-mu

Etymology

Etymology unclear. Originally dialectal, revitalised by Estonian terminologist and lexicographer Johannes Voldemar Veski. Possibly from Proto-Finnic *-ma + Proto-Finnic *-o. Compare Finnish -mo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈ-mu/

Suffix

-mu (genitive -mu, partitive -mut)

1. Forms nouns indicating a place.

   ‎valama (“to pour”) + ‎-mu → ‎valamu (“sink, basin”)

   ‎vara (“asset”) + ‎-mu → ‎varamu (“collection of assets with a high value”)

   ‎püha (“sacred, holy, saint”) + ‎-mu → ‎pühamu (“sanctuary”)

   ‎era- (“private”) + ‎-mu → ‎eramu (“private house”)

Alternative forms

• -moe (1901–1947)

Etymology

From Malay -mu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mu, from Proto-Austronesian *mu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mu/

Suffix

-mu

1. (casual or informal, usually singular) second person oblique enclitic pronoun
   1. as a possessive adjective

      temanmu ― your friend

   2. as a direct or indirect object

      mereka sedang mencarimu ― they're looking for you

      ayah akan memberimu uang ― Father will give you money

   3. as an object of a preposition, with the exception for di, ke, and dalam

      hadiah ini untukmu ― this gift is for you

See also

Further reading

• “-mu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Romanization

-mu

1. Rōmaji transcription of む

Pronoun

-mu

1. second person singular genitive enclitic

Pronoun

-mu

1. second person singular subject enclitic
2. second person singular possessive enclitic

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mu, from Proto-Austronesian *mu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-mu/
• Rhymes: -mu, -u

Suffix

-mu (Jawi spelling ـمو)

1. your.

   Aku telah memulangkan penselmu. ― I've returned your pencil.

2. you. (object)

   Aku rela berada bersamamu. ― I'd rather be with you.

See also

Suffix

-mu

1. (Marks comitative case of nouns), with, alongside, in the company of
   • 1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes‎:

     Hippiš wattinekne nuhhu i-šuyakmamu

     He only went there with his relatives

1. (Marks personal locative in pronouns, takes place of -tak which is only used for nouns), with, alongside, toward (someone)
   • 1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes‎:

     hajji nommo kaanamu

     come here with me

Suffix

-mu

1. cislocative, translocative.

   apay (“to carry”) → apamuy (“to bring; to take”)

   tiyay (“to sit”) → tiyamuy (“to come sit; to go sit”)

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *-mu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-mu, from Proto-Austronesian *-amu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-mi/

Suffix

-mu

1. A second-person plural possessive suffix.

Further reading

• Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 365