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Play by British theatre company Punchdrunk From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sleep No More is the New York City production of an immersive theatre work created by the British theatre company Punchdrunk. It is based primarily on William Shakespeare's Macbeth, with additional inspiration taken from noir films (especially those of Alfred Hitchcock) and the 1697 Paisley witch trials. Its title comes from Macbeth Act II, Scene II, Lines 33-4: "Methought I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more,/ Macbeth does murder sleep'".[1]
| Sleep No More | |
|---|---|
One of the audience masks used in the production. | |
| Written by | Punchdrunk |
| Directed by | Felix Barrett and Maxine Doyle |
| Date premiered | March 7, 2011 |
| Place premiered | McKittrick Hotel, 530 West 27th Street, New York City |
| Original language | English (mostly mute) |
| Setting | McKittrick Hotel and environs, Gallow Green, Glamis, Forfar, Scotland |
| Official site | |
After incarnations in London in 2003 and Brookline, Massachusetts in 2009, Sleep No More was launched in New York City in collaboration with Emursive and began performances on March 7, 2011. Sleep No More won the 2011 Drama Desk Award for Unique Theatrical Experience[2] and won Punchdrunk special citations at the 2011 Obie Awards for design and choreography.[3][4]
Sleep No More adapts the story of Macbeth, deprived of nearly all spoken dialogue and set primarily in a dimly-lit, 1930s-era establishment called the McKittrick Hotel. The production is best characterized as immersive theatre, as it is designed for audience members to move throughout the performance space and interact with props at their own pace; however, the actions of audience members are generally ignored by the performers and do not impact the story.
In November 2023, Emursive announced a final performance date of January 28, 2024,[5] but the production was subsequently extended throughout 2024.[6] In October 2024, a final performance date of January 5, 2025 was announced[7] along with a trio of farewell parties entitled Apparitions scheduled for January 2025.[8]
Sleep No More's presentational form is considered promenade theatre, in which the audience walks at their own pace through a variety of theatrically designed rooms. It can also be described as environmental theatre, in which the physical location, rather than being a traditional playhouse, is an imitation of the actual setting. It is not, strictly speaking, interactive theatre, because although the audience may move through the settings, interact with the props, or observe the actors at their own pace, their interference has no bearing on the story or the performers except in rare instances.
Despite its aesthetics and theming, Sleep No More is not a haunted attraction, although it does feature dark and supernatural elements. In their exploration, audience members can come upon instances of full nudity, bright lights (including strobe lights), lasers, fog, and haze, as well as being separated from the rest of their party. The email that guests receive upon their impending experience does note that the work is best experienced individually, and that audience members might experience "intense psychological situations."[9]
Sleep No More was first produced at the Beaufoy Building in London in 2003 and was later renewed in a 2009 collaboration with Boston's American Repertory Theatre at the Old Lincoln School in Brookline, Massachusetts.[4]
In its New York City production, Sleep No More is set in the fictitious McKittrick Hotel, whose website claims that it has been recently "restored"[10] but which is actually a block of warehouses in Manhattan's Chelsea neighborhood transformed into a hotel-like performance space. The McKittrick Hotel consists of five floors, throughout which the action of Sleep No More takes place simultaneously. Not all rooms or floors are related to the hotel theming - spaces in the McKittrick include a graveyard, a hospital/asylum, and the mainstreet of a small town. Various papers, pamphlets and menus inside the performance space and at the building's dining establishments identify the show's setting (indoors and "outdoors") as the fictitious town of Gallow Green, Glamis, Forfar, Scotland. The name of the town and some of the characters (as seen in prop letters found in the performance space, and the show's souvenir program) are references to the Paisley witch trials.
Guests enter the hotel through large and (save for a small plaque outside) unmarked double-doors on W. 27th Street, and travel down a dark hallway, where they check their coats and bags. Upon giving their name at a check-in desk, they receive a playing card as a ticket and are ushered upstairs to a brief, dimly-lit maze. Many guests see this maze as the "portal" back in time, for upon exiting they find themselves in a gaudy, richly decorated and fully operational 1930s hotel jazz bar, the Manderley. After a time, numbers corresponding to guest's cards are called. They receive their masks and file into a freight elevator, where their journey begins.
Upon leaving the elevator, guests may wander through any of the five visitable floors of settings. These floors and the characters that frequently inhabit them consist of, from the top down:
Recorded music, either period (such as tunes by the Ink Spots or Glenn Miller), ambient (composed by Punchdrunk sound designer Stephen Dobbie), or orchestral (mostly consisting of Bernard Herrmann's scores to Alfred Hitchcock films) plays steadily throughout the entire building at all times. Other sound effects, such as thunderclaps or bells, happen simultaneously on most floors as well, though with different volumes relative to the area of the performance where the sounds originate.
Over the course of the guests' three-hour evening, each character plays a one-hour loop, returning to their initial location at the close of every hour, repeated roughly three times. Some characters are more stationary in their loops, while others are very active across multiple floors of the building.
Temporary characters who appeared for a limited time included George Islay, the missing Grace Naismith's love interest (only seen during a brief partnership between Punchdrunk and MIT); The Reverend, a pious hermit found in an igloo-like structure off one of the asylum wings, and Caroline Reville, the secretary of Malcolm's detective agency with her own ties to the supernatural. (A letter from the latter character announcing her resignation can currently be found in the agency.)
The audience is given no programme and there is no speaking from either the actors or audience (with some exceptions). The production "leads its audience on a merry, macabre chase up and down stairs, and through minimally illuminated, furniture-cluttered rooms and corridors."[11]
The rotating cast of roughly 25 actors (including bar staff) adopt the dress and aesthetic style of the late 1930s, inspired by the shadowy and anxious atmosphere of film noir. The performers wear no masks and perform in passionate, silent group settings, solitary scenes, and often choreographed dances. Upon making a connection (usually eye contact) with a specific audience member of their choosing, a character might lead them into a small, private encounter, be it telling a story, quoting a work of Shakespeare or Hitchcock, or giving them a quest or task to complete. (These have been dubbed "one-on-ones" or "1:1s" by frequent visitors.)
Audience members are instructed only to:
Audience members are encouraged (non-verbally) to:
Sleep No More takes place at the fictional McKittrick Hotel, a reference to the film Vertigo (the hotel's fully functional Manderley Bar is a reference to another Hitchcock film, Rebecca). According to the fictitious description on its official website, the hotel was completed in 1939 and "intended to be New York City's finest and most decadent luxury hotel." The site goes on to explain that "six weeks before opening, and two days after the outbreak of World War II, the legendary hotel was condemned and left locked, permanently sealed from the public" until it was restored and reinvented by Punchdrunk and Emursive.[10][14]
The McKittrick Hotel is actually three adjoining warehouses in Chelsea's gallery district at 530 West 27th Street. The address is the former home of megaclubs Twilo, Spirit, Guesthouse, Home, Bed and more. The 100,000-square-foot (9,300 m2) space has been transformed by Punchdrunk into "some 100 rooms and environments, including a spooky hospital, mossy garden and bloody bedroom."[15]
In addition to the Manderley Bar, the McKittrick Hotel hosts several other venues to complement the theme and setting of the show. The sixth floor of the building houses The Heath, a restaurant made to resemble a 1930s train car. The small indoor entrance to the sixth floor represents the train stop in a station, with a period advertisement board, train schedule, and newspaper booth (which serves as a box office for Sleep No More). Gallow Green, a larger rooftop bar to complement the Manderley, sits atop the building. In the winter months, this is often converted to "The Lodge at Gallow Green", a large, indoor bothy-like structure put up over a large area of the roof which gives guests a similar sensory experience as Sleep No More, including a bunk bed, bookshelves to peruse, and drawers to open.
The McKittrick Hotel produces with Emursive and hosts a number of events, sometimes related to the story and characters of Sleep No More, sometimes not. These include SuperCinema, an occasional dance party and masquerade themed around a film (such as The Wizard of Oz or Clue); Inferno, an annual Halloween party; and occasional parties and events for New Year's, Valentine's Day, etc.[7][16][17][18]
In November 2016 for what was, at the time, a 10-week limited engagement, the McKittrick Hotel partnered with the National Theater of Scotland to bring David Greig's musical The Strange Undoing of Prudencia Hart to The Heath restaurant.[19][20] Hart's run was extended in January 2017, when the Hotel also announced a new series of parties for the year, "The McKittrick Masquerades", promising to reveal more about the Hotel and its residents. The Strange Undoing of Prudencia Hart played its final performance in the Heath on April 23, 2017.
In 2018 the Heath was re-purposed and partitioned in two. The new space has played host to at least two new events. The Lost Supper was billed as a "Hypnotic dinner" and offered a mixture of dining and cabaret performance.[21] It drew on some of the David Lynch–inspired tones of Sleep No More, but was not directly related to the show. It finished its run on September 9, 2018. The space is also used for the weekly Bartschland Follies, a late-night show headed by Susanne Bartsch involving a mix of cabaret and burlesque.[22]
Critics have favorably compared the production to other works from a wide range of media, with New York Magazine's Scott Brown referencing BioShock, Lost, Inception, and M. C. Escher, and The New York Times’ Ben Brantley referencing Stanley Kubrick, Joseph Cornell, David Lynch and Disney's Haunted Mansion.[12] The production is mostly wordless, prompting The New Yorker's Hilton Als to write: "Because language is abandoned outside the lounge, we’re forced to imagine it, or to make narrative cohesion of events that are unfolding right before our eyes. We can only watch as the performers reduce theatre to its rudiments: bodies moving in space. Stripped of what we usually expect of a theatrical performance, we’re drawn more and more to the panic the piece incites, and the anxiety that keeps us moving from floor to floor."[23] Testimonials for Sleep No More have also been given by such celebrities as Neil Patrick Harris, Emma Stone, Leslie Odom, Jr., Evan Rachel Wood, and Aaron Paul, all of whom have also appeared as guest characters in the production.
The show has received positive reviews in several publications including, The New York Times,[11] New York Magazine,[12] The New York Post,[24] and Time Out New York,[25] as well as a critical essay in The New Yorker and the cover article of the August 2011 Vanity Fair.[26]
As of March 2021, Sleep No More currently has an average rating of 4 out of 5 stars on Yelp, based on 1,284 reviews, with 70% of all reviews being 4 stars or above.[27] Similarly, on TripAdvisor, Sleep No More has garnered 1,625 customer reviews, with 77% being either 4 or 5 stars.[28] Many longtime fans of the show (some of whom have visited the McKittrick over 100 times) have also created dedicated blogs on sites such as Tumblr, where they share their experiences, reviews, and derivative fan works based on the show, story, characters, and cast.[29]
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Actors have alleged sexual misconduct by audience members.[30][31]
On July 13, 2016, Punchdrunk announced that Sleep No More would make its Asian premiere in Shanghai in December of the same year. This would be the first co-production between Punchdrunk International and Chinese company SMG Live.[32]
The Shanghai production of Sleep No More is housed in a disused building five stories high, renamed the "McKinnon Hotel", in the Jing'an District of the city.
The original creative team behind Punchdrunk's Sleep No More all worked on the Shanghai production, but the company is made up of long-term Punchdrunk collaborators as well as Chinese performers working with Punchdrunk for the first time.
It combines the original story from Macbeth with Chinese folk myths for the Chinese audience.
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