Normal process

The normal process is a rapid-but-smooth combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the engine due to the propagation of a flame front emanating from the spark created between the electrodes of the spark plug. [Pg.192]

Liquid products must undergo hydrogen processing before joining equivalent crude oil fractions and continuing the normal process property improvement steps. [Pg.380]

To average or plot a structural quantity, the structural quantity must first be selected and named by the normal process for creating named selections (select the atoms and then use the menu item Select/Name Selection to give the selected atoms a name). Erom then on the Molecular Dynamics Averages dialog box will show these named selections as possible candidates to be averaged or plotted in addition to energetic quantities described above. [Pg.321]

In cases where zooplankton are reared as a food for predatory larvae or fry, it may be necessary to maintain three cultures. Though wild zooplankton have been used successfully in some instances (eg, in Norway wild zooplankton have been collected and fed to larval Pacific haUbut), the normal process involves culturing algae to feed to zooplankton that are fed to a young shrimp or fish. [Pg.20]

Under normal processing conditions at 300—350°C, Tefzel resins are not subject to autocatalytic degradation. However, extended overheating can result in "blow-backs" through extmder feed hopper or barrel front. [Pg.370]

In the normal process ( ), step (J) occurs very rapidly and step (/) is the rate-determining step, whereas in the inhibition process (B), step (3) occurs very slowly, generally over a matter of days, so that it is rate determining. Thus it has been demonstrated with AChE that insecticides, eg, tetraethyl pyrophosphate and mevinphos, engage in first-order reactions with the enzyme the inhibited enzyme is a relatively stable phosphorylated compound containing one mole of phosphoms per mole of enzyme and as a result of the reaction, an equimolar quantity of alcohoHc or acidic product HX is hberated. [Pg.289]

Firing. A hot-air oven having forced circulation in a countercurrent mode is used to dry the fermented tea leaves and inactivates the key enzymes required for fermentation. The firing process generally occurs over an 18—20-min period, which is optimum for normal process efficiencies. [Pg.372]

Most thermoplastic elastomers are stable materials and decompose only slowly under normal processing conditions. If decomposition does occur, the products are usuaHy not particularly ha2ardous and should not present a problem if good ventilation is provided. Extra caution should be exercised when processing polyurethanes, especiaHy those containing polycaprolactone segments. In these cases the decomposition products may include isocyanates and caprolactam, both of which are potential carcinogens. [Pg.20]

Process operators are expected to be exercising normal surveillance of the process. Therefore, alarms are not appropriate for situations known to the operator either through previous alarms or through normal process sui veillance. The sleeping operator problem can Be addressed by far more effective means than tne alarm system. [Pg.770]

Cyclone Separator with Separate Catch Tank (See Figs. 26-17 and 26-18.) The sizing of a cyclone knockout drum for emergency relief systems is somewhat different from sizing a cyclone separator for normal process sei vice for the following reasons ... [Pg.2298]

In normal process service, the superficial vapor velocity at the inlet of tangential-entry vapor-liqiiid separators is limited to about 120 to 150 ft/s. Higher velocities may lead to ... [Pg.2298]

Operating equipment is opened, cleaned, emptied, or charged frequently. Operator exposure to toxic or flammable materials during normal process operation. [Pg.33]

Whilst temperature rises at constant pressure cause a decrease in viscosity, pressure rises at constant temperature cause an increase in viscosity since this causes a decrease in free volume. It is in fact found that within the normal processing temperature range for a polymer it is possible to consider an increase in pressure as equivalent, in its effect on viscosity, to a decrease in temperature. [Pg.167]

For example, for most polymers an inerease in pressure of 1000 atm is equivalent to a drop of temperature in the range 30-50°C. It is also found that those polymers most sensitive to temperature changes in their normal processing ranges are the most sensitive to pressure. [Pg.168]

The article exemption applies to the normal processing or use of an article. It does not apply to the manufacture of an article. Toxic chemicals processed into articles produced at a facility must be factored into threshold and release determinations. [Pg.26]

Flow Meter Orifice Plate - A flow meter orifice plate is permissible in normal process flow pressure reheving path, provided that it can pass the required emergency flow without exceeding pressure limits of the upstream equipment. However, it is not acceptable in PR valve inlets and flare headers. [Pg.154]

System models follow the normal process flow. [Pg.121]

If a service is used continuous , it may be connected permanently to process lines. If the service pressure is liable to fall below the normal process pressure, then a low-pressure alarm should be provided on the service line. If the process pressure is liable to rise above the normal service pressure, then a high-pressure alarm should be provided on the process side. [Pg.330]

Michael acceptors and 1,4-addiiion of alkyl group is a normal process. The reaction mechanism is not clear, but the process via addition of alkyl radicals and subsequent elimination of NO radical is one of the possible routes. Recently, several related reactions have been reported, as shown in Eq. 4.76, Eq. 4.77, and Eq. 4.78, in which alkyl radicals are involved. The reaction of trialky Igalliiim compounds with nitrostyrene gives also a similar snbsdtiidon product fEq. 4.791. ° ... [Pg.97]

The actual experimental moduli of the polymer materials are usually about only % of their theoretical values [1], while the calculated theoretical moduli of many polymer materials are comparable to that of metal or fiber reinforced composites, for instance, the crystalline polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl alcohol have their calculated Young s moduli in the range of 200-300 GPa, surpassing the normal steel modulus of 200 GPa. This has been attributed to the limitations of the folded-chain structures, the disordered alignment of molecular chains, and other defects existing in crystalline polymers under normal processing conditions. [Pg.295]

The minimum size of the monochrome pixels (we consider color in Section 13.7.3) that can be fabricated using OLEDs is dictated primarily by the ability to pattern the electrode which is deposited on top. OLEDs are not sufficiently robust to withstand the normal processes of photolithography. Among the schemes which have been suggested for high resolution patterning is one in which the substrate is pne-pattemed to provide its own shadow mask [1911. By this means, pixel sizes down to 300 p have been demonstrated, and a lower limit of about 100 p is estimated. [Pg.239]

According to the amyloid hypothesis, the A 3 peptide plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer s disease [1]. Major forms of A 3 produced encompass 38, 40 or 42 residues. A 342 is more prone to aggregation than A 340 and in animal models an increased A[342/ A (340 ratio results in amyloid plaque pathology even when total A 3 levels are reduced [4]. The generation of A 3 is a normal process and A 3 is present in the brains and body fluids of humans throughout life. Neuronal... [Pg.66]

Several classes of drugs modulate the firing rates or patterns of midbrain dopamine neurons by direct, monosynaptic, or indirect, polysynaptic, inputs to the cell bodies within the ventral mesencephalon (i.e., nicotine and opiates). In contrast, amphetamine, cocaine, and methylphenidate act at the level of the dopamine terminal interfering with normal processes of transmitter packaging, release, reuptake, and metabolism. [Pg.1039]

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