Path Loss Model in Crowded Outdoor Environments Considering Multiple Human Body Shadowing of Multipath at 4.7GHz and 26.4GHz

Mitsuki NAKAMURA
Motoharu SASAKI
Wataru YAMADA
Naoki KITA
Takeshi ONIZAWA
Yasushi TAKATORI
Masashi NAKATSUGAWA
Minoru INOMATA
Koshiro KITAO
Tetsuro IMAI

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications   Vol.E102-B    No.8    pp.1676-1688
Publication Date: 2019/08/01
Publicized: 2019/02/12
Online ISSN: 1745-1345
DOI: 10.1587/transcom.2018EBP3282
Type of Manuscript: PAPER
Category: Antennas and Propagation
Keyword: 
path loss model,  human body shadowing,  human blockage,  crowded environment,  

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Summary: 
This paper proposes a path loss model for crowded outdoor environments that can consider the density of people. Measurement results in an anechoic chamber with three blocking persons showed that multiple human body shadowing can be calculated by using finite width screens. As a result, path loss in crowded environments can be calculated by using the path losses of the multipath and the multiple human body shadowing on those paths. The path losses of the multipath are derived from a ray tracing simulation, and the simulation results are then used to predict the path loss in crowded environments. The predicted path loss of the proposed model was examined through measurements in the crowded outdoor station square in front of Shibuya Station in Tokyo, and results showed that it can accurately predict the path loss in crowded environments at the frequencies of 4.7GHz and 26.4GHz under two different conditions of antenna height and density of people. The RMS error of the proposed model was less than 4dB.