Steroids
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Steroids are a class of hormones related to testosterone that build muscle by increasing protein synthesis. They are commonly used by athletes to improve performance in sports like weightlifting, baseball, cycling, and football, but long-term use can have serious health risks such as infertility, enlarged heart, high blood pressure, liver damage, and aggression. Cycling involves taking high steroid doses for several weeks and then discontinuing use for several weeks or months.
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Adverse Drug Reactions and Uses.
Reference
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3. HGH was first banned from sports by the International Olympic Committee in 1989.
EPO
EPOpdhpemag EPO is a performance-enhancing drug that stimulates red blood cell creation, increasing oxygen levels in the body. It allows athletes in endurance sports like cycling and running to maintain steady breathing and not slow down or stop during long distance events. While originally developed to treat medical conditions causing anemia, athletes use EPO to enhance performance and chances of winning. However, EPO is dangerous as it raises hematocrit levels, thickening the blood and risking strokes, heart attacks, and clogged capillaries.
Beta Blockers
Beta Blockerspdhpemag Beta blockers are drugs that block nerve impulses and reduce heart rate and force. They are used to treat conditions like high blood pressure but are also used in precision sports to improve performance by steadying nerves and improving accuracy. Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and breathing problems. Beta blockers are most commonly used in gymnastics, diving, ski jumping, soccer, wrestling, shooting and archery because they help athletes remain focused and in control by reducing heart rate.
Blood Doping
Blood Dopingpdhpemag Blood doping is a procedure that increases the number of red blood cells in the body to enhance athletic performance and endurance. It works by allowing more oxygen to be carried to the muscles. Potential side effects include kidney damage, blood infections, heart problems, blood clots, and jaundice. Blood doping is mainly used in long distance endurance events like long distance running and cross country skiing to help athletes maintain performance for longer periods.
Bruises
Bruisespdhpemag The document summarizes different types of injuries including bruises, abrasions, incisions, lacerations, avulsions, puncture wounds, and embedded objects. For each injury type, it describes the signs, symptoms, and initial first aid management which generally involves stopping bleeding, cleaning the wound, applying pressure and elevation, immobilizing the injured area, reassuring the patient, and seeking further medical help if needed.
Tooth Injuries
Tooth Injuriespdhpemag Tooth injuries can occur from falls, accidents, and other incidents, causing teeth to chip, crack, become partially dislodged, or removed from the socket entirely. Signs of injuries include visible damage, tooth discoloration after a concussion, and pain when tapped. Fractures may cause sensitivity to hot/cold and increased pain. Management depends on the injury - avulsed teeth should be gently cleaned and replaced in the socket if possible, or stored in liquid; chipped teeth fragments should be saved and the patient seen by a dentist; and loosened or displaced teeth should be stabilized in the proper position with a splint or pressure until dental care can be received.
Eye Injuries
Eye Injuriespdhpemag Eye injuries can occur from direct trauma, chemical contamination, infection, allergies, or other medical conditions. Some common signs of eye injuries include pain, redness, blurred vision, swelling and watering. The treatment for an eye injury depends on its cause but generally involves flushing the injured eye with water and seeking immediate medical attention to prevent further damage.
Heart Attack
Heart Attackpdhpemag A heart attack occurs when a coronary artery becomes blocked, preventing blood and oxygen from reaching the heart muscle. Over time, fatty deposits can build up in the arteries and eventually rupture, forming a clot that causes a complete blockage. Common symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain or discomfort that may spread to the arms, shoulders, neck or jaw. Treatment focuses on quickly restoring blood flow through clot-busting drugs, angioplasty, stents or bypass surgery. Lifestyle changes and cardiac rehabilitation are important for recovery.
Stroke
Strokepdhpemag A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is disrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, caused by a blockage, and hemorrhagic, caused by a ruptured blood vessel. Symptoms vary depending on the affected brain region but may include numbness, weakness, vision problems, confusion, and trouble speaking. Immediate treatment involves calling emergency services, monitoring the person's condition, and preventing movement until medical help arrives.
Epilepsy
Epilepsypdhpemag This document provides an overview of epilepsy, including signs and symptoms, what causes it, and how it is managed. Epilepsy is a common neurological condition where the normal electrical activity in the brain is disrupted, causing seizures. There are two main types of seizures - partial seizures where the seizure activity starts in one area of the brain, and generalized seizures where the seizure activity involves the whole brain. Management strategies include medication, lifestyle changes, and first aid response during seizures.
Heat Exhaustion
Heat Exhaustionpdhpemag This document summarizes first aid procedures for heat exhaustion, heatstroke, hypothermia, and frostbite. It outlines signs and symptoms of each condition and provides guidance on first aid management. For heat illnesses like heat exhaustion and heatstroke, first aid includes removing the person from heat, cooling their body, and providing fluids. For hypothermia, treatment ranges from removing wet clothing and adding dry layers for mild cases to calling emergency services and performing CPR if needed for severe cases. Frostbite treatment involves gently warming affected areas and seeking medical help.
Fractures
Fracturespdhpemag The document discusses different types of fractures including simple, compound, complicated, and greenstick fractures. It describes the causes and signs of fractures and provides guidance on first aid management including immobilization, splinting, and control of bleeding depending on the fracture type. Compound fractures which break the skin pose greater risks and require prompt medical assistance. Circulation, sensation, and shock should be monitored for all fracture types.
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Steroids
- 1. Steroids By Steve Edwards
- 2. What are steroids Anabolic steroids , or anabolic-androgenic steroids ( AAS ), are a class of steroid hormones that are related to the hormone testosterone. They increase the amount of protein synthesis that lies within the cells, which then results in the buildup of cellular tissue, especially in muscle.
- 3. How are Steroids taken? Most steroid programs involve 300 to more than 1,000 milligrams per week in pills, creams, or injectable forms. Anabolic steroids can be taken orally, injected intramuscularly, or rubbed on the skin in the form of gels or creams as just mentioned. These drugs are often used in patterns which are listed below Cycling involves taking high doses of steroids for several weeks to several months, then discontinuing use of the steroids for as many weeks or months. Stacking involves using two or more different steroids or combining oral and injectable steroids in the belief that the drugs will interact to produce better results. Pyramiding involves beginning a cycle with a lower dose of steroids, gradually increasing the dose over time to a peak level, then gradually decreasing the dose down to zero again.
- 4. How does steroids affect the human body? Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse in Men infertility breast development shrinking of the testicles male-pattern baldness severe acne and cysts Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse in Women Deeper voice enlargement of the clitoris excessive growth of body hair male-pattern baldness severe acne and cysts Other Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse delayed growth in adolescents tendon rupture increased LDL cholesterol decreased HDL cholesterol high blood pressure heart attacks enlargement of the heart's left ventricle cancer jaundice fluid retention HIV/AIDS hepatitis "roid rage" - rage and aggression mania delusions
- 5. Why are steroids used by athletes to enhance performance? The main reason for the widespread use of anabolic steroids among athletes is simply to improve athletic performance in the physical activity they chooses to engage in. Although testing procedures are now widely used to identify steroid abuse among athletes, new designer drugs are being made specifically to avoid detection. But the technology is constantly catching up with the cheaters and blood and urine samples from years earlier are being re-tested with new science and exposing athletes who used illegal substances in the past.
- 6. Which sports is steroids most commonly used? Some of the most common sports that steroids are used in are: Weight lifting Baseball Cycling Tennis NFL Football Athletics Marion Jones, Barry Bonds, Alberto Blanco, Floyd Landis, Lyle Alzado & Dean Capobianco are just a few names that are associated with these sports.
- 7. What are the side affects/dangers associated with using this substance/method? As mentioned before, steroids can have many influences on the human body. But what some people don’t relies is that steroids have a large influence in other peoples lives. ‘roid rage’ is a term that is referred to when a steroid user begins to become more aggressive, this happens to 1 in 5 users of steroids. Anabolic steroids also cause many different types of problems. The less serious side effects include acne, purple or red spots on the body, swelling of legs and feet, persistent bad breath, and less commonly jaundice, or yellowing of the skin. Other side effects are: premature balding, dizziness, mood swings, including anger, aggression, and depression, nausea, vomiting, trembling, high blood pressure that can damage the heart or blood vessel, aching joints, greater chance of injuring muscles, liver damage & shortening of final adult height
- 8. Questions 1. Define the term Cycling 2. What are 3 effects of anabolic steroid abuse in men 3. Give examples of sports that steroids are used in