UEFA Nations League

Original format

The 55 UEFA national teams were divided into four leagues:^{[1][8][9][10][11]} 12 teams in League A; 12 teams in League B; 15 teams in League C; and 16 teams in Leagues D.^[12] In each league, four groups were formed (with three or four teams) and teams played each other both home and away.

Adjustment starting from 2020–21

After the completion of the first season, UEFA decided to adjust the format of the Nations League starting from the 2020–21 season. The new league structure comprised 16 teams in Leagues A, B, and C and seven teams in League D.^[13]

The transition to the new format occurred by making various one-time changes after the 2018–19 season, namely the suspension of relegations in both League A and League B, the promotion of the two best teams per group in both League C and League D (instead of only one team per group), and the promotion of the best third-placed team from League D.

This change to the format followed a collective consultation process, whereby all UEFA national associations reiterated their intent to further reduce the number of friendly matches. The number of competitive matches was increased from 142 to 168, thus increasing the commercial value and viewer appeal of the competition. Almost all teams in the same group played their last match simultaneously with the aim of promoting fairness.^[14] More matches were played within Leagues A and B, with the two leagues now incorporating competition between the 32 highest-ranked UEFA national associations, instead of the previous system where Leagues A and B together only incorporated 24 of the highest-ranked UEFA national associations.

Finals, promotion, and relegation

In the top league, League A, the winners of the four groups go on to play in the Nations League Finals, with two semi-finals, a third and fourth-place decider, and a final to decide which team becomes the UEFA Nations League champion. Beginning in 2024–25, the group winners and runners-up of League A advance to a new two-legged home-and-away quarter-final round. In each tie, group winners will face a runner-up from a different group, with the group winner hosting the second leg. The four quarter-final winners advance to the Nations League Finals using the same rules above.^{[15][16][17][18]}

Teams can also be promoted and relegated to a higher or lower league.^[19][20] Starting in 2020–21, each group winner in Leagues B, C, and D is automatically promoted to the next higher league while the last-placed team in each group in Leagues A and B is automatically relegated to the next lower league for the next tournament. From 2020–21 to 2022–23, the League C teams to be relegated were determined by play-outs among fourth-placed teams, the specific ties being based on the teams' Nations League overall ranking. The teams that won on aggregate over two legs remained in League C while the losing teams were relegated to League D.^[21]

Starting in 2024–25, the two worst-ranked League C teams will automatically be relegated. Furthermore, promotion/relegation play-offs were introduced, with the third-placed teams of League A facing the runners-up of League B, the third-placed teams of League B facing the runners-up of League C, and the two best-ranked fourth-placed teams of League C facing the runners-up of League D, with the winners going to the higher league and the losers entering the lower league.^{[15][16][17][18]} In all cases, the higher-ranked team hosts the second leg. If the aggregate score is level, extra time will be played without the away goals rule enforced, and if it is still tied after extra time, a penalty shoot-out will be used to decide the winner, as per guidelines by the UEFA Executive Committee on 16 December 2021.^[21]

UEFA European Championship link

The UEFA Nations League is linked with the UEFA European Championship qualifying, providing teams another chance to qualify for the UEFA European Championship.

There were play-offs for each of Leagues A, B, C, and D in October and November 2020. Each group winner earned a spot in the semi-finals. If the group winner was already one of the 20 qualified teams, rankings were used to give the play-off spot to another team of that league. If fewer than four teams in the entire league remained unqualified, play-off spots for that league were given to teams of the next lower league. This determined the four remaining qualifying spots for the European Championship (out of 24 total).^[10][11][22] However, starting with UEFA Euro 2024 onward,^[23] the now-downsized League D will no longer be given its own path. Instead, if any of Leagues A, B, or C have fewer than four teams that did not qualify directly for Euro 2024, the best-ranked group winner of League D will advance to the play-offs (unless that team already qualified for the final tournament). The remaining spots will be allocated based on the Nations League overall ranking, however, group winners from Leagues B and C cannot face teams from a higher league. Therefore, additional teams from League D can only advance to the play-offs if enough teams from League C qualify directly.^[24]

FIFA World Cup link

The Nations League was linked with European qualification for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, although to a lesser degree than the UEFA European Championship qualifying play-offs. The first round of the 2022 World Cup qualification consisted of ten groups, with each group winner directly qualified for the World Cup. Then, the second round (which followed a playoff format) was contested by the ten group runners-up, plus the best two Nations League group winners (based on the Nations League overall ranking) that finished outside the top two of their qualifying group. The playoffs were split into three playoff paths, played in two semi-finals (hosted by the seeded teams) and the final (with the home teams to be drawn), from which an additional three teams also qualified.^[25]

For 2026, it will be again partially linked with European qualification for the 2026 FIFA World Cup. The first round of the 2026 World Cup qualification consisted of twelve groups, with each group winner qualified directly for the World Cup. Then, in the second round, the twelve qualifying group runners-up and the four best-ranked Nations League group winners who are not qualifying group winners or runners-up will be drawn into four play-off paths of single-leg semi-finals and single-leg finals to determine the last four UEFA teams to qualify for the World Cup.^[26]

In an interview with the Polish website meczyki.pl, UEFA vice-president Zbigniew Boniek said that all 10 teams from CONMEBOL, the South American Football Confederation, would join the UEFA Nations League from the 2024–25 edition of the competition.^[27] The plans, which would have acted as a response to FIFA's biennial World Cup plans, were intended as part of enhanced cooperation between the two organisations following the signing of a memorandum of understanding and the opening of a joint office in London.^[28] However, such an expansion was made unlikely after CONMEBOL submitted a request to FIFA to maintain the round-robin qualification format for the 2026 FIFA World Cup.^[29] On 25 January 2023, the UEFA Executive Committee confirmed the format for the 2024–25 UEFA Nations League, with no South American teams to be added.^[15]

Final tournament appearances by team

More information Team, Winners ...

Team	Winners	Runners-up	Third place	Fourth place	Total
Spain	1 (2023)	1 (2021)			2
France	1 (2021)				1
Portugal	1 (2019*)				1
Netherlands		1 (2019)		1 (2023*)	2
Croatia		1 (2023)			1
Italy			2 (2021*, 2023)		2
England			1 (2019)		1
Belgium				1 (2021)	1
Switzerland				1 (2019)	1

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Top goalscorers

More information Season, League A ...

Season	League A		League B		League C		League D
	Player		Player		Player		Player
2018–19	Haris Seferovic	5	Edin Džeko Patrik Schick	3	Aleksandar Mitrović	6	Yura Movsisyan Stanislaw Drahun	5
2020–21	Romelu Lukaku Ferran Torres	6	Erling Haaland	6	Sokol Cikalleshi Rauno Sappinen Stevan Jovetić Haris Vučkić	4	Klæmint Olsen	4
2022–23	Michy Batshuayi Luka Modrić Steven Bergwijn Memphis Depay	3	Erling Haaland Aleksandar Mitrović	6	Khvicha Kvaratskhelia Vedat Muriqi	5	Vladislavs Gutkovskis	5
2024–25			Erling Haaland	7	Viktor Gyökeres	9	Liam Walker Nicola Nanni	2

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Team performances

•  1  – Champions
•  2  – Runners-up
•  3  – Third place
•  4  – Fourth place
•  5  – Quarter-finalists (from 2024–25, ranked based on final overall ranking)
• – Promoted
• – No movement
• – Relegated
• * – Participated in promotion/relegation play-offs
• † – Promoted after format change
• † – Avoided relegation after format change
• Q – Qualified for upcoming UEFA Nations League Finals
• P/R – Qualified for upcoming promotion/relegation play-offs
•    – Host country of UEFA Nations League Finals

More information National team, Seasons in league ...

National team	Seasons in league				Season
					2018–19			2020–21			2022–23			2024–25			2026–27
	A	B	C	D	Lg	Rk	M	Lg	Rk	M	Lg	Rk	M	Lg	Rk	M	Lg	Rk	M
Albania	—	2	3	—	C	34		C	35		B	27		B	29		C
Andorra	—	—	—	5	D	53		D	55		D	53		D	54		D
Armenia	—	1	2	1	D	45	†	C	36		B	31		C	40	P/R
Austria	1	3	—	—	B	18		B	18		A	13		B	22	P/R
Azerbaijan	—	—	3	2	D	46	†	C	43		C	38		C	47		D
Belarus	—	—	4	1	D	43		C	38		C	46		C	41		C
Belgium	4	—	—	—	A	5		A	4		A	7		A	12	P/R
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2	3	—	—	B	13		A	15		B	18		A	16		B
Bulgaria	—	1	3	—	C	29	†	B	31		C	40		C	39	P/R
Croatia	5	—	—	—	A	9	†	A	12		A	2		A			A
Cyprus	—	—	5	—	C	36	†	C	46	*	C	45		C	43		C
Czech Republic	2	3	—	—	B	20		B	19		A	14		B	20		A
Denmark	4	1	—	—	B	15		A	7		A	5		A			A
England	4	1	—	—	A	3		A	9		A	15		B	17		A
Estonia	—	—	4	1	C	37	†	C	47	*	D	49		C	44		C
Faroe Islands	—	—	3	2	D	50		D	50		C	41		C	42		C
Finland	—	3	2	—	C	28		B	21		B	21		B	32		C
France	5	—	—	—	A	6		A	1		A	12		A			A
Georgia	—	1	2	1	D	40		C	42		C	33		B	26	P/R
Germany	5	—	—	—	A	11	†	A	8		A	10		A			A
Gibraltar	—	—	1	3	D	49		D	49		C	48	*	D	52	P/R
Greece	—	1	3	—	C	33		C	37		C	34		B	21	P/R
Hungary	2	1	1	—	C	31	†	B	20		A	8		A	11	P/R
Iceland	2	2	—	—	A	12	†	A	16		B	23		B	27	P/R
Israel	1	3	1	—	C	30	†	B	25		B	17		A	14		B
Italy	5	—	—	—	A	8		A	3		A	3		A			A
Kazakhstan	—	1	3	1	D	47	†	C	45	*	C	36		B	31		C
Kosovo	—	—	3	1	D	42		C	44		C	39		C	38	P/R
Latvia	—	—	1	3	D	51		D	53		D	50		C	45	P/R
Liechtenstein	—	—	—	5	D	52		D	51		D	55		D	53		D
Lithuania	—	—	4	1	C	39	†	C	41		C	47	*	C	48		D
Luxembourg	—	—	3	1	D	44	†	C	39		C	37		C	46	P/R
Malta	—	—	—	4	D	54		D	52		D	52		D	51	P/R
Moldova	—	—	2	3	D	48	†	C	48	*	D	51		D	49		C
Montenegro	—	2	3	—	C	35		C	34		B	28		B	30		C
Netherlands	5	—	—	—	A	2		A	6		A	4		A			A
North Macedonia	—	1	3	1	D	41		C	40		C	42		C	35		B
Northern Ireland	—	3	2	—	B	24	†	B	32		C	44		C	36		B
Norway	1	3	1	—	C	26		B	22		B	24		B	18		A
Poland	4	1	—	—	A	10	†	A	10		A	11		A	13		B
Portugal	5	—	—	—	A	1		A	5		A	6		A			A
Republic of Ireland	—	4	—	—	B	23	†	B	28		B	26		B	28	P/R
Romania	—	3	2	—	C	32	†	B	26		B	29		C	33		B
Russia	—	2[a]	—	—	B	17		B	24		B	32	[a]	Suspended[b]
San Marino	—	—	1	4	D	55		D	54		D	54		D	50		C
Scotland	1	2	1	—	C	25		B	23		B	20		A	9	P/R
Serbia	1	2	1	—	C	27		B	27		B	19		A	10	P/R
Slovakia	—	2	2	—	B	21	†	B	30		C	43		C	37	P/R
Slovenia	—	2	2	—	C	38	†	C	33		B	25		B	25	P/R
Spain	5	—	—	—	A	7		A	2		A	1		A			A
Sweden	1	3	1	—	B	16		A	14		B	30		C	34		B
Switzerland	4	1	—	—	A	4		A	11		A	9		A	15		B
Turkey	—	3	1	—	B	22	†	B	29		C	35		B	23	P/R
Ukraine	1	3	—	—	B	14		A	13		B	22		B	24	P/R
Wales	2	3	—	—	B	19		B	17		A	16		B	19		A

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As of 19 November 2024

Support

UEFA devised the tournament as a means to eliminate international friendlies – an aim that has been shared by many football clubs and supporters, with the regular football season being interrupted with non-competitive international matches as part of the FIFA International Match Calendar.^[33][34][35] Furthermore, it gives many countries who have not qualified for a major tournament a fighting chance.^[36][37]

In February 2012, it was agreed between UEFA and the European Club Association (ECA) that the international friendly schedule would be reduced from 12 to 9 matches a year with the August round of international friendlies in the UEFA confederation abolished from 2015.^[38] The aspiration to eliminate friendlies in favour of a more competitive tournament has been both welcomed and criticised by many football commentators.^[39][40][41]

Supporters more than most realise that most friendlies fail to deliver competitive and meaningful football. Now they will have the opportunity to see their teams play in more competitive matches, take part in a new competition and get a second chance to qualify for the major tournaments. There will certainly be fewer friendly internationals and undoubtedly fewer meaningless friendlies. However, there will still be space in the calendar for friendly internationals – particularly warm-up matches for final tournaments. UEFA is also keen that European teams will still have the chance to play opponents from other confederations.

— UEFA.^[42]

Criticism

The format has been criticised for allowing weaker teams to qualify through the Nations League to compete in the European Championship finals, instead of qualifying through the standard qualification process.^[43] However, once the tournament began in 2018, it got applause for "very high-level matches" and impressive turnouts in the initial round of fixtures.^{[44][45][46][37]}

However, criticism against Nations League resurfaced again in 2022 when major footballers like Kevin de Bruyne and Virgil van Dijk condemned the Nations League as "unimportant" and only to glorify some friendlies as well as questioning the calendar due to possibility of injuries.^[47] Their stance is also shared by Jürgen Klopp, who called it "ridiculous".^[48] Croatia international Luka Modrić sparked even wider debate by criticising UEFA for making players play Nations League games so soon after the end of the season.^[49]