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Electrostatic interactions

Determine the net DLVO interaction (electrostatic plus dispersion forces) for two large colloidal spheres having a surface potential 0 = 51.4 mV and a Hamaker constant of 3 x 10 erg in a 0.002Af solution of 1 1 electrolyte at 25°C. Plot U(x) as a function of x for the individual electrostatic and dispersion interactions as well as the net interaction. [Pg.251]

The following sections contain a review of many of the varied synthetic systems that have been developed to date utilising noncovalent interactions to form assembhes of molecules. These sections are loosely demarcated according to the most important type of noncovalent interactions utilized in conferring supramolecular order (ie, van der Waal s interactions, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonds). For extensive reviews, see References 1,2,4—6,22,46,49,110—112. Finally, the development of self-assembling, self-replicating synthetic systems is noted. [Pg.208]

Several different kinds of noncovalent interactions are of vital importance in protein structure. Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic bonds, and van der Waals forces are all noncovalent in nature, yet are extremely important influences on protein conformations. The stabilization free energies afforded by each of these interactions may be highly dependent on the local environment within the protein, but certain generalizations can still be made. [Pg.159]

In solutions of nonelectrolytes where the particles do not interact electrostatically, the value of logoften increases linearly with increasing concentration ogfi, = b c... [Pg.121]

The active site of an enzyme is generally a pocket or cleft that is specialized to recognize specific substrates and catalyze chemical transformations. It is formed in the three-dimensional structure by a collection of different amino acids (active-site residues) that may or may not be adjacent in the primary sequence. The interactions between the active site and the substrate occur via the same forces that stabilize protein structure hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions (charge-charge), hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals interactions. Enzyme active sites do not simply bind substrates they also provide catalytic groups to facilitate the chemistry and provide specific interactions that stabilize the formation of the transition state for the chemical reaction. [Pg.94]

The CL enhancement of the lucigenin reaction with catecholamines in the presence of HTAH micelles was used for determination of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine [42], However, the presence of an anionic surfactant, SDS, inhibits the CL of the system. The aforementioned CL enhancement in the presence of HTAH can be explained in the following way the deprotonated forms of the catecholamines are expected to be the principal species present in aqueous alkaline solution due to the dissociation of the catechol hydroxyl groups, and to react with lucigenin to produce CL. The anionic form of the catecholamines and the hydroxide ion interact electrostatically with and bond to the cationic micelle, to which the lucigenin also bonds. Therefore, the effective concentration of the... [Pg.299]

Theoretical models include those based on classical (Newtonian) mechanical methods—force field methods known as molecular mechanical methods. These include MM2, MM3, Amber, Sybyl, UFF, and others described in the following paragraphs. These methods are based on Hook s law describing the parabolic potential for the stretching of a chemical bond, van der Waal s interactions, electrostatics, and other forces described more fully below. The combination assembled into the force field is parameterized based on fitting to experimental data. One can treat 1500-2500 atom systems by molecular mechanical methods. Only this method is treated in detail in this text. Other theoretical models are based on quantum mechanical methods. These include ... [Pg.129]

Proper insertion of the hydrophobic C-terminus may enable the cationic region at the N-terminus to interact electrostatically with negatively charged polar membrane components [175]. [Pg.176]

It is reasonable to assume that the first two-electron process result in the simultaneous oxidation of the two outer ferrocenyl units of the molecule (which are quite distant from each other, and hence not electrostatically interacting), whereas the second one-electron oxidation should be centred on the central ferrocenyl group (that can interact electrostatically with the now positively charged lateral subunits). [Pg.179]

In order to resolve these challenges, it is essential to account for chain connectivity, hydrodynamic interactions, electrostatic interactions, and distribution of counterions and their dynamics. It is possible to identify three distinct scenarios (a) polyelectrolyte solutions with high concentrations of added salt, (b) dilute polyelectrolyte solutions without added salt, and (c) polyelectrolyte solutions above overlap concentration and without added salt. If the salt concentration is high and if there is no macrophase separation, the polyelectrolyte solution behaves as a solution of neutral polymers in a good solvent, due to the screening of electrostatic interaction. Therefore for scenario... [Pg.5]

In principle, one could take advantage of any kind of molecular interaction (electrostatic, H-bonding, covalent, etc.) to immobilize NAs onto surfaces, provided that the substrate and arrayed material carry the appropriate functionalities. However, in reality the surface chemistries and mechanisms employed in substrate modification are limited. In some cases coupling molecules (cross-linkers) are necessary to increase the affinity (or reactivity) of the interacting groups. [Pg.79]

Dextrans are another class of carbohydrates that can be used as polymeric gels for the immobilization of NAs [62]. In their native form, dextrans cannot interact electrostatically or covalently with NAs and therefore must be acti-... [Pg.97]

Dipole-ion interaction When bond electrons are asymmetrically distributed over both atomic nuclei, one atom will bear a negative (5 ), and its partner a positive (5+) partial charge. The molecule thus presents a positive and a negative pole, i.e., has polarity or a dipole. A partial charge can interact electrostatically with an ion of opposite charge. [Pg.58]


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Additivity of the electrostatic interaction

Adsorbed electrostatic interactions

Anion binding dipolar electrostatic interaction

Anion cation electrostatic interactions

Anisotropic media electrostatic interactions

Anomeric effect electrostatic interactions

Antibody-hapten interactions electrostatic interaction

Blood components, electrostatic interaction

Calorimetry electrostatic interactions

Catalysis electrostatic interactions

Cation electrostatic interactions

Charged macromolecules, electrostatic interactions

Chromatography electrostatic interaction

Chromophores electrostatic interactions

Colloids electrostatic interactions

Computational chemistry electrostatic interactions

Conformations electrostatic interactions

Coulomb interactions electrostatic properties

Coulombic electrostatic interaction forces

Coulombic or Electrostatic Interactions

Counterion condensation-electrostatic interaction theory

Crystal electrostatic interactions

Double helix electrostatic interactions

Double-layer interaction, electrostatic force

Drug-receptor electrostatic interactions

Effect of electrostatic interaction

Effective interactions electrostatic

Effective interactions electrostatic-spin-orbit

Electric moments electrostatic interaction integrals

Electronic wave functions electrostatic interactions

Electrostatic Anisotropy, Donor-Acceptor Interactions and Polarization

Electrostatic Interaction Between Different Surfaces

Electrostatic Interaction Between Soft Particles

Electrostatic Interaction and Steric Repulsion

Electrostatic Interactions Involving Dipoles

Electrostatic Interactions and the Hydrogen Bond

Electrostatic Interactions with a Continuum

Electrostatic and Dispersion Interactions

Electrostatic and Orbital Interactions in H Bonds

Electrostatic and Spin-Orbit Interaction

Electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions

Electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions

Electrostatic and orbital interaction

Electrostatic and van der Waals Interactions

Electrostatic bonds/interactions

Electrostatic charge interactions

Electrostatic concepts, interaction forces

Electrostatic correlated spin-orbit interaction

Electrostatic dipole interactions

Electrostatic dipole interactions orientational ordering

Electrostatic double-layer interaction

Electrostatic energy interaction calculation

Electrostatic energy of interaction

Electrostatic field interaction

Electrostatic forces nonbonded interactions

Electrostatic interaction Nonbonded interactions)

Electrostatic interaction adsorption

Electrostatic interaction between reactants

Electrostatic interaction between two identical surfaces

Electrostatic interaction between various electron

Electrostatic interaction characteristic regions

Electrostatic interaction contact

Electrostatic interaction energy

Electrostatic interaction energy, SCRF calculations

Electrostatic interaction factor

Electrostatic interaction integrals

Electrostatic interaction matrix elements

Electrostatic interaction model induced dipole

Electrostatic interaction nonuniformly charged

Electrostatic interaction of point charges

Electrostatic interaction operator

Electrostatic interaction pairs

Electrostatic interaction rate enhancement

Electrostatic interaction relative strengths

Electrostatic interaction salt-free medium

Electrostatic interaction, calculation

Electrostatic interaction, clarifying

Electrostatic interaction, model

Electrostatic interaction, molecular theories

Electrostatic interaction, theoretical study

Electrostatic interactions - Organic mobile phases

Electrostatic interactions 3-elimination

Electrostatic interactions Coulombic

Electrostatic interactions Debye-Huckel theory

Electrostatic interactions London forces

Electrostatic interactions Poisson—Boltzmann equation

Electrostatic interactions attraction

Electrostatic interactions between

Electrostatic interactions between biopolymer groups

Electrostatic interactions between colloidal particles

Electrostatic interactions bonding

Electrostatic interactions charge density distribution

Electrostatic interactions charge parameterization

Electrostatic interactions classification

Electrostatic interactions complex coacervation

Electrostatic interactions counterion distribution

Electrostatic interactions disproportionation

Electrostatic interactions effects

Electrostatic interactions electronic quadrupoles

Electrostatic interactions energy decomposition

Electrostatic interactions enthalpy estimates

Electrostatic interactions enzyme inhibitors

Electrostatic interactions force fields

Electrostatic interactions forces between charged surfaces

Electrostatic interactions free energy

Electrostatic interactions free energy calculations

Electrostatic interactions helical model

Electrostatic interactions hierarchy

Electrostatic interactions high charge density limit

Electrostatic interactions hydrogen bonds

Electrostatic interactions in DNA

Electrostatic interactions induced

Electrostatic interactions intermolecular forces

Electrostatic interactions ion-dipole

Electrostatic interactions ionic liquids

Electrostatic interactions many-body forces

Electrostatic interactions metal ions

Electrostatic interactions molecular charge distribution

Electrostatic interactions molecular ions

Electrostatic interactions molecular modeling

Electrostatic interactions monomers

Electrostatic interactions moving point charge

Electrostatic interactions multipole representations

Electrostatic interactions nucleic acid-metal binding

Electrostatic interactions of surfaces

Electrostatic interactions open-shell electrons

Electrostatic interactions partial electronic charges

Electrostatic interactions polarizability

Electrostatic interactions polyelectrolytes

Electrostatic interactions products

Electrostatic interactions protein-polysaccharide

Electrostatic interactions protons

Electrostatic interactions reactions

Electrostatic interactions salt effects

Electrostatic interactions short-range electron shell repulsion

Electrostatic interactions solute-solvent energy

Electrostatic interactions solvation free energy calculations

Electrostatic interactions stabilizing colloids

Electrostatic interactions stress

Electrostatic interactions stress between charged surfaces

Electrostatic interactions with

Electrostatic interactions, computation

Electrostatic interactions, control

Electrostatic interactions, control charge separation

Electrostatic interactions, control photoproducts

Electrostatic interactions, in proteins

Electrostatic interactions, solid-fluid

Electrostatic interactions, solid-fluid equilibrium

Electrostatic interactions, theoretical

Electrostatic interactions, theoretical aspects

Electrostatic interactions/forces

Electrostatic interactions/forces colloids

Electrostatic ion-solvent interaction

Electrostatic long range multipole interactions, penetration effects

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive behavior

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive computation

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive electronic charge distributions

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive electronic density function

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive halogen bonding

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive hydrogen bond acceptor

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive interaction

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive interaction energy

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive noncovalent interactions

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive perturbing effect

Electrostatic potential, molecular interactive reactivity

Electrostatic solute-solvent interaction models

Electrostatics Coulombic interactions

Enantioselective electrostatic interactions, immobilization

Free energy total-interaction, electrostatic

Functional groups electrostatic interactions

Globular proteins electrostatic interactions

Halogen substituents electrostatic interactions

Hamiltonian electrostatic interaction)

Head group electrostatic interaction

Hemoglobin electrostatic interactions

Hydrogels electrostatic interactions

Hydrogen bonding, 39 - Electrostatic interactions, 40 - Hydrophobicity, 44 - Dispersion forces

Immobilization of Organocatalysts through Electrostatic Interaction with Ionic Fragments

Inorganic anion receptors electrostatic interactions

Interaction averaged electrostatic

Interaction charge transfer-induced electrostatic

Interaction electrostatic repulsion

Interaction electrostatic, betaine

Interaction energy electrostatic component

Interaction energy electrostatic repulsion

Interaction potential, electrostatic

Interactions between molecules electrostatic

Interactions electronics electrostatic energy enthalpy

Interactions, apolar electrostatic

Interionic coulombic electrostatic interactions,

Interionic short range electrostatic interactions

Intermolecular interactions electrostatic

Intermolecular interactions electrostatic interaction energy

Intermolecular interactions electrostatic type

Internal electrostatic interactions

Intramolecular electrostatic interactions

Ion electrostatic interaction

Latex dispersion electrostatic interactions

Lewis acid-base interaction electrostatic attraction/covalent

Ligand binding electrostatic interactions

Liquid Catalysts Supported through Physisorption or via Electrostatic Interaction

London electrostatic interaction energy

Long-range electrostatic interactions

Lysozyme electrostatic interaction

Membrane electrostatic interactions

Microbial attachment electrostatic interactions

Models for electrostatic interactions

Molecular and Electrostatic Interaction Forces Acting on Drops

Molecular dynamics electrostatic interactions

Molecular electrostatic interaction

Molecular interactions electrostatic energies

Molecular mechanics electrostatic interactions

Non electrostatic interaction

Non-bonded interactions electrostatic

Non-specific Electrostatic Interactions

Nonbonding interactions electrostatic

Noncovalent bonds electrostatic interactions

Operator of averaged electrostatic interaction

Orbitals electrostatic interaction integrals

Organic solutes adsorption, from aqueous electrostatic interaction

Other Electrostatic Interactions

Pairs and Electrostatic Donor-Acceptor Interactions

Particle electrostatic interaction

Peptides electrostatic interactions hydrophobic

Phase transition electrostatic interactions

Phosphate recognition, electrostatic interactions/hydrogen bonds

Polarizability electrostatic interaction model

Polymer electrostatic interaction

Polyoxometalates electrostatic interactions

Potential energy of electrostatic interaction

Preparation of photoelectrodes by preparing nanographene-based building blocks via electrostatic interactions

Protein electrostatic interaction factor

Protein electrostatic interactions

Protein electrostatic interactions, bond strength

Protein-surface interactions electrostatic interaction

Recognition based on Electrostatic Interactions

Residual electrostatic interactions

Short range electrostatic interactions

Short-range non-electrostatic interactions

Solute-solvent interactions electrostatic

Solvation electrostatic interaction energy

Stabilization, electrostatic diffuse-layer interactions

Strain electrostatic interaction

Structure, three-dimensional electrostatic interactions

Surface electrostatic interactions

Surface phenomena, electrostatic interactions

Surfactants electrostatic interaction

The Influence of Electrostatic Interactions

Vinyl alcohol electrostatic interactions

Water electrostatic interaction

Work done and potential energy of electrostatic interactions

Zeolites electrostatic interactions

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