Metal-loaded

Historically, the isomerization catalysts have included amorphous siUca-aluminas, zeoHtes, and metal-loaded oxides. AH of the catalysts contain acidity, which isomerizes the xylenes and if strong enough can also crack the EB and xylenes to benzene and toluene. Dual functional catalysts additionally contain a metal that is capable of converting EB to xylenes. [Pg.421]

Surfaces. Essentially any electrically conductive surface can be electroplated, although special techniques may be required to make the surface electrically conductive. Many techniques ate used to metalline nonconductive surfaces. These are weU-covered ia the Hterature (3) and can range from coating with metallic-loaded paints or reduced-silver spray, to autocatalytic processes on tin—palladium activated surfaces or vapor-deposited metals. Preparation steps must be optimized and closely controlled for each substrate being electroplated. [Pg.143]

Each precious metal or base metal oxide has unique characteristics, and the correct metal or combination of metals must be selected for each exhaust control appHcation. The metal loading of the supported metal oxide catalysts is typically much greater than for nobel metals, because of the lower inherent activity pet exposed atom of catalyst. This higher overall metal loading, however, can make the system more tolerant of catalyst poisons. Some compounds can quickly poison the limited sites available on the noble metal catalysts (19). [Pg.503]

The NPDES regulations (40 CFR 122.45) require effluent limits to be expressed as total recoverable metal. This requirement makes sense as a means to monitor and regulate both the total metal loading and also the effectiveness of wastewater treatment that involves chemical precipitation of the metal. [Pg.2162]

Calculating the Maximum Quantity of Lead and Lead Compounds. To calculate the maximum amount of lead and lead compounds present at your facility at any one time, you must consider types of metallic load and M types of lead compounds present at your facility, Including stockpiled raw materials, lead and lead oxide present in process equipment, the metallic lead and lead peroxide contained in finished batteries stored on-site, and stockpiled lead scrap. Since the reporting form is being prepared for lead compounds, the maximum amount reported is the total of the inventories of these materials. The maximum amount of metallic lead (2,305,000 pounds), lead oxide (205,000 pounds), and lead peroxide (625,000 pounds) present at your facility is 3,135,000 pounds, which is between 1,000,000 and 9,999,999 pounds. You would therefore report range 06 on Part III, Section 4, of the reporting form. [Pg.83]

METAL-LOADED SORBENTS AND MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS IN SPE-LC... [Pg.272]

H. Iith, R. Tocklu, K. Welten, G. J. de Jong, R. W. Frei and U. A. Th Brinkman, Trace enrichment on a metal-loaded thiol stationary phase in liquid cliromatography effect of analyte sti ucture and pH value on the (de)soiption behaviour , J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 7 1679-1690(1989). [Pg.298]

Finally, some authors have computed metal loading to the enviroranent from specific human activities, such as discharges of waste-water, and compared these with natural release rates. While the details of the computations and conclusions vary, the general observation for many metals is that anthropogenic contributions to metal ion transport rates and environmental burdens are approaching and in many cases have already exceeded natural contributions. A few such comparisons are provided in Tables 15-1-15-4. [Pg.379]

Transport in solution or aqueous suspension is the major mechanism for metal movement from the land to the oceans and ultimately to burial in ocean sediments. In solution, the hydrated metal ion and inorganic and organic complexes can all account for major portions of the total metal load. Relatively pure metal ores exist in many places, and metals from these ores may enter an aquatic system as a result of weathering. For most metals a more common sequence is for a small amount of the ore to dissolve, for the metal ions to adsorb onto other particulate matter suspended in flowing water, and for the metal to be carried as part of the particulate load of a stream in this fashion. The very insoluble oxides of Fe, Si, and A1 (including clays), and particulate organic matter, are the most important solid adsorbents on which metals are "carried."... [Pg.415]

Fig. 1. Effects of front brick volume on cold-start emissions at various poison penetration depths (underfloor converter location front brick with 225 g/fl Pd loading + 6 in. rear brick with 90 g/ft noble metal loading).

Additional simulations show that the cold-start emission performance of a close-coupled converter is also much less sensitive to poisoning than that of an underfloor converter (results not shown). These results suggest that optimizing the converter location provides an effective means of improving cold-start emission performance at lower noble metal loadings. [Pg.18]

Bimetallic Co-Mo oxide specimens were prepared via co-impregnation of calculated amounts of cobalt nitrate and ammonia heptamolybdate on y-alumina to achieve a total metal loading of 20wt% with an equimolar Co Mo ratio. Nitridation of catalysts was carried in a fixed bed... [Pg.245]

In the present study, catalysts containing 0.5 wt% transition metals were prepared and reaction was carried out. The results of these studies are presented in Fig. 3. In screen test of various transition metals loaded AC catalysts acetone was used as the solvent. It was also found that Fe containing catalyst gave the highest yield of phenol. Hence, for further study catalysts containing Fe loaded on activated carbon were chosen. [Pg.279]

The catalyst was prepared by impregnating porous alumina particles with a solution of nickel and lanthanum nitrates. The metal loading was 20 w1% for nickel and 10 wt% for lanthanum oxide. The catalyst particles were A group particles [8], whereas they were not classified as the AA oup [9]. The average particle diameter was 120 pm, and the bed density was 1.09 kg m . The minimum fluidization velocity was 9.6 mm s. The settled bed height was around 400 mm. The superficial gas velocity was 40-60 mm s. The reaction rate was controlled by changing the reaction temperature. [Pg.498]

Fig. 5 shows flie effects of various transition metal loadings fi>r Are 1i(VSi02 photocatalj t on the TCE removal efficiency. Even though several different Cu loading contaots have been tried, a better TCE removal efficiency was not obtained. But a better TCE removal conversion efficiency was... [Pg.583]

Fig. 3. Metal surface areas of supported Pt catalysts as a function of metal loading.

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