Bound ligand

Simulation of Small Ligands Bound in T4-lysozyme L99A... [Pg.137]

Hie obsewation of nonlinear effects, botli witli dialcone and witli cydobexe-none, fiirdier supporis tliis catalyst stoidiiometry Hie nonlinear effects can be explained by tlie involvement of diasteteonieric complexes L2CL1R, witli two diiral ligands bound to copper fFig. 7.2) [45]. [Pg.234]

This concept is demonstrated schematically in Figure 1.11. It can be seen that the initial bias in a system of proteins containing two conformations (square and spherical) lies far toward the square conformation. When a ligand (filled circles) enters the system and selectively binds to the circular conformations, this binding process removes the circles driving the backward reaction from circles back to squares. In the absence of this backward pressure, more square conformations flow into the circular state to fill the gap. Overall, there is an enrichment of the circular conformations when unbound and ligand-bound circular conformations are totaled. [Pg.14]

While the extended ternary complex model accounts for the presence of constitutive receptor activity in the absence of ligands, it is thermodynamically incomplete from the standpoint of the interaction of receptor and G-protein species. Specifically, it must be possible from a thermodynamic point of view for the inactive state receptor (ligand bound and unbound) to interact with G-proteins. The cubic ternary complex model accommodates this possibility [23-25]. From a practical point of view, it allows for the potential of receptors (whether unbound or bound by inverse agonists) to sequester G-proteins into a nonsignaling state. [Pg.50]

There are some specific differences between the cubic and extended ternary complex models in terms of predictions of system and drug behavior. The first is that the receptor, either ligand bound or not bound, can form a complex with the G-protein and that this complex need not signal (i.e., [ARiG] and [RjG]). Under these circumstances an inverse agonist (one that stabilizes the inactive state of the receptor) theoretically can form inactive ternary complexes and thus sequester G-proteins away from signaling pathways. There is evidence that this can occur with cannabi-noid receptor [26]. The cubic ternary complex model also... [Pg.51]

Both ligands have equilibrium association constants for receptor complexes of Ka and Kb, respectively. The binding of either ligand to the receptor modifies the affinity of the receptor for the other ligand by a factor a. There can be three ligand-bound receptor species namely [A R], [BR], and [BA R] ... [Pg.75]

In the 1920s, the Russian chemist Il ya Il ich Chemyaev systematized reactions of complexes of several metals, particularly platinum(II and IV), by noting that a ligand bound to a metal ion influenced the ease of replacement of the group trans to it in the complex [139]. [Pg.236]

Structures 5 and 6 display the solid state structures of two representative distibine and dibismuthine adducts. The ligands bound to the central Sb and Bi atoms adopt a staggered conformation in relation to one another, with the bulky M(t-Bu)3 groups arranged in a trans-position. This is likely due to repulsive steric interactions. The central Sb—Sb [281.1(1) 32 283.9(1) pm 35] and Bi—Bi bond distances [298.3(1) 36 and 298.4(1) pm 37] are almost unchanged compared to the uncomplexed distibines and dibismuthines, as can be seen... [Pg.137]

Percentage of total ligand bound to metal ions. [Pg.261]

In summary, the Mossbauer data presented by Fee et al. (5) gave the first conclusive evidence that Rieske clusters contain noncysteine ligands bound to the Fe" site of a localized mixed valence cluster. In addition, strong similarities with [2Fe-2S] clusters in bacterial dioxy-... [Pg.118]

Pyykkd, P. and Runeberg, N. (2006) Comparative Theoretical Study of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Other Ligands Bound to Au. Chemistry - An Asian Journal, 1, 623-628. [Pg.236]

This assay system developed by Chaires [136] is a new, powerful and effective tool based on the fundamental thermodynamic principle of equilibrium dialysis for the discovery of ligands that bind to nucleic acids with structural and sequence selectivity. Here, identical concentrations of various nucleic acid samples are dialysed in dispodialysers against a common ligand solution. At equilibrium, the contents of the ligand bound to each nucleic acid are determined and this is correlated directly to the ligand s specificity to a particular sequence. [Pg.171]

Complexes of 2-formylquinoline and 1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazones, 20 and 21, respectively, have been prepared, but iron(III) complexes were not included in the initial study [147], More recently [132], an iron(III) complex of 1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone, [Fe(21)Cl3] has been found to have a magnetic moment of about 2.1, g of 2.146, and involve the neutral ligand bound in a tridentate manner. A complex of the same stoichiometry was reported for 4-methyl-5-amino-1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone, 22. Its magnetic moment is about 2.1 and g, = 2.126. [Pg.18]

Highly interesting for most pharmaceutical applications is the conformahon of a ligand bound to its receptor. In Section 9.3, exchange-transferred experiments... [Pg.209]

Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...