen's. The establishment of the Faculty of Education in 1968 on land about a kilometre west of the university inaugurated the university's west campus.<ref name=hist /> [[File:FDRatQueens.jpg|thumb|US President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] speaking at Queen's after receiving his honorary degree|alt=Franklin D. Roosevelt speaking at Queen's University]] Queen's celebrated its [[sesquicentennial]] anniversary in 1991, and was visited by [[Charles, Prince of Wales]], and his then-wife, [[Diana, Princess of Wales|Diana]], to mark the occasion. The Prince of Wales presented a replica of the 1841 Royal Charter granted by [[Queen Victoria]], which had established the university; the replica is displayed in the [[John Deutsch]] University Centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.queensu.ca/Exhibits/royalty/visits1.html|title=Royal Visits|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> The first female chancellor of Queen's University, Agnes Richardson Benidickson, was installed on 23 October 1980.<ref name="pound2005"/> In 1993, Queen's received Herstmonceux Castle as a donation from alumnus [[Alfred Bader]]. The castle is used by the university as the Bader International Study Centre.<ref name=bader>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/bisc/about.html|title=About the Bader International Study Centre (BISC)|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> ===Twenty-first century=== In 2001 the Senate Educational Equity Committee (SEEC) studied the experiences of [[visible minority]] and [[Aboriginal peoples of Canada|Aboriginal]] faculty members at Queen's after a black female professor left, alleging that she had experienced racism.<ref name=confront>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2008-11-14/features/confronting-culture-silence/|title=Confronting a culture of silence|work=The Queen's Journal|last1=Macdonald|first1=Kerri|last2=Woods|first2=Michael|publisher=The Queen's Journal|date=14 November 2008|accessdate=11 July 2009}}</ref> Following this survey SEEC commissioned a study which found that many perceived a 'Culture of Whiteness' at the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://queensjournal.ca/media/stories/SEECHenryRpt_.pdf|title=Understanding the Experiences of Visible Minority and Aboriginal Faculty Members at Queen's University|work=Senate Educational Equity Committee (SEEC) Response to the Henry Report|publisher=Queen's University|first=Frances|last=Henry|page=145|date=April 2004|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> The report concluded that “white privilege and power continues to be reflected in the [[Eurocentric]] curricula, traditional pedagogical approaches, hiring, promotion and [[tenure]] practices, and opportunities for research” at Queen’s.<ref>Henry, 156.</ref> The university's response to the report is the subject of continuing debate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2008-10-24/news/henry-report-revisited/|title=Henry report revisited|work=The Queen's Journal|publisher=The Queen's Journal|last=Clancy|first=Clare|date=24 October 2008|accessdate=11 June 2009}}</ref> The administration implemented measures to promote diversity beginning in 2006, such as the position of diversity advisor and the hiring of "dialogue monitors" to facilitate discussions on [[social justice]].<ref name = confront/> In May 2010, Queen's University joined the [[Matariki Network of Universities]], an international group of universities created in 2010, which focuses on strong links between research and undergraduate teaching.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.matarikinetwork.com/members.html|title=Members of the Matariki Network of Universities|publisher=Matariki Network of Universities|accessdate=2 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.matarikinetwork.com/index.html|title=Welcome to the Matariki Network of Universities "Partnering for a better world"|publisher=Matariki Network of Universities|accessdate=8 August 2011}}</ref> ==Campus== [[File:Granthall.JPG|thumb|This fucking school is just P-A-R-T-A-Y! Party bitches wooooo!! Grant Hall has been considered the university's most recognized landmark since its completion in 1905.<ref name=grant />|alt=Grant Hall at Queen's University]] The university grounds lies within the neighbourhood of [[Queen's, Kingston|Queen's]] in the city of Kingston, Ontario.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofkingston.ca/pdf/neighbourhoods/2006/NH35_Queens.pdf|title=35 – Queen's|work=Neighborhood Profiles (Census 2006)|publisher=City of Kingston Planning and Development Department|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The university's main campus is bordered to the south by [[Lake Ontario]], [[Kingston General Hospital]] to the southeast, city parks to the east, and by residential neighbourhoods, known as the [[Kingston student ghetto]] or the university district, in all other directions. The campus grew to its present size of {{convert|40|ha|acre|abbr=on}} through gradual acquisitions of adjacent private lands, and remains the university's largest landholding. The campus's original site and holds the majority of its facilities. In addition to its main campus in Kingston, Queen's owns several other properties around Kingston, as well as in [[Central Frontenac]] Township, Ontario, [[Rideau Lakes, Ontario|Rideau Lakes]], Ontario, and East Sussex, England.<ref name=land /> The buildings at Queen's vary in age, from Summerhill which opened in 1839, to the new [[Queen's School of Medicine]] building, which opened in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/s/summerhill.html|title=Summerhill|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/news/articles/hundreds-celebrate-opening-new-home-queen-s-school-medicine|title=Hundreds celebrate opening of new home for Queen’s School of Medicine|publisher=Queen's University|date=22 September 2011|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> Grant Hall, completed in 1905, is considered the university's most recognizable landmark. It is named after Rev. George Munro Grant who served as Queen's seventh principal. The building is used to host concerts, lectures, meetings, exams, and convocations.<ref name=grant>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/g/granthall.html|title=Grant Hall|work=Queen's University|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> Two buildings owned and managed by the university have been listed as [[National Historic Sites of Canada]]. The Kingston General Hospital is the oldest operating public hospital in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=4218|title=Kingston General Hospital National Historic Site of Canada|publisher=Parks Canada|accessdate=31 August 2012}}</ref> The Roselawn House, which is located east of the west campus, is the core component of the university's Donald Gordon Centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/campusmap/index.php?p=west&mapquery=donald|title=Donald Gordon Centre|publisher=Queen's University|date=2 March 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=12912|title=Roselawn National Historic Site of Canada|publisher=Parks Canada|accessdate=31 August 2012}}</ref> ===Libraries, museums and galleries=== [[File:Stauffer Library 2.JPG|thumb|[[Joseph S. Stauffer Library]] is the largest library at the university, and holds the main collection for humanities and social science.|alt=Joseph S. Stauffer Library at Queen's University]] Queen's University Libraries include six campus libraries in five facilities housing 2.2 million physical items and 400,000 electronic resources, including e-books, serial titles and databases. The library's budget in 2007–2008 was $18.1 million, with $9.8 million dedicated to acquisitions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.queensu.ca/library/about/facts-and-figures|title=Facts and Figures 2007/08|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The libraries are [[Bracken Health Sciences Library]], Education Library,<ref name=libs>{{cite web|url=http://library.queensu.ca/library/overview|title=Locations & Hours|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> Lederman Law Library, [[Joseph S. Stauffer Library|Stauffer Humanities and Social Sciences Library]] and Engineering & Science Library. The W.D. Jordan Special Collections and Music Library notably harbors early-dated books from 1475 to 1700.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.queensu.ca/webmus/sc/collections|title=Collections held in Special Collections|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The Engineering & Science Library and the W.D. Jordan Library Special Collections and Music Library share facilities, known as Douglas Library.<ref name=libs /> Queen's operates the Miller Museum of Geology, an earth-science teaching museum which features an Earth Science and Geological Collections of 10 000 Minerals, and 865 fossils as well as an exhibit of the geology of the Kingston area. The museum is largely used as an earth-science teaching museum for local schools and natural-science interest groups in eastern Ontario.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geol.queensu.ca/museum/|title=The Miller Museum|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The permanent exhibits feature dinosaurs, dinosaur eggs, fossils of early multi-celled animals and land tracks fossilized from 500 million years ago.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/GetMuseumProfile.do?lang=en&chinCode=guacpm|year=2009|title=Miller Museum of Geology|publisher=Canadian Information Exchange Network's Professional Exchange|accessdate=8 June 2013}}</ref> Queen's art collections are housed at the [[Agnes Etherington Art Centre]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/GetMuseumProfile.do?lang=en&chinCode=guaeah1|title=Agnes Etherington Art Centre|publisher=Canadian Heritage Information Network|year=2009|accessdate=31 May 2013}}</ref> The art centre owes its namesake to Agnes Etherington, whose house was donated to the university and is being used as an art museum.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeac.ca/artcentre/index.html|title=About the Art Centre|publisher=Agnes Etherington Art Centre|date=2 March 2012}}</ref> Opened in 1957, it contains over 14,000 works of art, including works by [[Rembrandt]], and [[Inuit art]]. The Union Gallery, an art gallery opened in 1994, is run by the university's student body and faculty. The gallery is dedicated to the promotion of [[contemporary art]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uniongallery.queensu.ca/aboutUs/history.html|title=Union Gallery – History|publisher=Union Gallery|year=2011|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> ===Housing and student facilities=== The university has eighteen student residences: Adelaide Hall, Ban Righ Hall, Brandt House, Chown Hall, Gordon House, Brockington House, Graduate Residence, Harkness Hall, John Orr Tower Apartments, Leggett Hall, Leonard Hall, McNeill House, Morris Hall, Smith House, Victoria Hall, Waldron Tower, Watts Hall and Jean Royce Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/lists/oeptc/6921.html|title=Designated Students' Residences|publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario|date=21 October 2011|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> The largest is Victoria Hall, built in 1965, which houses nearly 900 students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://residences.housing.queensu.ca/our-buildings/building-descriptions/mixed-gender%C2%A0residences/victoria-hall/|title=Victoria Hall|publisher=Queen's University|year=2012|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> In September 2010, 83.3 percent of first-year students lived on campus, part of the 26 percent of the overall undergraduate population which lived on campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/irp/accountability/CUDO/cudo2010/sectionE.html|title=Section E1 – Residence of First-Time, Full-Time, First Year Undergraduate Students in Previous Year|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> Residents were represented by two groups, the Main Campus Residents' Council, which represents the main campus, and the Jean Royce Hall Council, which represents the west campus (Jean Royce Hall, Harkness International Hall and the Graduate Residence). They were responsible for representing resident concerns, providing entertainment services, organizing events and upholding rules and regulations. In 2012, the Main Campus and Jean Royce Hall Residents' Councils were amalgamated into one organization, called ResSoc, standing for Residence Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://residences.housing.queensu.ca/residence-life/student-council/|title=Residence Council|publisher=Queen's University|year=2012|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> The Student Life Centre is the centre of student governance and student directed social, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities. The Student Life Centre consists of the John Deutsch University Centre (JDUC), Grey House, Carruthers Hall, Queen’s Journal House, MacGillivray-Brown Hall, and the non-athletic sections of Queen's Centre. Collectively, these buildings provide {{convert|10500|sqm}} of space to the Queen's community.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myams.org/about-your-ams/offices/student-centre-office.aspx|title=Student Centre Office|publisher=Queen's University Alma Mater Society|year=2012|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> The JDUC contains the offices of a number of student organizations, including the [[Alma Mater Society of Queen's University]], as well as retail and food services.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jduc.queensu.ca/services/default.asp|title=Services|year=2012|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> The university has sixteen food outlets located throughout the campus, as well as three major residence dining facilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dining.housing.queensu.ca/where-to-dine/retail-food-outlet3/|title=Retail Food Outlets|publisher=Queen's University|year=2012|accessdate=31 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dining.housing.queensu.ca/where-to-dine/dining-halls/|title=Dining Halls|publisher=Queen's University|year=2012|accessdate=5 March 2012}}</ref> ===Off-campus facilities=== [[File:Herstmonceux Castle.JPG|thumb|[[Herstmonceux Castle]], located in [[East Sussex]], England houses the Bader International Study Centre.|[[Herstmonceux Castle]], which houses the Bader International Study Centre]] Queen's has off-campus faculties located in the Kingston area and abroad. The university has a second campus located in Kingston, known as the west campus. The west campus, acquired in 1969, is {{convert|2|km|abbr=on}} west of the main campus, and covers {{convert|27|ha|acre|abbr=on}} of land. The west campus has two student residences, the Faculty of Education, the Coastal Engineering Lab, and several athletic facilities, including the [[Richardson Memorial Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/campusmap/?p=history|title=A Brief History of Campus|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> In May 2007, the university approved the designs for the Isabel Bader Centre for Performing Arts, also located in Kingston. The new centre for performing arts was expected to open in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/badercentre/specifications|title=Specifications – Isabel Bader Centre of Performing Arts|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=21 February 2013}}</ref> The university owns a research facility in Rideau Lakes, Ontario, known as the [[Queen's University Biological Station]]. Opened during the 1950s, the field station encompasses approximately 3000 hectares of property, a range of habitat types typical of Eastern Ontario, and many species of conservation concern in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/qubs/about.html|title=Description and History|publisher=Queen's University Biological Station|accessdate=17 September 2012}}</ref> Queen’s has an agreement with [[Novelis Inc.]] to acquire a {{convert|20|ha|acre|adj=on}} property adjacent to the company's research and development centre in Kingston.<ref name="queensu1">{{cite web|url=http://www.innovationpark.ca/content/queens-acquires-novelis-property-develop-innovative-technology-park|title=Queen’s acquires Novelis property to develop innovative technology park|publisher=Queen's University |date=27 March 2008|accessdate=30 November 2008}}</ref> The agreement is part of the plan to establish an innovative technology park located at the corner of Princess and Concession streets, which is to be called Innovation Park at Queen's University. The property was acquired for $5.3 million, a portion of the $21 million grant Queen's received from the Ontario government last spring to pioneer this innovative new regional R&D "co-location" model.<ref name="queensu1"/> Queen's leases approximately {{convert|7900|m2|sqft|sigfig=2}} of the Novelis R&D facilities to accommodate faculty-led research projects that have industrial partners and small and medium-size companies with a research focus and a desire to interact with Queen's researchers. The remainder of the government funds support further development of the technology park to transform the property into a welcoming and dynamic site for business expansion and relocation.<ref name="queensu1"/> The Bader International Study Centre (BISC) is housed in [[Herstmonceux Castle]], East Sussex, England, which was donated to Queen's in 1993 by alumnus [[Alfred Bader]].<ref name=bader /> BISC is academically fully integrated with Queen's, although financially self-sufficient. Its mission is to provide academic programs for undergraduate students whose academic interests are oriented toward the United Kingdom, Europe and the European Union, continuing-education programs for executives and other professional or “special interest” groups, a venue for conferences and meetings, a base for international graduate students and other scholars undertaking research in the United Kingdom and Europe and as an enhanced educational, social and cultural environment for the local community, using the unique heritage of the castle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/bisc/about/mission.html|title=Founding Mission Statement of the Bader International Study Centre (1994)|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The opportunity to study at the BISC is not limited to Queen's students. Queen's has academic exchange agreements with Canadian and foreign universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/bisc/about/partners.html|title=Academic Partners|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> ===Sustainability=== Queen's Sustainability Office, which was created in 2008, is charged with the university's green initiatives and creating awareness about environmental issues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/sustainability/about.html|title=Queen's Sustainability Office|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The office is headed by a Sustainability Manager, who works with the university, external community groups and the government. In 2009, with the signing of the agreement, the ''Ontario Universities Committed to a Greener World'', Queen's had pledged to transform its campus into a model of environmental responsibility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cou.on.ca/news/commentary---events/events/events-pdfs/committed-to-a-greener-world---a-pledge-from-execu|title=Ontario Universities Committed to a Greener World|publisher=Council of Ontario Universities|date=November 2009|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> Queen's was the second Ontario university to sign the ''University and College Presidents’ Climate Change Statement of Action for Canada'', in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.climatechangeaction.ca/signatories|title=Signatories|publisher=The Research Universities' Council of BC|accessdate=25 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2012-02-14/opinions/queens-behind-climate-action-plan/|title=Queen's behind on climate action plan|publisher=The Queen's Journal|last=Gereb|first=Eszter|date=14 February 2012|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> The university campus received a B grade from the Sustainable Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card for 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2011/schools/queens-university|title=Queen's University – Green Report Card 2011|publisher=Sustainable Endowments Institute|year=2011|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> ==Administration== Academics at Queen's is organized into ten undergraduate, graduate and professional faculties and schools.<ref name=ugpfs /> The governance of the university is conducted through the Board of Trustees, the Senate, and the University Council, all three of which were established under the Royal Charter of 1841.<ref name=roycha /> The Board is responsible for the university's conduct and management and its property, revenues, business, and affairs.<ref name=qbot>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/trustees.html|title=Board of Trustees|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref> Ex officio governors of the Board include the university's chancellor, principal and the rector. The Board has 34 other trustees, 33 of which are elected by the various members of the university community, including elected representatives from the student body. The representative from Queen's Theological College is the only appointed trustee.<ref name=qbot /> The Senate is responsible for determining all academic matters affecting the university as a whole, including student discipline.<ref name=qsen>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/senate.html|title=Senate|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref> The Senate consists of 17 ex officio positions granted to the principal and vice-chancellor, the vice-principals of the university, the senior dean of each faculty, dean of student affairs, the deputy provost, and the presidents of the undergraduate, graduate and faculty associations. The Senate also consists of 55 other members, appointed or elected by various communities of the university including elected representatives of the student body.<ref name=qsen /> [[File:Queensquad.JPG|thumb|left|Gordon Hall houses many of Queen's administrative offices.|alt=Gordon Hall at Queen's University]] The Royal Charter of 1841 was amended to include the University Council in 1874. The Council is a composite of the Board of Trustees, senators and an equal number of elected graduates. It serves as both an advisory and an ambassadorial body to the university as a whole and is responsible for the election of the chancellor.<ref name=quc>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/council.html|title=University Council|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref> Although it is not directly involved in operations, the Council may bring to the Senate or Board of Trustees any matter that it believes affects Queen's well-being. The Council meets once per year, typically in May.<ref name=quc /> The ''Chancellor'' is the highest officer and the ceremonial head of the university. The office was created in 1874 and first filled in 1877, although it was only enshrined in law in 1882 after its amendment into the Royal Charter of 1841. The responsibilities of the chancellor includes presiding over convocations, conferring degrees, chairing the annual meetings of the Council and is an ex officio, voting member of the Board of Trustees. A person is elected to the office of chancellor on a three-year term by the Council unless there is more than one candidate, in which case an election is conducted among Queen's graduates.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/c/chancellor.html|title=Chancellors|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=19 September 2012}}</ref> The ''Principal'' acts as the [[chief executive officer]] of the university under the authority of the Board and the Senate, and supervises and directs the academic and administrative work of the university and of its teaching and non-teaching staff.<ref name=roycha /> Since1974, principals have been appointed for five-year terms, renewable subject to review. The formal authority for the appointment of the Principal rests under the Royal Charter with the Board of Trustees although recent principals have been selected by a joint committee of trustees and senators.<ref>{{cite web|title=Principals|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/p/principal.html|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=19 September 2012}}</ref> [[Daniel Woolf]] has served as the twentieth principal, serving since 1 September 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/principal/profile.html|title=Dr. Daniel R. Woolf|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref> The office of the vice-chancellor has typically been held by the incumbent principal. In 1961, an amendment was secured by the Board to separate the office of principal from vice-chancellor if it wished. The first, and only person to ever hold the office of vice-chancellor, but not the office of principal, was [[William Archibald Mackintosh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/m/mackintoshwilliam.html|title=Mackintosh, William Archibald (1895–1970)|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=19 September 2012}}</ref> ===Finances=== The university completed the 2011–12 year with revenues of $769.9 million and expenses of $773.3 million, yielding a deficit of $3.4 million. Government grants made up 48 percent of the 2011–12 operating budget. Student fees made up 28 percent of the 2010–11 operating budget.<ref name=qrotab>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/financialservices/reports/annualreport/2011_12_Financial_Statements.pdf|title=Summary of Actual Result 2011–2012|work=Financial Statements Queen's University at Kingston|publisher=Queen's University|date=30 April 2012|accessdate=20 January 2013}}</ref> As of 30 April 2012, Queen's endowment was valued at C$584.4 million.<ref name=qrotab /> The university has been registered as an educational charitable organization by [[Canada Revenue Agency]] since 1 January 1967. As of 2011, the university registered primarily as a post-secondary institution, with 70 percent of the charity dedicated to management and maintenance. The charity has 21 percent dedicated towards research, while the remaining 8 percent has been dedicated towards awards, bursaries and scholarships. Proceeds from the charity also go toward Queen's Theological College (as an affiliated college) and the Bader International Study Centre at Herstmonceaux Castle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/ebci/haip/srch/t3010form22-eng.action?b=107868705RR0001&e=2011-04-30&n=QUEEN%27S+UNIVERSITY+AT+KINGSTON&r=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cra-arc.gc.ca%3A80%2Febci%2Fhaip%2Fsrch%2Fbasicsearchresult-eng.action%3Fs%3Dregistered%26amp%3Bk%3DQueen%2527s%2BUniversity%26amp%3Bp%3D1%26amp%3Bb%3Dtrue|title=2011 Registered Charity Information Return for Queen's University of Kingston|publisher=Canada Revenue Agency|date=25 January 2012|accessdate=21 April 2012}}</ref> ==Academics== Queen's is a publicly funded research university, and a member of the [[Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aucc.ca/canadian-universities/our-universities/queens-university-at-kingston-queens-university|title=Queen's University at Kingston (Queen's University)|publisher=Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada|year=2012|accessdate=31 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/eng/postsecondary/schoolsprograms/university/|title=Universities|publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario|year=2011|accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> The full-time undergraduate programs comprise the majority of the school's enrolment, made up of 16,339 full-time undergraduate students.<ref name="Quick_Facts" /> In 2009 the two largest programs by enrolment were the social sciences, with 3,286 full-time and part-time students, followed by engineering, with 3,097 full-time and part-time students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/irp/accountability/CUDO/cudo2010/sectionA.html|title=Section A6 – Total Enrolment by Program, 2009|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=9 December 2009}}</ref> The university conferred 3,232 bachelor degrees, 153 doctoral degrees, 1,142 master degrees, and 721 first professional degrees in 2008–2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/irp/accountability/CUDO/CUDO2009/SectionA.html|title=Section A1|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=8 December 2011}}</ref> ===Reputation=== {{Canadian university rankings | UniName = Queen's University | MAC_med = 4 | THES_W = 251–300 | THES_N = 14–15 | ARWU_CAN = 8–16 | ARWU_W = 201–300 | QS_W= 206 | ARWU_SOC = 151–200 | ARWU_MED = 151–200 }} Queen's University has consistently been ranked one of Canada's top universities. The 2015–2016 [[QS World University Rankings]] ranked the university 206th in the world, and the tenth in Canada.<ref name="QS" /> In the 2015 [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]] (ARWU) rankings, the university ranked 201–300th in the world and ranked 8–16 in Canada.<ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_W" /><ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_CAN" /> In the same year, ARWU had also ranked Queen's 151–200th globally in the field of social sciences and in clinical medicine.<ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_MED" /><ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_SOC" /> The 2015–2016 [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]] placed Queen's 251–300th in the world, and 14–15th in Canada.<ref name="USUnivRankings_THES_W" /> In terms of national rankings, ''[[Maclean's]]'' ranked Queen's 4th in their 2015 Medical Doctoral university rankings.<ref name="Macdoc" /> Queen's University Faculty of Law was ranked third nationally in Maclean's 2013 rankings for [[common law]] schools in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/09/19/2013-law-school-rankings/|title=The 2013 Maclean’s Law School Rankings|work=Maclean's|publisher=Rogers Publishing Limited|date=19 September 2013|accessdate=9 November 2013}}</ref> The [[Queen's School of Business]] has received significant recognition in the past years. The School of Business placed 48th in the world, in the 2012 [[Business Insiders]] business school rankings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-worlds-best-business-schools-2012-6#48-queens-university-3|title=The World's Best Business School|work=Business Insiders|publisher=Business Insider, Inc|year=2012|accessdate=3 December 2012}}</ref> In [[Eduniversal]]'s 2012 ranking of business schools, the School of Business was rated as a 5 palmes business school, placing the school 37th globally, and fourth nationally.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-5palms.html|title=University and business school rankings in 5 Palmes|work=Eduniversal|publisher=SMBG|accessdate=3 December 2012}}</ref> In the 2011 edition of [[Mines ParisTech|Mines ParisTech's]] evaluation of universities, The School of Business was also found to have the most number graduates employed as Chief Executive Officers (or equivalent) in a [[Fortune Global 500]], out of any university in Canada, and 38th globally.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Donnees/data03/334-10.-Classements.pdf|title=International Professional Ranking of Higher Education Institutions|publisher=MINES ParisTech|year=2011|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> Queen's had also ranked 90th in the world, and first in Canada in the 2013 Times Higher Education Alma Mater Index, which ranks institutions by the number of degrees they have awarded to CEOs of Fortune Global 500 companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/alma-mater-index-global-executives-2013/2007032.article|title=Alma Mater Index: Global Executives 2013|publisher=TSL Education Ltd.|date=5 September 2013|last=Matthews|first=David}}</ref> In an employability survey published by the [[New York Times]] in October 2011, when CEOs and chairpersons were asked to select the top universities which they recruited from, the university placed 74th in the world, and fifth in Canada.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2011/10/20/education/20iht-SReducEmploy20-graphic.html?ref=education|title=What business leaders say|work=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|date=20 October 2011|accessdate=8 March 2012}}</ref> The full-time MBA program at Queen's has also received significant recognition. The school was ranked first in Canada, and fourth in the world outside of the United States by [[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'s 2012 ranking of MBA programmes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://images.businessweek.com/slideshows/20101105/the-best-international-business-schools-2010#slide3|title=Top Global Business Schools 2010|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|date=14 February 2011|accessdate=31 August 2012}}</ref> The QS ranking of North American MBA programs placed the School of Business 16th in North America, and 3rd in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topmba.com/mba-rankings/global-200/2011/region/north-america|title=Regional ratings: QS Global 200 Business Schools Report 2012|publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited|year=2012|accessdate=8 March 2012}}</ref> In the [[Financial Times]] rankings on [[Executive mba|EMBA]] programs, Queen's joint degree business programs with [[Cornell University]]'s [[Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management]] was ranked 45th in the world. In the same rankings, the Financial Times ranked the Queen's School of Business's individual EMBA program 92nd in the world, and fourth in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/emba-rankings-2011|title=EMBA Rankings 2011|work=The Financial Times|publisher=The Financial Times Ltd.|year=2011|accessdate=8 March 2012}}</ref> ===Research=== In Research Infosource's 2011 ranking of Canada's 50 top research universities, Queen's ranked 11th, with sponsored research income of $197.016 million. With an average of $237,900 per faculty member, Queen's ranked Canada's sixth most research-intensive university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.researchinfosource.com/media/2011Top50Listsup.pdf|title=Canada’s Top 50 Research Universities 2011|publisher=RE$EARCH Infosource Inc|year=2011|accessdate=12 November 2011}}</ref> The federal government is the largest funding source, providing 49.8 percent of Queen's research budget, primarily through grants. Corporations contribute another 26.3 percent of the research budget.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/financialservices/reports/budget/ROAB201011.pdf|title=Research Funding (Funds Flow Basis)|work=Report on the Annual Budget 2010–11|publisher=Queen's University|date=November 2010|accessdate=8 December 2011|page=147}}</ref> In terms of research performance, [[High Impact Universities]] 2010 ranked Queen's 185th out of 500 universities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highimpactuniversities.com/rpi.html|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110711165618/http://www.highimpactuniversities.com/rpi.html|archivedate=7 December 2011|title=2010 World University Rankings |accessdate=4 November 2010 |publisher=High Impact Universities |year= 2010}}</ref> The [[Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan]] (HEEACT), an organization which evaluates universities based on the [[Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities|performance of scientific papers]], ranked Queen's 272nd.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ranking.heeact.edu.tw/en-us/2011/Country/Canada|title=Canada|publisher=Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan|accessdate=27 October 2011}}</ref> The university operates six research centres and institutes, the Centre for Neuroscience Studies, GeoEngeering Centre, High Performance Computing Virtual Laboratory, Human Mobility Research Centre, [[Sudbury Neutrino Observatory|Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute]], and the Southern African Research Centre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/secretariat/centres.html|title=Research Centres, Institutes, and Other Entities|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=10 March 2012}}</ref> The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory's director, [[Arthur B. McDonald]], is a member of the university's physics department. The observatory managed the SNO experiment, which demonstrated that the solution to the [[solar neutrino problem]] was that neutrinos change flavour (type) as they propagate through the Sun. The SNO experiment proved that a non-zero mass neutrino exists. This was a major breakthrough in cosmology.<ref>{{cite book|title=The sun from space|volume=1|first=Kenneth R.|last=Lang|publisher=Springer|year=2000|page=67|isbn=3-540-66944-2}}</ref> A research paper published on 17 October 2013 has offered new perspectives on the [[Star Death|star death]]. These astronomers believe that "the brightest exploding stars, called super-luminous [[supernovae]], are powered by [[magnetars]]—small and incredibly dense [[neutron]] stars, with gigantic [[magnetic fields]].<ref>{{cite web|last=[[Queen's University, Belfast]]|title=New light on star death: Super-luminous supernovae may be powered by magnetars|url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131016132155.htm|publisher=[[ScienceDaily]]|accessdate=21 October 2013|date=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Nicholl|first=M.|coauthors=S. J. Smartt, A. Jerkstrand, C. Inserra, M. McCrum, R. Kotak, M. Fraser, D. Wright, T.-W. Chen, K. Smith, D. R. Young, S. A. Sim, S. Valenti, D. A. Howell, F. Bresolin, R. P. Kudritzki, J. L. Tonry, M. E. Huber, A. Rest, A. Pastorello, L. Tomasella, E. Cappellaro, S. Benetti, S. Mattila, E. Kankare, T. Kangas, G. Leloudas, J. Sollerman, F. Taddia, E. Berger, R. Chornock, G. Narayan, C. W. Stubbs, R. J. Foley, R. Lunnan, A. Soderberg, N. Sanders, D. Milisavljevic, R. Margutti, R. P. Kirshner, N. Elias-Rosa, A. Morales-Garoffolo, S. Taubenberger, M. T. Botticella, S. Gezari, Y. Urata, S. Rodney, A. G. Riess, D. Scolnic, W. M. Wood-Vasey, W. S. Burgett, K. Chambers, H. A. Flewelling, E. A. Magnier, N. Kaiser, N. Metcalfe, J. Morgan, P. A. Price, W. Sweeney, C. Waters.|title=Slowly fading super-luminous supernovae that are not pair-instability explosions|journal=Nature|date=17 Oct 2013|volume=502|series=7471|issue=346|doi=10.1038/nature12569|accessdate=21 October 2013|pmid=24132291|pages=346–9}}</ref> In October 2015, [[Arthur B. McDonald]] and [[Takaaki Kajita]] ([[University of Tokyo]]) jointly received the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] for illustration of neutrino change identities and identification of mass.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics – Press Release|url = http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2015/press.html|website = www.nobelprize.org|accessdate = 2015-10-06}}</ref> This is the first [[Nobel Prize]] awarded to a Queen's University researcher.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Congratulations to Dr. Art McDonald for the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics! {{!}} Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy|url = http://www.queensu.ca/physics/congratulations-dr-art-mcdonald-2015-nobel-prize-physics|website = www.queensu.ca|access-date = 2016-02-01}}</ref> Queen's University has a joint venture with McGill University, operating an academic publishing house known as the [[McGill-Queen's University Press]]. It publishes original peer-reviewed and books in all areas of the social sciences and humanities. While the press's emphasis is on providing an outlet for Canadian authors and scholarship, the press also publishes authors throughout the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mqup.mcgill.ca/content.php?id=4|title=Publishing with MQUP|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|year=2010|accessdate=8 December 2011}}</ref> The press has over 2,800 books in print.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mqup.mcgill.ca/content.php?id=8|title=About MQUP|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|year=2010|accessdate=8 December 2011}}</ref> The publishing house was known as the McGill University Press in 1963 prior to it amalgamating with Queen's in 1969.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/university-presses/ |title=University Presses |last=Parker|first=George L.|work=The Canadian Encyclopedia|publisher=The Historica Dominion Institute|year=2011|accessdate=8 December 2011}}</ref> ===Admission=== The requirements for admission differ between students from Ontario, other provinces in Canada, and international students due to the lack of uniformity in marking schemes. In 2013, 29% of applications to full-time, first-year studies were accepted.<ref>http://www.queensu.ca/provost/enrolmentplanning/draftlongtermenrolmentframework.pdf</ref> In 2014, 66 transfer students were admitted from a pool of 600 making its acceptance rate 11% for those who had attended other post-secondary institutions.<ref>http://www.queensu.ca/irp/accountability/CUDO/CUDO-2014.pdf Section C</ref> In 2013, the secondary school average for full-time first-year students at Queen's was 89% overall, with the Commerce, Education and Engineering faculties having the highest entrance averages at 91.7%, 90.8%, and 90.6% respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/irp/accountability/CUDO/CUDO2013/SectionB.html|title=Section B1 – Applicants and Registrants by Program, 2013|publisher=Queen's University|year=2013}}</ref> The application process emphasizes the mandatory Personal Statement of Experience (PSE). The statement expresses how the applicant's personal experiences may contribute to the university. It focuses on qualifications and involvement outside of academics and is an important factor in determining admission. Several faculties require applicants to submit a supplementary essay.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/admission/apply/firstyear/requirements/documents/pse.html|title=Personal Statement of Experience (PSE) and Supplementary Essay|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=8 December 2011}}</ref> Students may apply for financial aid such as the [[Ontario Student Assistance Program]] and [[Student loans in Canada|Canada Student Loans and Grants]] through the federal and provincial governments. The financial aid provided may come in the form of loans, grants, bursaries, scholarships, fellowships, debt reduction, interest relief, and work programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/studentawards/financialassistance/government/osap/overview.html|title=Overview and Available Funding|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> In the 2010–11 academic year, Queen's provided $36.5 million worth of student need-based and merit-based financial assistance.<ref name=qrotab /> ==Student life== [[File:Frosh Week at Queens.JPG|thumb|Queen's University commerce students during Frosh Week|Frosh Week festivities at Queen's University]] The student body of Queen's is represented by two [[students' unions]], the Alma Mater Society (AMS) for all undergraduate students and the Society of Graduate and Professional Students for graduate students.<ref name=alma>{{cite web|url=http://myams.org/about-your-ams.aspx|title=About Your AMS|publisher=Queen's University Alma Mater Society Inc|year=2011|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sgps.ca/info/|title=SGPS Information|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> The AMS of Queen's University is the oldest undergraduate student government in Canada.<ref name=alma /> The AMS recognizes more than 200 student clubs and organizations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/admission/studentlife/clubsandassociations.html|title=Get Involved!|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> All accredited extracurricular organizations at Queen's fall under the jurisdiction of either the AMS, or the Society of Graduate and Professional Students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://myams.org/media/4229/AMS_Constitution.pdf|title=Part 7: Extracurricular organizations/clubs|work=The Constitution of the Alma Mater Society of Queen's University|publisher=Alma Mater Society of Queen's University|date=September 2006|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> The organizations and clubs accredited at Queen's cover a wide range of interests including academics, culture, religion, social issues, and recreation. The oldest accredited club at Queen's is the [[Queen's Debating Union]], which was formed in 1843 as the Dialectic Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensdebatingunion.org/?page=history|title=QDU History|publisher=Queen's Debating Union|year=2011|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://qnc.queensu.ca/Encyclopedia/d.html#DiaSoc|title=Dialectic Society of Queen's College|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> The Dialectic Society served as a form of student government, until the AMS was formed from the dialectic society in 1858.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/a/ams.html|title=Alma Mater Society (AMS)|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> The [[Queen's Bands]] is a student marching band founded in 1905, which claims to be the largest and oldest student marching band in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/11/18/queens-university-marching-band-suspended-for-materials-deemed-offensive-to-women/|title=Queen’s University marching band suspended for distributing ‘explicit’ and ‘degrading’ material|work=National Post |location=Canada |publisher=Postmedia Network Inc.|last=Boesveld|first=Sarah|date=18 November 2011|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref> Fraternities and sororities have been banned at the university, since a ruling made by the AMS in 1933. The ruling was passed in response to the formation of two fraternities in the 1920s. No accredited sororities have ever existed at Queen's.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/f/fraternitiesandsororities.html|title=Fraternities and Sororities|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> The AMS also manages the Student Constable peer to peer security service at the university. They are responsible for ensuring the safety of patrons and staff at sanctioned events and venues across the campus, enforcing governing regulations of the AMS and uphold regulations stipulated in the [[Liquor Licence Act (Ontario)|Liquor Licence Act of Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Student Constables|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/s/studentconstables.html|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref> Student Constables do not serve as the university's primary security service as they are legally not [[law enforcement officer|peace officers]], nor are they registered as a private security service under the [[Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services]]. The university's administration operates its own security service which is registered in Ontario as a private security service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/stellent/groups/public/@mcscs/@www/@com/documents/webasset/ec090353.pdf|title=List of Registered Businesses under the Private Security and Investigative Services Act, 2005|publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario|date=25 April 2012|accessdate=26 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/security/|title=Campus Security at Queen's University|accessdate=26 April 2012}}</ref> As of March 2012, the Student Constables are funded through a mandatory $10 fee levied on undergraduates annually by the AMS.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2012-03-23/news/student-constable-fee-increased-cover-deficit/|title=Student Constable fee increased to cover deficit|last=Stylianou|first=Savoula|work=The Journal|publisher=The Journal|date=23 March 2012|accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref> ===Media=== Queen's University's student population operates a number of media outlets throughout the campus environment. ''[[The Queen's Journal]]'' is Queen's main [[student newspaper]]. During the academic year, the ''Queen's Journal'' publishes two issues a week, until the last month of the semester, when only one issue is published each week. In total the ''Queen's Journal'' publishes 40 issues a year. The newspaper was established in 1873, making it one of the oldest student newspapers in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://queensjournal.ca/about/|title=About us|work=Queen's Journal|publisher=The Queen's Journal|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> The other weekly student publication from Queen's is the ''[[Golden Words]]'', a weekly satirical humour publication managed by the Engineering Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goldenwords.net/|title=Golden Words|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> Queen's student population runs a radio station, [[CFRC]]. Queen's radio station is the longest running campus-based broadcaster in the world, and the second-longest-running radio station in the world, surpassed only by the [[Marconi plc|Marconi companies]]. The first public broadcast of the station was on 27 October 1923 when the football game between Queen's and McGill was called play-by-play. Since 2001, the station has broadcast on a 24-hour schedule.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cfrc.ca/blog/about/history|title=A Brief History of CFRC|publisher=CFRC 101.9 FM|year=2011|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> Since 1980, the university has had a student-run television service, known as [[Queen's TV]]. The television station airs every weekday on its website, and every Wednesday on local television.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queenstv.ca/about/|title=About Queen's TV|publisher=Queen's TV|year=2011|accessdate=26 August 2011}}</ref> ===Sport=== [[File:Queen'sRichardson.jpg|thumb|Richardson Memorial Stadium is the home to Queen's varsity football team.|alt=Richardson Memorial Stadium at Queen's University]] {{main|Queen's Golden Gaels}} Sport teams at Queen's University are known as the [[Queen's Golden Gaels|Golden Gaels]]. The Golden Gaels sports teams participate in the [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport]]'s [[Ontario University Athletics]] conference for most varsity sports. Varsity teams at Queen's include basketball, cross country, Canadian football, ice hockey, rowing, rugby, soccer and volleyball. The Men's Rugby team has won the OUA Championship the past 3 years (2012–14)<ref>http://www.oua.ca/sports/mrugby/2014-15/releases/20141108x8shux</ref> The athletics program at Queen's University dates back to 1873. With 39 regional and national championships, Queen's football program has secured more championships than any other sport team at Queen's, and more than any other football team in Canada.<ref name=Gael>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2008/9/23/championships.aspx?tab=championships|title=Championships|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref> Queen's and the [[University of Toronto]] are the only universities to have claimed [[Grey Cup]]s (1922, 1923 and 1924), now the championship trophy for the [[Canadian Football League]]. Queen’s also competed for the [[Stanley Cup]] in 1894–95, 1898–99 and 1905–06.<ref name=Gael /> Queen's University has a number of athletic facilities open to both their varsity teams as well as to their students. The stadium with the largest seating capacity at Queen's is [[Richardson Memorial Stadium]]. Built in 1971, the stadium seats over 10,000 and is home to the varsity football team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2008/9/14/Richardson.aspx?path=facilities_and_services|title=Richardson Stadium|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref> The stadium has also played host for a number of international games including Canada's second round [[2006 FIFA World Cup qualification – CONCACAF Second Round|2006 FIFA World Cup qualification games]] and the inaugural match for the [[Colonial Cup (rugby league)|Colonial Cup]], an international rugby league challenge match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2010/9/27/Fac-Serv_0927100447.aspx?id=263|title=International Sporting Events held at Richardson Stadium|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref> Other athletic facilities at Queen's include the Athletic and Recreation Centre, which houses a number of gymnasiums and pools; Tindall Field, a multi-season playing field and jogging track; Nixon Field, home to the school's rugby teams; and West Campus Fields, which is used by a number of varsity teams and student intramural leagues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2010/8/29/Fac-ARC_0829104353.aspx?path=arc&&|title=Athletics and Recreation Centre|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2008/9/14/TindallField.aspx?path=facilities_and_services|title=Tindall Field|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2010/4/26/GEN_0426105423.aspx?path=facilities_and_services|title=Kingston Field|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gogaelsgo.com/sports/2010/8/29/Fac-Serv_0829105609.aspx?path=facilities_and_services|title=West Campus Field|publisher=Queen's University|year=2011|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref> ==Insignias and other representations== ===Coat of Arms=== The [[coat of arms]] appeared as early as 1850, but was not registered with the [[College of Arms]] until 1953. The coat of arms was registered with the Scottish equivalent of the College of Arms, the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]], in 1981 and with the [[Canadian Heraldic Authority]] during Queen's sesquicentennial celebrations in 1991. The coat of arms is based on that of the University of Edinburgh, the institution after which Queen's was modelled.<ref name=arms>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/registrar/currentstudents/convocation/history/coatofarms.html|title=The Coat of Arms|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> The Coat of Arms consists of a gold shield with red edges, divided into four triangular compartments by a blue, diagonal [[Saltire|St. Andrew's Cross]]. A golden book, symbolizing learning, sits open at the centre of the cross. In each of the four compartments is an emblem of the university's Canadian and British origins: a pine tree for Canada, a thistle for Scotland, a rose for England, and a shamrock for Ireland. The border is decorated with eight gold crowns, symbolic of Queen Victoria and the university's Royal Charter.<ref name=arms /> ===Motto and song=== Queen's motto, chosen from [[Book of Isaiah|Isaiah]] 33:6 is ''Sapientia et Doctrina Stabilitas''. The Latin motto is literally translated as "Wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of thy times," and has been in use since the 1850s.<ref name=mottos>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/m/mottos.html|title=Mottoes|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> A number of songs are commonly played and sung at various events such as [[Graduation|commencement]], [[convocation]], and athletic contests, including the "Queen's College Colours" (1897) also known as "Our University Yell" and "[[Oil Thigh]]", with words by A.E. Lavell, sung to the tune '[[John Brown's Body]]'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/college-songs-and-songbooks-emc/ |title=College Songs and Songbooks|work=The Canadian Encyclopedia|last=Green|first=Rebecca|publisher=The Historica Foundation of Canada|year=2011|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> Oil Thigh, which was created in 1891, consists of the old song "Queen's College Colours". The name "Oil Thigh" comes from the chorus of the song, which begins with the [[Goidelic languages|Gaelic]] words oil thigh. The modern version of the song was crafted in 1985, when a line was changed to include Queen's woman athletes in the cheer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/o/oilthigh.html|title=Oil Thigh|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> ===Symbols=== [[File:Flag of Queens University (Canada).svg|thumb|Blue, gold and red are the official colours of the university, and can be seen on its flag.|alt=Flag of Queen's University]] Queen's official colours are gold, blue, and red.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/c/colours.html|title=Colours of the university|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> Queen's colours are also used on the school flag. It displays three vertical stripes one for each colour. In the upper left corner on the blue stripe is a crown in yellow symbolizing the royal charter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/c/coatofarms.html|title=Coat of Arms|work=Queen's Encyclopedia|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> The university also has a ceremonial flag, which is reserved for official university uses. The ceremonial flag is a square design of the Queen's coat of arms.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/resources/pdf/identity/QUAA-Visual-Identity%20Guide.pdf|title=Queen's Trademarks|work=Alumni Association Visual Identity Guide|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> The university also has a [[tartan]] made up of six colours, each representing an academic discipline: blue (medicine), red (arts & science), gold (applied science), white (nursing science), green (commerce & MBA), and Purple (theology). The tartan was created in 1966 by Judge John Matheson and is registered under the [[Scottish Tartans Authority]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tartansauthority.com/tartan-ferret/display/2103/queens-university-ont.-corporate|title=Queen's University Ont. (Corporate) Tartan|publisher=The Scottish Tartans Authority|accessdate=7 December 2011}}</ref> ==Notable people== [[File:David A. Dodge.jpg|thumb|150px|[[David A. Dodge]], former Governor of the Bank of Canada, graduate of Queen's and its past Chancellor.|alt=Photo of David A. Dodge]] {{Main|List of Queen's University people}} Queen's graduates have found success in a variety of fields, heading diverse institutions in the public and private sectors. In 2011, there were over 131,000 alumni, living in 156 countries.<ref name=alum1>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/alumni/networking/branches.html|title=Queen's Alumni Branches|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> Queen's faculty and graduates have won many awards including the [[Turing Award]] and the [[Victoria Cross]].<ref name=JFOOTE>{{cite web|title=Veteran Affairs Canada: John Weir Foote|url=http://www.vac-acc.gc.ca/general/sub.cfm?source=history/secondwar/citations/foote|publisher=Veterans Affairs Canada|date=16 June 2008|accessdate=7 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0000485|title=Burge, John|work=The Canadian Encyclopedia|publisher=The Historica Dominion Institute|year=2011|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> As of 2009, 56 Queen's students and graduates had been awarded the [[Rhodes Scholarship]].<ref name=Rhode /> Notable politicians who were once Chancellor include [[Robert Borden]], [[Prime Minister of Canada]], [[Roland Michener]], [[Governor General of Canada]], and provincial premiers [[Peter Lougheed]] and [[Charles Avery Dunning]].{{sfn|Gibson|1983|p=46}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Setting the agenda: Jean Royce and the shaping of Queen's University|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2002|last=Hamilton|first=Roberta|page=225|isbn=0-8020-3671-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/encyclopedia/l/lougheedpeter.html|title=Lougheed, Peter, Hon. (b. 1928)|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=2 March 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Gibson|1983|p=226}} Many alumni have gained international prominence for serving in government, such as [[Norihito, Prince Takamado|Prince Takamado]], member of the [[Imperial House of Japan]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.queensu.ca/libdocs/news/2004jun15.htm|title=Gift Received from the Japan Foundation: Prince Takamado Memorial Collection|publisher=Queen's University|date=25 June 2004|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> and [[Kenneth O. Hall]], formerly [[Governor General of Jamaica]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kingshouse.gov.jm/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14:his-excellency-the-most-honourable-professor-sir-kenneth-octavius-hall-on-gcmg-oj-governor-general-of-jamaica&catid=3:profiles&Itemid=34|title=The Most Honourable Professor Sir Kenneth Octavius Hall, ON, GCMG, OJ Governor-General of Jamaica|publisher=Kings House|year=2009|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> The 28th [[Governor General of Canada]], [[David Johnston]], was a former graduate and faculty member of the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/news/articles/ex-law-professor-named-governor-general|title=Ex-law professor named Governor General|publisher=Queen's University|date=8 July 2010|accessdate=17 May 2013}}</ref> Three Canadian premiers graduated from Queen's, [[William Aberhart]], the 7th [[Premier of Alberta]], [[Frank McKenna]], the 27th [[Premier of New Brunswick]], and [[Kathleen Wynne]], the 25th [[Premier of Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/calgary/wasoccr.html|title=William Aberhart's Social Credit Party|publisher=The Applied History Research Group|year=1997|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.td.com/bios/mckenna.jsp|title=Frank McKenna|publisher=TD Bank Financial Group|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> The 14th Premier of Alberta, [[Alison Redford]] studied at the university for two years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.queensu.ca/news/articles/alberta-premier-speak-campus-forum|title=Alberta Premier to speak at campus forum|publisher=Queen's University|accessdate=17 May 2013|date=22 November 2011}}</ref> [[Thomas Cromwell]], a [[List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada|Justice]] of the [[Supreme Court of Canada]] was also a graduate from the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/court-cour/ju/cromwell/index-eng.asp|title=The Honourable Mr. Justice Thomas Albert Cromwell|publisher=Supreme Court of Canada|date=8 April 2013}}</ref> Business leaders who studied at Queen's include [[Derek Burney]], former chairman and CEO of [[Bell Canada]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Getting it Done: A Memoir|last=Burney|first=Derek|publisher=McGill-Queens University Press|year=2005|page=6|isbn=0-7735-2926-8}}</ref> [[Donald J. Carty]], chairman of [[Virgin America]] and [[Porter Airlines]] and former chairman and CEO of [[AMR Corporation]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content.dell.com/us/en/corp/d/bios/donald-carty-bio.aspx|title=Donald J. Carty|publisher=Dell|year=2011|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> [[Earle McLaughlin]], former president and CEO of [[Royal Bank of Canada]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.concordia.ca/mclaughlin|title=Honorary Degree Citation – W. Earle McLaughlin|publisher=Concordia University|year=2009|last=Kenniff|first=Patrick|accessdate=11 August 2011}}</ref> [[Gordon Nixon]], president and CEO of the [[Royal Bank of Canada]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbc.com/newsroom/down2-nixon.html|title=GORDON M. NIXON|publisher=Royal Bank of Canada|year=2011|accessdate=21 May 2011}}</ref> and [[Elon Musk|Elon]] and [[Kimbal Musk]], founders of OneRiot, [[SpaceX]] and [[Tesla Motors]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/blackboard/elon-musk|title=Elon Musk|publisher=Business Insider, Inc.|date=21 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.macleans.ca/2010/07/29/love-rockets-and-the-geek-tycoon/|title=Elon Musk, the geek tycoon|author=Jonathon Gatehouse|work=Maclean's|publisher=Rogers Media Inc.|date=29 July 2010|date=21 May 2011}}</ref> [[David A. Dodge]], the former [[Governor of the Bank of Canada]] and the university's chancellor (2008–2014) is similarly a Queen's graduate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bankofcanada.ca/author/david-dodge/|title=David Dodge|publisher=Bank of Canada|year=2011|accessdate=24 October 2011}}</ref> [[Sandford Fleming]], an engineer and inventor who was known for proposing worldwide standard [[time zone]]s also served as the Chancellor of Queen's.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sir Sandford Fleming: his early diaries, 1845–1853|publisher=Dundurn Press Ltd.|year=2009|last=Cole|first=Jean Murray|page=305|isbn=1-55488-450-0}}</ref> In 2015, Queen's astrophysicist [[Arthur B. McDonald]] received the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] for fundamental research elucidating neutrino change identities and mass.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics – Press Release|url = http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2015/press.html|website = www.nobelprize.org|accessdate = 2015-10-06}}</ref> ==See also== {{portal|Eastern Ontario|University}} * [[Agnes Benidickson Tricolour Award]] * [[Old Four]] * [[Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team]] * [[Queen's Players]] ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Further reading== *{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Carpenter|first=Thomas H.|title=Queen's : the first one hundred & fifty year|year=1990|publisher=Hedgehog Productions|isbn=1-895261-00-7}} *{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Gibson|first=Frederick W.|title=Queen's University, Volume 2, 1917–1961: To Serve and Yet Be Free|year=1983|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=0-7735-0376-5}} *{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Hamilton|first=Roberta|title=Setting the Agenda: Jean Royce and the Shaping of Queen's University|year=2002|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=0-8020-3671-6}} *{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Neatby|first=Hilda|title=Queen's University, Vol I: Volume I, 1841–1914: And Not to Yield|year=1978|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=0-7735-0336-6}} *{{cite book |ref=harv|last1=Rawlyk|first1=George|last2=Quinn|first2=Kevin|title=The Redeemed of the Lord Say So: A History of Queen’s Theological College 1912–1972|year=1980|publisher=Queen’s Theological College|isbn=0-88911-016-6}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} * [http://queensu.ca Official website] * [http://www.gogaelsgo.com/ Official athletics website] {{Queen's}} {{Ont post-secondary|d}} {{U15}} {{ShadUni}} {{CDIO}} {{Matariki Network}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Queen's University| ]] [[Category:Educational institutions established in 1841]] [[Category:Organizations based in Canada with royal patronage]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Kingston, Ontario]] [[Category:History of the Church of Scotland]]'