| Year |
Finalist |
Country |
Nominating Juror |
|---|
| 1970 | Giuseppe Ungaretti |  Italy |
No information provided about the individual nominations from the jurors.
|
| Conrad Aiken |  United States |
| John Berryman | United States |
| Jorge Luis Borges |  Argentina |
| Edward Brathwaite |  Barbados |
| Hans Magnus Enzensberger |  West Germany |
| Graham Greene |  England |
| Jorge Guillén |  Spain |
| Zbigniew Herbert |  Poland |
| Pierre-Jean Jouve |  France |
| Pablo Neruda |  Chile |
| Francis Ponge | France |
| Alexander Solzhenitsyn |  Soviet Union |
| 1972 | Gabriel García Márquez |  Colombia | Thor Vilhjálmsson (Iceland) |
| Zbigniew Herbert | Poland | François Bondy (Switzerland) |
| Vasko Popa |  Yugoslavia | T. Carmi (Israel) |
| Claude Simon | France | Odysseus Elytis (Greece) |
| Harold Pinter | England | Jovan Hristic (Yugoslavia) |
| Paavo Haavikko |  Finland | Kai Laitinen (Finland) |
| Birago Diop |  Senegal | Camara Laye (Guinea) |
| Nathalie Sarraute | France | Vera Linhartová (Czechoslovakia) |
| Czesław Miłosz | Poland/ United States | Kenneth Rexroth (US) |
| Octavio Paz |  Mexico | Fernand Verhesen (Belgium) |
| 1974 | Francis Ponge | France | Michel Butor (France) |
| Wole Soyinka |  Nigeria | Chinua Achebe (Nigeria) |
| Georges Schéhadé |  Lebanon/ France | Adonis (Lebanon) |
| Ian Hamilton Finlay |  Scotland | Ernst Jandl (Austria) |
| Gyula Illyés |  Hungary | Ferenc Karinthy (Hungary) |
| Eyvind Johnson |  Sweden | Olof Lagercrantz (Sweden) |
| Zaharia Stancu |  Romania | George Dem. Loghin (Romania) |
| Allen Tate | United States | Mario Luzi (Italy) |
| Doris Lessing |  Zimbabwe | Joyce Carol Oates (US) |
| Henri Michaux |  Belgium/ France | Andri Peer (Switzerland) |
| Anna Seghers | West Germany | John Willett (UK) |
| 1976 | Elizabeth Bishop | United States | John Ashbery (USA) and Marie-Claire Blais (Canada) |
| Yannis Ritsos |  Greece | Melih Cevdet Anday (Turkey) |
| Anaïs Nin | France/ Cuba/ United States | Agustí Bartra (Spain) |
| Bert Schierbeek |  Netherlands | H. C. ten Berge (The Netherlands) |
| Andrei Voznesensky | Soviet Union | Paal Brekke (Norway) |
| Wole Soyinka | Nigeria | Dennis Brutus (South Africa) |
| Tawfiq al-Hakim |  Egypt | Mohammed Dib (Algeria) |
| Czesław Miłosz | Poland/ United States | Zbigniew Herbert (Poland) |
| Robert Lowell | United States | Thomas Kinsella (Ireland) |
| Tadeusz Rózewicz | Poland | Günter Kunert (East Germany) |
| 1978 | Czesław Miłosz | Poland/ United States | Joseph Brodsky (US/USSR) |
| Anthony Powell | England | Tuomas Anhava (Finland) |
| Nadezhda Mandelstam | Soviet Union | Thorkild Bjørnvig (Denmark) |
| Carlos Drummond de Andrade |  Brazil | Antônio Candido (Brazil) |
| Zbigniew Herbert | Poland | Walter Helmut Fritz (West Germany) |
| János Pilinszky | Hungary | Ágnes Gergely (Hungary) |
| Elias Canetti |  Austria/ Bulgaria/ England | Wolfgang Kraus (Austria) |
| Graham Greene | England | R. K. Narayan (India) |
| Eudora Welty | United States | William Jay Smith (US) |
| V. S. Naipaul |  Trinidad and Tobago/ England | Derek Walcott (Saint Lucia) |
| Georges Schéhadé | Lebanon/ France | Andrée Chedid (Egypt/France) |
| 1980 | Josef Škvorecký |  Czechoslovakia/ Canada | Arnost Lustig (Czechoslovakia/US) |
| Alberto de Lacerda |  Portugal | Luis Amorim de Sousa (Portugal) |
| Breyten Breytenbach |  South Africa | André Brink (South Africa) |
| Yves Bonnefoy | France | Claude Esteban (France) |
| Günter Grass | West Germany | Thomas Keneally (Australia) |
| Kim Chi-ha |  South Korea | Yotaro Konaka (Japan) and Muriel Rukeyser (US) |
| Mulk Raj Anand |  India | Shiv K. Kumar (India) |
| Miroslav Krleza | Yugoslavia | Vasa D. Mihailovich (Yugoslavia/US) |
| Yannis Ritsos | Greece | George Savidis (Greece) |
| Norman Maccaig | Scotland | Alexander Scott (UK) |
| 1982 | Octavio Paz | Mexico | Manuel Durán (Spain/US) |
| Ted Hughes | England | Yehuda Amichai (Israel) |
| Laura Riding | United States | Poul Borum (Denmark) |
| Robert Penn Warren | United States | John L. Brown (US) |
| Vladimir Voinovich | Soviet Union/ West Germany | Efim Etkind (USSR/France) |
| Max Frisch |  Switzerland | Francine du Plessix Gray (US) |
| Guillevic | France | Mimmo Morina (Italy/Luxembourg) |
| Ba Jin |  China | Hualing Nieh (China/US) |
| Artur Lundkvist | Sweden | Östen Sjöstrand (Sweden) |
| Leonardo Sciascia | Italy | Giancarlo Vigorelli (Italy) |
| 1984 | Paavo Haavikko | Finland | Bo Carpelan (Finland) |
| Zbigniew Herbert | Poland | Stanislaw Baranczak (Poland/US) |
| Jorge Amado | Brazil | Mouloud Mammeri (Algeria) |
| Howard Brenton | England | Kamala Markandaya (India/UK) |
| Christopher Logue | England | N. Scott Momaday (US) |
| Sándor Weöres | Hungary | Ottó Orbán (Hungary) |
| Ernesto Sábato | Argentina | Edouard Roditi (US/France) |
| Mohammed Dib |  Algeria/ France | Eric Sellin (US) |
| Donald Davie | England | Charles Tomlinson (UK) |
| Jorge Luis Borges | Argentina | Luisa Valenzuela (Argentina) |
| Manès Sperber | Austria/ France | Elie Wiesel (US/Israel/France) |
| 1986 | Max Frisch | Switzerland | Adolf Muschg (Switzerland) |
| Wole Soyinka | Nigeria | Maya Angelou (US) |
| Francisco Ayala | Spain | José Luis Cano (Spain) |
| Primo Levi | Italy | Margherita Guidacci (Italy) |
| Kenzaburo Oe |  Japan | Shuichi Kato (Japan) |
| Jorge Luis Borges | Argentina | Sigurur Magnússon (Iceland) |
| Günter Grass | West Germany | Gregory Rabassa (US) |
| Yves Bonnefoy | France | Anthony Rudolf (UK) |
| Eugène Ionesco | Romania/ France | Iordan Chimet (Romania) |
| Mavis Gallant | Canada/ France | Mordecai Richler (Canada) |
| 1988 | Raja Rao | India | Edwin Thumboo (Singapore) |
| Ghérasim Luca | Romania/ France | Andrei Codrescu (Romania/US) |
| Stanislaw Lem | Poland | Lars Gustafsson (Sweden) |
| René Char | France | Raymond Jean (France) |
| Milan Kundera | Czechoslovakia/ France | Algirdas Landsbergis (Lithuania/US) |
| Léopold Sédar Senghor | Senegal | Jean-Luc Moreau (France) |
| João Cabral de Melo Neto | Brazil | Nélida Piñon (Brazil) |
| Peter Handke | Austria | Jutta Schutting (Austria) |
| Roy Fisher | England | Jon Silkin (England) |
| Nadine Gordimer | South Africa | Susan Sontag (US) |
| Paule Marshall | Barbados/ United States | George Lamming (Barbados) |
| 1990 | Tomas Tranströmer | Sweden | Jaan Kaplinski (Estonia) |
| Östen Sjöstrand | Sweden | Homero Aridjis (Mexico) |
| Mohammed Dib | Algeria | Assia Djebar (Algeria) |
| Rolf Jacobsen |  Norway | Knut Faldbakken (Norway) |
| Mavis Gallant | Canada/ France | Robert Pinget (France) |
| Yordan Radichkov | Bulgaria | Vera Gancheva (Bulgaria) |
| György Konrád | Hungary | George Gömöri Piñon (Hungary/UK) |
| Michel Leiris | France | Richard Howard (US) |
| V. S. Naipaul | Trinidad and Tobago/ England | Sam Selvon (Trinidad and Tobago) |
| Vasko Popa | Yugoslavia | Lasse Söderberg (Sweden) |
| Dai Houying | China | Xiao Qian (China) |
| 1992 | João Cabral de Melo Neto | Brazil | Silviano Santiago (Brazil) |
| Habib Tengour | Algeria/ France | Etel Adnan (Lebanon/US) |
| Bella Akhmadulina |  Russia | Vassily Aksyonov (Russia/US) |
| Christopher Middleton | England | Zulfikar Ghose (Pakistan/US) |
| Orhan Pamuk |  Turkey | Güneli Gün (Turkey/US) |
| Henri Meschonnic | France | V. Y. Mudimbé (Zaire) |
| Kenzaburo Oe | Japan | Makoto Ooka (Japan) |
| Andrea Zanzotto | Italy | Sergio Perosa (Italy) |
| Eduardo Galeano |  Uruguay | Elena Poniatowska (Mexico) |
| John Berger | England | Alastair Reid (UK) |
| A. B. Yehoshua |  Israel | Anton Shammas (Palestine) |
| 1994 | Kamau Brathwaite | Barbados | Kofi Awoonor (Ghana) |
| Svetlana Alexievich |  Belarus | Zoya Boguslavskaya (Russia) |
| Norman Mailer | United States | Alan Cheuse (US) |
| Zbigniew Herbert | Poland | J. M. Coetzee (South Africa) |
| Toni Morrison | United States | Nuruddin Farah (Somalia) |
| Chinua Achebe | Nigeria | Wlad Godzich (Switzerland) |
| Miguel Delibes | Spain | Ángel González (Spain) |
| Mahasveta Devi | India | Githa Hariharan (India) |
| Costas Montis |  Cyprus | Elli Peonidou (Cyprus) |
| Mohamed Choukri |  Morocco | Nawal El Saadawi (Egypt) |
| Seamus Heaney |  Ireland | Chris Wallace-Crabbe (Australia) |
| 1996 | Assia Djebar | Algeria/ France | Barbara Frischmuth (Austria) |
| Vassilis Vassilikos | Greece | Yiorgos Chouliaras (Greece/US) |
| Vizma Belsevica |  Latvia | Desmond Egan (Ireland) |
| Nirmal Verma | India | Alfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir (Iceland) |
| Randolph Stow |  Australia | Alamgir Hashmi (Pakistan) |
| Rafael Alberti | Spain | Carlos Rojas (Spain) |
| Werner Lambersy | Belgium | Albert Russo (Belgium) |
| Tahar Ben Jelloun | Morocco | Hanan al-Shaykh (Lebanon) |
| Carlos Fuentes | Mexico | Mario Valdés (Canada) |
| Bei Dao | China/ United States | Eliot Weinberger (US) |
| 1998 | Nuruddin Farah |  Somalia | Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o (Kenya) |
| Adrienne Rich | United States | Meena Alexander (India) |
| R. S. Thomas |  Wales | Richard Exner (Germany/US) |
| Mo Yan | China | Howard Goldblatt (US) |
| Les Murray | Australia | Janette Turner Hospital (Australia) |
| Doris Lessing | England/ Zimbabwe | Shirley Geok-lin Lim (Malaysia) |
| Philip Roth | United States | Norman Manea (Romania/US) |
| Frankétienne |  Haiti | Raphaël Confiant (Martinique) |
| Ernesto Cardenal |  Nicaragua | Roberto Fernández Retamar (Cuba) |
| John Ashbery | United States | Carolyn Forché (US) |
| 2000 | David Malouf | Australia | Ihab Hassan (Egypt/US) |
| Wilson Harris |  Guyana/ England | Cyril Dabydeen (Guyana/Canada) |
| V. S. Naipaul | Trinidad and Tobago/ England | Ha Jin (China/US) and Mervyn Morris (Jamaica) |
| N. Scott Momaday | United States | Linda Hogan (US) |
| Juan Goytisolo | Spain | Helen R. Lane (US) |
| Augusto Monterroso |  Guatemala/ Honduras | Carlos Monsiváis (Mexico) |
| Femi Osofisan | Nigeria | Tanure Ojaide (Nigeria) |
| Mirkka Rekola | Finland | Kirsti Simonsuuri (Finland) |
| György Konrád | Hungary | Dubravka Ugresic (Croatia) |
| 2002 | Alvaro Mutis | Colombia | Juan Gustavo Cobo Borda (Colombia) |
| Andrée Chedid | Egypt/ France | Evelyne Accad (Lebanon/US) |
| Antonio Lobo Antunes | Portugal | Kwame Anthony Appiah (UK/Ghana) |
| Wilson Harris | Guyana | Lorna Goodison (Jamaica) |
| Eduardo Galeano | Uruguay | Thomas King (Canada) |
| Janet Frame |  New Zealand | Bill Manhire (New Zealand) |
| Homero Aridjis | Mexico | Rainer Schulte (Germany/US) |
| Luis Fernando Verissimo | Brazil | Moacyr Scliar (Brazil) |
| Peter Matthiessen | United States | Barry Unsworth (UK) |
| Mavis Gallant | Canada/ France | Jane Urquhart (Canada) |
| 2004 | Adam Zagajewski | Poland | Bogdana Carpenter (Poland/US) |
| Duong Thu Huong |  Vietnam | Esther Allen (US) |
| Gary Snyder | United States | Bei Dao (China) in absentia |
| J. M. Coetzee | South Africa | Kristjana Gunnars (Iceland) and Abdulrazak Gurnah (Tanzania) |
| Chinua Achebe | Nigeria | Gabriel Okara (Nigeria) |
| Mario Vargas Llosa |  Peru/ Spain | Edmundo Paz-Soldán (Bolivia) |
| José Saramago | Portugal | Leon Rooke (Canada) |
| Marjorie Agosín | Chile | Bapsi Sidhwa (Pakistan) |
| 2006 | Claribel Alegría | Nicaragua/ El Salvador | Daisy Zamora (Nicaragua) |
| Orhan Pamuk | Turkey | Aron Aij (Turkey) |
| Alice Munro | Canada | Clark Blaise (US) and Linda Spalding (Canada) |
| Linton Kwesi Johnson |  Jamaica/ England | Kwame Dawes (Ghana/US) |
| Gerald Stern | United States | Li-Young Lee (Indonesia/US) |
| André Brink | South Africa | Zakes Mda (South Africa) |
| Per Olov Enquist | Sweden | Tina Nunnally (US) |
| Philip Roth | United States | Nico Orengo (Italy) |
| N. Scott Momaday | United States | Carter Revard (US) |
| Hélène Cixous | Algeria/ France | Susan Rubin Suleiman (US) |
| 2008 | Patricia Grace | New Zealand | Joy Harjo (US) |
| Ngugi wa Thiong’o |  Kenya | Chris Abani (Nigeria/US) |
| Saadi Youssef |  Iraq | Sinan Antoon (Iraq) |
| Michael Ondaatje |  Sri Lanka/ Canada | Rilla Askew (US) |
| Jacques Roubaud | France | Marcel Bénabou (Morocco/France) |
| Katerina Anghelaki-Rooke | Greece | Peter Constantine (UK/US) |
| Tsering Woeser | China | Huang Xiang (China) |
| Haruki Murakami | Japan | Christine Montalbetti (France) |
| E. L. Doctorow | United States | Bharati Mukherjee (India/US) |
| Yoel Hoffmann | Israel | Yoko Tawada (Japan/Germany) |
| 2010 | Duo Duo | China | Mai Mang (China/USA) |
| Ha Jin | China/ United States | Sefi Atta (Nigeria/US) |
| Ricardo Piglia | Argentina | Horacio Castellanos Moya (El Salvador) |
| Michael Ondaatje | Sri Lanka/ Canada | Aleksandar Hemon (Bosnia/US) |
| Haruki Murakami | Japan | Etgar Keret (Israel) |
| Margaret Atwood | Canada | Joanne Leedom-Ackerman (US) |
| A. B. Yehoshua | Israel | Claire Messud (US) |
| Athol Fugard | South Africa | Pireeni Sundaralingam (France) |
| E. L. Doctorow | United States | Bharati Mukherjee (Sri Lanka/US) |
| Shahriar Mandanipour |  Iran | Niloufar Talebi (Iran/UK) |
| 2012 | Rohinton Mistry | India/ Canada | Samrat Upadhyay (Nepal/US) |
| Aleksandar Hemon |  Bosnia and Herzegovina/ United States | Rabih Alameddine (Lebanon/US) |
| Zoë Wicomb | South Africa/ Scotland | Gabeba Baderoon (South Africa/US) |
| Elena Poniatowska | Mexico | Norma Cantú (Mexico/US) |
| Bob Dylan | United States | Andrea De Carlo (Italy) |
| Diamela Eltit | Chile | Nathalie Handal (France/US) |
| Vénus Khoury-Ghata | Lebanon | Ilya Kaminsky (Ukraine/US) |
| John Banville | Ireland | Yahia Lababidi (Egypt/Lebanon) |
| Tahar Ben Jelloun | Morocco | Miguel Syjuco (Philippines) |
| 2014 | Mia Couto |  Mozambique | Gabriella Ghermandi (Germany/Italy) |
| César Aira | Argentina | Cristina Rivera-Garza (Mexico) |
| Duong Thu Huong | Vietnam | Andrew Lam (Vietnam/US) |
| Edward P. Jones | United States | Laleh Khadivi (Iran/US) |
| Ilya Kaminsky |  Ukraine/ United States | Lauren Camp (US) |
| Chang-rae Lee | South Korea/ United States | Krys Lee (South Korea/US) |
| Edouard Maunick |  Mauritius | Ananda Devi (Mauritius) |
| Haruki Murakami | Japan | Deji Olukotun (Nigeria/US) |
| Cecile Pineda | United States | Lorna Dee Cervantes (Mexico/US) |
| Ghassan Zaqtan |  Palestine | Fady Joudah (Palestine/US) |
| 2016 | Dubravka Ugresic |  Croatia/ Netherlands | Alison Anderson (US/Switzerland) |
| Can Xue | China | Porochista Khakpour (Iran/US) |
| Caryl Churchill | England | Jordan Tannahill (Canada) |
| Carolyn Forché | United States | Valzhyna Mort (Belarus/US) |
| Aminatta Forna |  Sierra Leone/ Scotland | Mukoma Wa Ngugi (Kenya/US) |
| Ann-Marie MacDonald | Canada | Padma Viswanathan (Canada) |
| Guadalupe Nettel | Mexico | Valeria Luiselli (Mexico) |
| Don Paterson | Scotland | Amit Majmudar (US) |
| Ghassan Zaqtan | Palestine | Wang Ping (China/US) |
| 2018 | Edwidge Danticat | Haiti/ United States | Achy Obejas (Cuba/US) |
| Emmanuel Carrère | France | Zia Haider Rahman (Bangladesh/UK) |
| Amitav Ghosh | India | Dipika Mukherjee (India) |
| Aracelis Girmay | United States | Mahtem Shiferraw (Ethiopia/Eritrea) |
| Mohsin Hamid |  Pakistan | Adnan Mahmutović (Bosnia/Sweden) |
| Jamaica Kincaid |  Antigua and Barbuda/ United States | Ladan Osman (Somalia/US) |
| Yusef Komunyakaa | United States | Major Jackson (US) |
| Patricia Smith | United States | Sasha Pimentel (Philippines/US) |
| Ludmila Ulitskaya | Russia | Alisa Ganieva (Russia) |
| 2020 | Ismail Kadare |  Albania | Kapka Kassabova (Bulgaria) |
| Emmanuel Carrère | France | Felipe Restrepo Pombo (Colombia) |
| Jorie Graham | United States | Dunya Mikhail (Iraq/US) |
| Jessica Hagedorn | United States | Joseph O. Legaspi (US) |
| Eduardo Halfon | Guatemala | Anna Badkhen (Russia) |
| Sahar Khalifeh | Palestine | Philip Metres (US) |
| Abdellatif Laâbi | Morocco | André Naffis-Sahely (US/UAE) |
| Lee Maracle | Canada | Katherena Vermette (Canada) |
| Hoa Nguyen | United States | Vi Khi Nao (US) |
| 2022 | Boubacar Boris Diop | Senegal | Jennifer Croft (US) |
| Jean-Pierre Balpe | France | Hamid Ismailov (Uzbekistan) |
| Kwame Dawes |  Ghana/ Jamaica | Matthew Shenoda (US) |
| Natalie Diaz | United States | R. O. Kwon (South Korea/US) |
| Michális Ganás | Greece | Eleni Kefala (Cyprus) |
| Micheline Aharonian Marcom | United States | Fowzia Karimi (Afghanistan/US) |
| Naomi Shihab Nye | United States | Tarfia Faizullah (US) |
| Ludmilla Petrushevskaya | Russia | Olga Zilberboug (Russia/US) |
| Cristina Rivera Garza | Mexico | Carlos Labbé (Chile) |
| Reina María Rodríguez | Cuba | Carlos Pintado (Cuba) |
| 2024 | Ananda Devi | Mauritius | Fabienne Kanor (France) |
| Chris Abani | Nigeria | Romeo Oriogun (Nigeria) |
| Angie Cruz | United States | Cleyvis Natera (Dominican Republic) |
| Jenny Erpenbeck | Germany | Alina Stefanescu (Romania/US) |
| Nona Fernández | Chile | Idra Novey (US) |
| Juan Felipe Herrera | United States | Allison Hedge Coke (US) |
| Maxine Hong Kingston | United States | Jennifer Kwon Dobbs (South Korea) |
| Valeria Luiselli | Mexico | Alexandra Lytton Regalado (El Salvador/US) |
| Shahrnush Parsipur | Iran | Sholeh Wolpé (Iran/US) |
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