Letter for Hospital

Feb 20, 2015Download as DOCX, PDF0 likes718 views

The document is a letter requesting medical records from a hospital. It was written by nursing students who need a patient case for a class presentation. The presentation objectives are to define diagnoses, study female anatomy and myoma pathophysiology, determine diagnostic tests and nursing responsibilities, identify prescribed drugs and nursing care, formulate a nursing care plan, provide health teachings, and evaluate implications for nursing practice. The letter requests medical records for Mrs. Precilla Rosales to gather information for the presentation while ensuring confidentiality.

February 16, 2015
Dr. Edgar M. Palacol, MD, FACS,FPCS, FPSGS, FPALES
Laguna Medical Center- Santa Cruz
OIC/Chief of Hospital
Thru Ms. Jasmin Olive Abarquez
Dear Sir,
We, the BSN level II of LSPU-SCC, College of Nursing and Allied Health, will be having a case
presentation in partial fulfilment of NCM 102 (Care of Mother, Child, Family & Population. Grp. at Risk
or w/ Prob. & Parent-Child Nursing).Our objectives are;
1. Present the definitions of the complete diagnosis that would explain the illness of our client.
2. Study the anatomy and physiology of female reproductive system.
3. TracethePathophysiologyofSubcutaneousMyoma.
4. Determine the diagnostic tests our client has undergone including their implications and
nursing responsibilities.
5. Identify the drugs prescribed to our client, their action, side effects, indications,
contraindications and nursing responsibilities.
6. Identify and prioritize the need of our patient.
7. Formulate an appropriate nursing care plan based on the assessment identify needs and problems of the
patient.
8. Render health teachings as part of our holistic care to alleviate problems identified.
9. Evaluate complications to nursing practice, education and research.
In accordance, may we request to your good office a copy of records of Mrs. Precilla Rosales
(case #220038). Rest assured that all the information gathered will be confidential.
Thank you!
Rozelle Mae E. Birador
President, BSN II-A
Noted By:
May M. Veridiano, Ph.D
Dean, CONAH

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Contents: -Definition, Principle, Advantages, Suspension instruments, Procedure, Types of suspension, Techniques. Definition: - It is defined as suspending a part of the body or whole body with the supported slings and pulleys. That is given to the patients to increase ROM, increase muscle power, and support body part. Suspension free the body from friction of material upon the body components may be resting and it permits free movements without resistance. Late Mrs. Guthrie Smith invented the suspension apparatus. Principle: - It is working under three principle: - Friction. Pendulum. Eliminating gravity. (a) Friction: - It occurs during a particular surface move on another. It is the force, which restrict the movement of an object. If the surface are more smooth and slippery will have less friction, in that surface the movement will be more and will cause slippery. If the surface is hard or rough results in more friction and the movements are opposed by the friction force. The same principle is used in the suspension which has less friction causes smooth and easy movements. (b) Pendulum: - Pendulum is heavy material suspended by the weightless thread. The force is applied on the pendulum it results in to and fro movement. One complete swing is called as Oscillation. The arc of movement of the pendulum forms a segment of base of the cone. In the human body the pendular motion occurs mainly in the shoulder joint and the hip joint, forward leg movement and the arm swing movement while walking. The simple muscular contraction is necessary to initiate the oscillation. The same mechanism is used in the suspension therapy to maintain the muscle property, increase the range of movement and strengthening the muscles. (c) Eliminating Gravity Movement: - If the person has the muscle power 2 (gravity eliminated movement), can go for the suspension exercises. The patients should have minimal muscle power of 2 to under go for suspension therapy exercise. If the muscle power is above 3, the patient can go for against the gravity exercise instead of suspension therapy exercise. Advantages: - It reduces the burden for the therapist. Easy to lift the limbs. Active movement can be performed easily with minimum friction. Easier to maintain the position of limbs with slings and pulleys in the required position. Suspension instruments: - Suspension frame. Supporting ropes. Pulleys. Slings. S-hook and dog clips. Wooden cleat. (a) Suspension Frame: - It is made up of stainless steel or plastic-coated steels. In the top and head end side presents the 5-centimeter metal mesh, and the remaining sides are kept open. The measurement of the frame is 1m or 2m width X 2m length X 2m height. In the middle of the frame 2m length X 1m width X 1m height couch is placed for the patient's accommodation. (b)Supporting Ropes: - It is 1.5 meters length, and 3 ply hemp ropes are used for the suspension to avoid slipping.

Autocoids mcq.ankush goyal gmc patiala punjabDr Ankush goyal

Lipid Autocoids: A Comprehensive Overview Introduction Lipid autocoids, also known as eicosanoids and related lipid mediators, are bioactive molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These molecules play crucial roles in inflammation, immunity, hemostasis, cardiovascular function, and various physiological and pathological processes. Unlike classical hormones, lipid autocoids act locally, exerting their effects at or near their site of synthesis. This document provides an in-depth analysis of lipid autocoids, covering their biosynthesis, classification, physiological roles, and clinical significance. Classification of Lipid Autocoids Lipid autocoids are broadly classified into the following categories: 1. Eicosanoids (Derived from Arachidonic Acid) Prostaglandins (PGs) Thromboxanes (TXs) Leukotrienes (LTs) Lipoxins (LXs) 2. Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) Resolvins Protectins Maresins 3. Endocannabinoids Anandamide (AEA) 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) 4. Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) 5. Sphingolipid-Derived Mediators Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) Ceramides Biosynthesis of Lipid Autocoids Lipid autocoids are derived from membrane phospholipids through enzymatic pathways: 1. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) Activation: PLA2 catalyzes the release of arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids. 2. Cyclooxygenase (COX) Pathway: Converts AA into prostaglandins and thromboxanes. COX-1: Constitutive enzyme (housekeeping functions). COX-2: Inducible enzyme (inflammation and pain response). 3. Lipoxygenase (LOX) Pathway: Converts AA into leukotrienes and lipoxins. 5-LOX: Leads to leukotrienes (inflammation, bronchoconstriction). 12-LOX & 15-LOX: Lead to lipoxins (anti-inflammatory action). 4. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Pathway: Converts AA into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which regulate vascular tone. 5. Endocannabinoid Biosynthesis: Derived from membrane phospholipids via enzymatic reactions. Degraded by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Physiological Roles of Lipid Autocoids 1. Inflammation and Immune Response Prostaglandins (e.g., PGE2) modulate fever and pain. Leukotrienes mediate allergic responses and asthma. Lipoxins and resolvins promote resolution of inflammation. 2. Cardiovascular System Thromboxanes (TXA2) induce platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. Prostacyclin (PGI2) inhibits platelet aggregation and promotes vasodilation. EETs regulate blood pressure and vascular homeostasis. 3. Pulmonary Function Leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are potent bronchoconstrictors. PGE2 has bronchodilatory effects. 4. Renal Function Prostaglandins regulate glomerular filtration rate and sodium excretion. EETs contribute to natriuresis. 5. Neurotransmission and Pain Endocannabinoids modulate pain perception and neuroprotection. Prostaglandins contribute to central pain sensitization. 6. Reproductive System P

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Ranitidine Recall:- Regulatory Response to NDMA ContaminationSuyash Jain

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PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE (PUD) , H PYLORI AND GERD TREATMENT BY DR .ANKUSH GOYAL ...Dr Ankush goyal

Comprehensive Management of Peptic Ulcer Disease and GERD I. Introduction Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) are distinct yet overlapping disorders of the gastrointestinal system, marked by significant morbidity worldwide. These conditions illustrate the consequence of a disturbed harmony between offensive gastric secretions and the protective barriers of the mucosa. From ancient remedies to modern-day proton pump inhibitors and eradication therapies, the treatment approaches to these disorders represent a triumph of translational medicine. While PUD typically involves mucosal erosion in the stomach or proximal duodenum due to Helicobacter pylori infection or NSAID use, GERD arises from the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus due to incompetent lower esophageal sphincter tone. Both conditions necessitate a thorough understanding of their etiopathogenesis for rational therapy and long-term management. This document explores the latest, evidence-based treatment paradigms, structured with clarity and clinical relevance. --- II. Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) Definition and Epidemiology Peptic ulcers are breaks in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum that penetrate the muscularis mucosa. Gastric ulcers typically occur on the lesser curvature of the stomach, while duodenal ulcers are found in the first part of the duodenum. Globally, the prevalence of PUD has declined, largely due to H. pylori eradication, yet NSAID-related ulcers persist, especially among the elderly. Etiology and Risk Factors Helicobacter pylori infection – Present in ~90% of duodenal and 70% of gastric ulcers. NSAIDs – Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, compromising mucosal defense. Smoking – Impairs mucosal healing. Stress (critical illness) – Leads to stress ulcers. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome – Gastrinoma with excess acid secretion. Corticosteroids, alcohol, and genetic predisposition are other contributors. Pathophysiology The balance between aggressive factors (acid, pepsin, H. pylori, NSAIDs) and defensive mechanisms (mucus, bicarbonate, blood flow, prostaglandins) determines mucosal integrity. H. pylori causes chronic inflammation and epithelial damage. NSAIDs decrease prostaglandins, reducing mucosal blood flow and bicarbonate production. --- III. Clinical Features of Peptic Ulcer Epigastric pain: Most common symptom; burning or gnawing in nature. Duodenal ulcers: Pain relieved by food, occurs 2–3 hours after meals. Gastric ulcers: Pain worsens with food intake. Nausea, bloating, early satiety Complications: Bleeding: Hematemesis, melena. Perforation: Sudden severe abdominal pain. Gastric outlet obstruction Penetration into adjacent organs (e.g., pancreas) --- IV. Diagnosis of Peptic Ulcer Endoscopy: Gold standard for diagnosis and biopsy to rule out malignancy. Rapid urease test, histology, urea breath test, stool antigen – for H. pylori. Serologic testing (less preferred). Barium study

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Letter for Hospital

1. February 16, 2015 Dr. Edgar M. Palacol, MD, FACS,FPCS, FPSGS, FPALES Laguna Medical Center- Santa Cruz OIC/Chief of Hospital Thru Ms. Jasmin Olive Abarquez Dear Sir, We, the BSN level II of LSPU-SCC, College of Nursing and Allied Health, will be having a case presentation in partial fulfilment of NCM 102 (Care of Mother, Child, Family & Population. Grp. at Risk or w/ Prob. & Parent-Child Nursing).Our objectives are; 1. Present the definitions of the complete diagnosis that would explain the illness of our client. 2. Study the anatomy and physiology of female reproductive system. 3. TracethePathophysiologyofSubcutaneousMyoma. 4. Determine the diagnostic tests our client has undergone including their implications and nursing responsibilities. 5. Identify the drugs prescribed to our client, their action, side effects, indications, contraindications and nursing responsibilities. 6. Identify and prioritize the need of our patient. 7. Formulate an appropriate nursing care plan based on the assessment identify needs and problems of the patient. 8. Render health teachings as part of our holistic care to alleviate problems identified. 9. Evaluate complications to nursing practice, education and research. In accordance, may we request to your good office a copy of records of Mrs. Precilla Rosales (case #220038). Rest assured that all the information gathered will be confidential. Thank you! Rozelle Mae E. Birador President, BSN II-A Noted By: May M. Veridiano, Ph.D Dean, CONAH

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