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Describe the location, size and shape of suprarenal gland.
Suprarenal glands are paired endocrine glands that secretes steroid hormones and catecholamines.
Location: Supra renal glands are located retoperitoneally between upper poles of kidneys and diaphragm.
Shape: Right adrenal gland is pyramidal in shape and left is crescentic/semilunar shaped.
Dimensions: Length: 5cm, Breadth: 3cm, Thickness: 1cm, Weight: 5 gm.
Describe the gross features of suprarenal glands.
Right adrenal gland has
- Apex
- Base
- Three borders (anterior, medial, lateral)
- Two surfaces (anterior and posterior)
Left adrenal gland has
- Two ends (upper and lower)
- Two borders (medial and lateral)
- Two surfaces (anterior and posterior)
What are the relations of suprarenal glands?
Following are the relations of right and left suprarenal glands:
Anterior relations | Posterior relations | |
---|---|---|
Right adrenal gland | Inferior vena cava | Right crus of diaphragm |
Right love of liver | Kidney | |
Left adrenal gland | Stomach | Left crus of diaphragm Kidney |
Splenic artery Pancreas | ||
Describe the blood supply of suprarenal glands.
Arterial supply
Each gland is supplied by three arteries.
- Superior suprarenal artery – branch of inferior phrenic artery
- Middle suprarenal artery – branch of abdominal aorta
- Inferior suprarenal artery – branch of renal artery
Venous drainage
Each adrenal gland is drained by a single vein.
- Right suprarenal vein drains into inferior vena cava.
- Left suprarenal vein drains into left renal vein.
Applied Aspect
Pheochromocytoma
It is a tumor of the medulla of adrenal gland that produce excess adrenaline. This can cause severe increase in blood pressure.
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