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Endogenous processes on earth

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Stephan Jade Navarro

The document describes three endogenous processes that occur within the Earth: Magmatism, where rocks reach high temperatures and melt to form magma, which is then pushed through the mantle by convection currents. Volcanism occurs as magma escapes through openings, erupting at the surface with extreme heat and pressure. Metamorphism is the process by which the mineral components and textures of rocks change due to increases in heat, pressure, and fluids, occurring through contact or regional metamorphism on large scales.

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ENDOGENOUS PROCESSES ON EARTH
OBJECTIVES • describe how magma forms; • describe what happens after the magma is formed; • describe the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature; • compare and contrast the formation of the different types of igneous rocks;
The endogenous processes are caused by forces from within or in the interior of the Earth. The driving force is the thermal energy of the mantle and the crust.
MAGMATISM • magma is very hot and is constantly moved by the internal heat that reaches the mantle of the Earth through convection flow. • magma forms when rocks reach temperatures between 800 – 1200 degree Celsius.
MAGMATISM
VOLCANISM • process when magma tries to escape from the source through openings such as volcanoes or existing cracks on the ground • magma comes out with extreme heat and pressure and may cause destructive explosions
VOLCANISM
METAMORPHISM • the process of changing the materials that make up a rock • chemical components and geological characteristics of rocks change due to heat, fluids and pressure
METAMORPHISM CONTACT METAMORPHISM - happens when rock minerals and texture change due to heat REGIONAL METAMORPHISM - a change in the rock happens in a larger area, a large scale action of heat and pressure
METAMORPHISM

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Endogenous processes on earth

  • 2. OBJECTIVES • describe how magma forms; • describe what happens after the magma is formed; • describe the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature; • compare and contrast the formation of the different types of igneous rocks;
  • 3. The endogenous processes are caused by forces from within or in the interior of the Earth. The driving force is the thermal energy of the mantle and the crust.
  • 4. MAGMATISM • magma is very hot and is constantly moved by the internal heat that reaches the mantle of the Earth through convection flow. • magma forms when rocks reach temperatures between 800 – 1200 degree Celsius.
  • 6. VOLCANISM • process when magma tries to escape from the source through openings such as volcanoes or existing cracks on the ground • magma comes out with extreme heat and pressure and may cause destructive explosions
  • 8. METAMORPHISM • the process of changing the materials that make up a rock • chemical components and geological characteristics of rocks change due to heat, fluids and pressure
  • 9. METAMORPHISM CONTACT METAMORPHISM - happens when rock minerals and texture change due to heat REGIONAL METAMORPHISM - a change in the rock happens in a larger area, a large scale action of heat and pressure