Southeast Sulawesi

Southeast Sulawesi (Indonesian: Sulawesi Tenggara, often abbreviated to Sultra), is a province on the island of Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of substantial offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii (formerly called Wowoni), together with many smaller islands. It is bordered by South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi to the north, sharing a maritime border with Maluku and North Maluku to the east and East Nusa Tenggara to the south, as well a very narrow maritime border with East Timor to the south. The capital is the city of Kendari, on the east coast of the peninsula.

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Southeast Sulawesi Sulawesi Tenggara
Province
Province of Southeast Sulawesi Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Seal
Motto(s):  Inae Konasara Iye Pinesara Inae Liasara Iye Pinekasara (Tolaki) "Whoever respects our traditions, we will respect. but whoever does not respect our traditions we will never respect."
Southeast Sulawesi in    Indonesia
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 3°57′00″S 122°30′00″E
Founded	27 April 1964
Capital and largest city	Kendari
Government
• Body	Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Government
• Governor	Andap Budhi Revianto (acting)
• Vice Governor	Vacant
Area
• Total	38,430.84 km2 (14,838.23 sq mi)
• Rank	24th in Indonesia
Highest elevation (Mount Menkongga)	2,650 m (8,694 ft)
Population  (mid 2023 estimate)[1]
• Total	2,743,574
• Density	71/km2 (180/sq mi)
Demographics
• Ethnic groups	36% Tolaki 26% Butonese 19% Muna 10% Moronene 5.2% Wawonii 3.5% Chinese 0.3% other
• Religion	96% Islam 2.3% Christianity 1.1% Hinduism 0.4% Buddhism
• Languages	Indonesian (official) Buginese (lingua franca) Cia-Cia, Moronene, Muna, Tolaki, Wakatobi, Wolio (regional)
Time zone	UTC+08 (Indonesia Central Time)
GDP (nominal)	2022
- Total	Rp 158,761 billion (23rd) US$ 10.69 billion US$ 33.36 billion (PPP)
- Per capita	Rp 58.76 million (19th) US$ 3,958 US$ 12,350 (PPP)
- Growth	5.25%
HDI (2024)	0.736[2] (23rd) – high
Website	sultraprov.go.id

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The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the Bone Gulf between Watampone (Bone) in South Sulawesi and the port of Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi.

From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the Buton Sultanate [zh] (Butung).^{[citation needed]}

The two major mountain ranges in Southeast Sulawesi are the Tanggeasinua Range and the Mekongga Range.^[3] The major rivers are the Lalinda, the Lasolo, and the Sampara.^[3][4]

The population of the province was 2,232,586 at the 2010 decennial census (1,120,225 males, and 1,110,344 females),^[5] increasing to 2,624,875 at the 2020 Census.^[6] The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,743,574.^[1] Konawe Selatan, Konawe, Kolaka and Muna are the four most populous regencies.

A third of the population is centered on Buton and Muna islands off the south coast of Sulawesi, and another 15% live in and around Kendari.

Southeast Sulawesi Province is divided into fifteen regencies (including the five new regencies established in 2013 and 2014) and two autonomous cities.

As at 1995, there were just four regencies within the province - Buton, Kolaka, Konawe and Muna. On 3 August, the city of Kendari was created from part of Konawe Regency, and on 21 June 2001 the city of Bau-Bau was created from part of Buton Regency.

On 25 February 2003, South Konawe Regency was created from part of Konawe Regency. On 18 December 2003, three new regencies were created - Bombana Regency and Wakatobi Regency from parts of Buton Regency, and North Kolaka Regency from part of Kolaka Regency. On 2 January 2007, two new regencies were created - North Konawe Regency from part of Konawe Regency, and North Buton Regency from part of Muna Regency.

In 2013 the Indonesian Government enacted the creation of 11 new Regencies and Municipalities, including the following in Southeast Sulawesi:

• Konawe Islands Regency, from part of Konawe Regency (enacted by Act No.8 of 2013, on 11 January 2013).
• East Kolaka Regency, from part of Konawe Regency (enacted by Act No.11 of 2013, on 11 May 2013).

Subsequently, on 24 June 2014, the Indonesian Parliament agreed to create three more new regencies, based on consideration of technical, administrative, area, strategic and geopolitic factors:^[9]

• South Buton Regency, from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
• Central Buton Regency, from part of Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).
• West Muna Regency, from part of Muna Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014).

These regencies and cities are tabulated below, with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census^[5] and the 2020 Census,^[6] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.^[1] The table also includes the location of the regency/city headquarters and their Human Development Index.

Notes

(a) Bombana Regency is mainly peninsula (the areas around Poleang and Rumbia on Sulawesi Island) but partly insular (including most of Kabaena Island).
(b) The Central Buton Regency comprises the southern part of Muna Island and a small southern part of Kabaena Island, but does not include any part of Buton Island.
(c) Under discussion by the Indonesian government in 2013 was a proposal to create an additional municipality of Raha, on Muna Island, but any such proposal is in abeyance and this potential extra municipality is not separated in the table above.
(d) The Konawe Islands Regency comprises Wawonii Island and small offshore islets around it.

The province now forms one of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the People's Representative Council. The Southeast Sulawesi Electoral District consists of all of the 15 regencies in the province, together with the cities of Kendari and Bau-Bau, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council.^[11]

• Wakatobi National Park