Neurology has a wonderful lexicon of terms for when the brain malfunctions in some way.
You might get a clue to some neurological disorder when the patient is perseverating (he or she keeps repeating a word or phrase).
Or if they are confabulating (a disturbance of cerebration where the person comes up with fabricated or distorted memories) .
I have this idea that maybe gerrymandering is a neurological defect – where the person is incapable of drawing a strait line.