Cleaning, in situ

Equipment Operation Spray nozzles suffer from caking on the outside and clogging on the inside. When the nozzle is below the bed surface, fast capture of the liquid drops by bed particles, as well as scouring of the nozzle by particles, prevents caking. Blockages inside the nozzle are also common, particularly for slurries. The nozzle design shoiild be as simple as possible and provision for in situ cleaning or easy removal is essential. [Pg.1897]

M.L. Hamilton, B.B. Perston, PW. Harland, B.E. Williamson, M.A. Thomson and P.J. Melling, Grazing-angle fiber-optic IRRAS for in situ cleaning validation, Org. Process Res. Dev., 9, 337-343 (2005). [Pg.461]

With regards to this it is clear that the wafer pretreatment is of key importance for obtaining good selectivity. Such pretreatments can vary from wet clean steps to in situ dry clean steps. In situ clean steps have the advantage that they can be done in vacuo in an integrated (cluster) tool. Unfortunately not much has been published in the literature about the in situ pretreatments. In one study a NF3 plasma is reported to be able to remove native oxide from silicon [Kajiyana et al.84]. [Pg.73]

Water or sewer line decontamination In situ cleaning replacement alternative supply... [Pg.477]

On the basis of laboratory and field tests accomphshed in the USA an in-situ cleaning of groundwater containing MTBE can be achieved by cultivating plants. In a field study, poplars were planted downstream of a MTBE plume. The calculated reduction of MTBE concentration in the groimdwa-ter amounted to approximately 37-67% within 10 days [18]. However, the examination of applicabihty of phytoremediation requires field tests. It is conceivable that phytoremediation could be used if high order subjects of protection are not directly concerned and if the necessary reaction area and time can be accepted. [Pg.268]

Another advantage demonstrated is that all those semiquinones, which show some stability over a pH zone, can be generated in situ cleanly by a combination of micellar solubilisation and photolytic irradiation [51,52]. [Pg.296]

Pd particles (1-15 nm) were prepared by ultra high vacuum (UHV) condensation of the metal on clean MgO or ZnO microcrystals, on ZnO (00.1) thin epitaxial layers synthesized in situ and on clean (001) MgO single crystals, air cleaved and in situ cleaned. The metal was evaporated from a Knudsen cell at a calibrated flux b The temperatures of the substrates were between 400 °C... [Pg.1196]

Figure 14.17 also shows that in situ cleaning with EUV radiation in the presence of a residual amount of molecular oxygen is effective in restoring lost reflectivity. [Pg.729]

The deposition step is usually preceded by an in situ cleaning step to remove residual organics. Cleaning is carried out in an Ar/02 plasma. Typical conditions are 60% Ar, 40% O2 ... [Pg.28]

Isocyanates react with hydrated oxide layers on metal surfaces, thus producing an in-situ clean surface, and therein most probably allowing the urea groups of the adhesive to form chemical bonds with the residual valencies of the metal lattice. [Pg.224]

The rate of absorption within plants depends on the species, redox potential, and Fe presence. The P. vittata has a higher potential for in situ cleaning-up of arsenic-contaminated soils and suggests that As phytoextraction is a constitutive property in P. vittata. [Pg.242]

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