Heat steel

Induction heating is used to heat steel reactor vessels in the chemical process industry (5). The heat produced in the walls is conducted to the material within. Multisectioned cods are used to provide controlled heat input to the process material as it passes through the reactor. Figure 6 illustrates a cross section of such a typical installation. [Pg.128]

Your teacher demonstrated the effect of heating steel wool, and it proved to be a spectacular exception to the generalization about melting. An inexperienced observer might note this special behavior in his notebook, cross reference it under Sparklers, and proceed to the next substance. A curious person, however, cannot resist wondering, Why does steel wool behave in this special manner ... [Pg.7]

Here is a proposal subject to direct test. We can place steel wool under an atmosphere that excludes oxygen gas, and look for a change in the heating behavior. We go to the laboratory, heat steel wool under carbon dioxide and, lo, the steel wool melts ... [Pg.8]

MaStovska et al5 demonstrated the use of a 5-m GC capillary column surrounded by a tube of resistively heated steel to raise the column temperature more rapidly and uniformly than a conventional GC oven. They analyzed 15 organophosphoms... [Pg.737]

Whitehead, R.E. 1973. Environment of stratiform sulphide deposition variation in Mn Fe ratio in host rocks at heat Steele Mine, New Brunswick, Canada. Mineralium Deposita, 8, 148-160... [Pg.50]

POUR A FEW ml HOUSEHOLD OIL IN TEST TUBE. PLACE WAD OF STEEL WOOL NEAR MOUTH OF TUBE. CLOSE IT WITH STOPPER THAT HAS A GLASS TUBE WITH JET TIP. HEAT STEEL WOOL. A LITTLE LATER, ALSO HEAT THE OIL. OIL IS CRACKED INTO GAS THAT BURNS WHEN IGNITED. [Pg.83]

In a standard ICP MS spectrometer, a sample is loaded into the ionization (plasma) zone in the form of an aerosol at room temperature. The connector between the chromatograph and the spectrometer must prevent the condensation of vapors of separated compounds. Usually, it has the form of a resistance-heated steel capillary coimected to detectors in the following modes ... [Pg.350]

Steel is an alloy made of iron and carbon. When heated, steel can be worked into many useful shapes. [Pg.149]

We observed that the heated steel lines initially underwent a conditioning process by the flue gas. The composition or gas exiting from the system varied for 10-20 min before stabilizing. If the system was not used for several days, the lines had to be reconditioned. [Pg.208]

Slot furnaces are in general use throughout the steel industry to heat steel for forging and are usually fired with light oil. Because many such furnaces are located in small businesses, it is difficult to obtain an accurate estimate of their total energy use. The best approximation available is that about 0.2 quad is consumed in slot forge furnaces annually. [Pg.62]

Here is another example of two elements reacting to form a compound whose properties are different from either element. Heated steel (iron) wool reacts with chlorine gas to form iron(III) chloride, the brown cloud you see in the flask. [Pg.129]

The acid, which was prepared from aldehyde made from acetylene (42), was passed through heated steel tubes which were coated with a mixture of hydrated lime and magnesia. The tubes were filled with steel balls coated with the same substances which served as catalysts. The gases from the tubes were condensed after being passed through a hot solution of sodium carbonate. The 20 per cent solution of acetone thus obtained was rectified by distillation. The acetone was very pure and the yield was about 95 per cent of the theoretical. [Pg.206]

CL-AGE copolymer films of ca. 3-mil-thickness were additionally vacuum-dried for 48 hours. Two sample temperatures, 25°C(semi-crystalline state) and 80°C(melt state), were utilized for irradiation. For the higher temperature of 80°C, a heated steel plate was used as the substrate for the copolymer. The film sample was placed on this temperature-controlled steel plate and passed through the electrocurtain system described below. For the irradiation process which required two passes, following the first pass the sample was again immediately placed on another 80 C steel plate and passed through the electrocurtain system a second time. [Pg.478]

In each step of vulcanization, the section of the belt to be vulcanized is gripped and stretched hydraulically to minimize or eliminate elongation during use. The difliculties of press cure may, however, be avoided by adopting continuous vulcanization with a Rotocure equipment in which the actual curing operation is carried out between an internally steam heated cylinder and a heated steel band. Rotocure is also useful for the vulcanization of transmission belts and rubber sheeting. [Pg.257]

FIGURE 39.25 Condebelt dryer arrangements (a) high z-pressure arrangement (b) low z-pressure arrangement with pre- and booster-heated steel band. (Courtesy of Valmet-Tampella.)... [Pg.791]

Many charts have been developed for predicting the time it takes to heat steel. (See figs. 3.12 and 4.21a.) The industry now has better methods for predicting required heating times (e.g., the Shannon Method, in chap. 8). It combines (a) the radiation heat transfer equation for the time it takes to transfer the required heat to the load, with (b) lag time theory. Together, (a) and (b) predict how fast and how uniformly a product can be heated, knowing the size and nature of the pieces to be heated and their location relative to the furnace gases and the refractory. [Pg.84]

The lag time theory uses the following equations and factors to determine the extra time required for the center of a load piece to catch up with its surface temperature. The time necessary for a piece to reach a required temperature with uniformity throughout depends on the conductivity, density, and thickness of the material, and the number of sides exposed for heat transfer. Equations 3.1 and 3.2, for heating steel, show that the lag time increases as the square of the thickness. (See fig. 3.8.)... [Pg.84]

The calender, usually consisting of three or four heated steel rolls, is very simple in principle. However, in order to obtain wide thin films with narrow thickness tolerances and constant properties, numerous precautions must be taken, which make the designing and operating of a calender a skilled art.9.10.11... [Pg.418]

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