Drug parenteral

Patomomycin This oral aminoglycoside was first shown to be effective as a topical treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, and later as a parenteral drug against visceral leishmaniasis. Phase III clinical trials were completed in 2005 in India, 15 years after the potential of this component for treating viscer al leishmaniasis was discovered. It is currently not registered for this use. [Pg.178]

Drugp act in various ways in the body. Oral drugp go through three phases the pharmaceutic phase, pharmacokinetic phase, and pharmacodynamic phase Liquid and parenteral drug (drug given by injection) go through the later two phases only. [Pg.6]

Parenteral drug administration means the giving of a drug by the subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM), intravenous (IV), or intradermal route (Fig. 2-5). Other routes of parenteral administration that may be used by the primary care provider are intralesional (into a lesion), intra-arterial (into an artery), intracardiac (into the heart), and intra-articular (into a joint), hi some instances, intra-arterial dragp are administered by a nurse. However, administration is not by direct arterial injection but by means of a catheter that has been placed in an artery. [Pg.20]

After selecting the site for injection, cleanse the skin. Most hospitals have a policy regarding the type of skin antiseptic used for cleansing the skin before parenteral drug administration. Cleanse the skin with a circular motion, starting at an inner point and moving outward. [Pg.21]

Oral or Parenteral Drug Dosages Based on Weight... [Pg.43]

The dosage of an oral or parenteral drug may be based on the patient s weight. In many instances, references give Hie dosage based on Hie weight in kilograms (kg) raHier than pounds (lb). There are 2.2 lb in 1 kg. [Pg.43]

Improvement of the properties of a drug may be achieved by the chemical modification of the parent drug. The preparation of an ester, salt, or other modification of the parent structure may be employed with parenteral drugs to increase stability, alter drug solubility, enhance depot action, avoid formulation... [Pg.390]

Polyethylene and polystyrene are examples of plastics subject to environmental stress cracking. Crack resistance tests have shown that surfactants, alcohols, organic acids, vegetable and mineral oils, and ethers provide an active environment for stress cracking of polyethylene. Table 6 lists typical sterile devices and plastic materials used to fabricate them, while Tables 7-9 list the potential effects of sterilization processes on polymeric materials. The effect of gamma irradiation on elastomeric closures has been studied by the Parenteral Drug Association [15]. [Pg.594]

Glass containers for small volume parenteral products Factors for selection and test methods for identification. Parenteral Drug Association Inc., Technical Methods Bulletin No. 3, 1982. [Pg.605]

The answer is e. (Hardman, pp 858-874.) Because verapamil, a Ca channel blocker, has a selective depressing action on AV nodal tissue, it is an ideal drug for both immediate and prophylactic therapy of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Nifedipine, another Ca channel blocker, has little effect on SAT Lidocaine and adenosine are parenteral drugs with short ha If-lives and, thus, are not suitable for prophylactic therapy. Procainamide is more suitable for ventricular arrhythmias and has the potential for serious adverse reactions with long-term use. [Pg.121]

Parasitic pressure drops, 15 823t, 824 Para- substituents, 9 371, 372 Paratacamite, 7 769 Parathion, 13 524-525 Paratungstates, 25 383 demand for, 24 276 Parcel charter, 25 330 Parenteral drug dosage forms, IS 713-716 Parenteral drug injections, prolonged action, 18 715-716 Parenteral formulations,... [Pg.673]

Cooper, J.F. (1975). Principles and applications of the limulus test for pyrogen in parenteral drugs. Bull. Parenter. Drug Assoc. 3 122-130. [Pg.401]

Widder K, Flouret G, Senyei A (1979) Magnetic microspheres synthesis of a novel parenteral drug carrier. J Pharm Sci 68 79-82. [Pg.315]

Sweetana, S. and Akers, M.J., Solubility principles and practices for parenteral drug dosage form development, /. Pharm. Sci. Technol., 50, 330, 1996. [Pg.50]

Source Parenteral Drug Association. Technical report No. 29, Points to consider for cleaning validation, PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 52 Nov-Dec Supplement (1998). [Pg.301]

Parenteral drug products are required to be sterile. There are principally five different ways to sterilize a product. These are steam, dry heat, radiation, gas. [Pg.307]

Manufacturing is performed in cleanroom conditions. Sterilization processes in the form of heat, steam, gas, or radiation are applied to ensure microorganisms are destroyed in the drug product. For protein-based drugs that can be damaged by the normal sterilization processes, the product is manufactured under aseptic conditions. Both sterility and pyrogen tests are performed to ensure parenteral drug products are safe to be injected. [Pg.350]

Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR Part 11), Electronic Records Electronic Signatures, FDA, 2003 (http //www.fda.gov). Validation/compliance documents found under the Parenteral Drug Association (PDA) (http //www.pda.org). [Pg.307]

According to 211.113 Control of microbiological contamination, pharmaceutical manufacturers need written procedures describing the systems designed to prevent objectionable microorganisms in both nonsterile and sterile drug products. All sterilization processes used to manufacture parenteral drugs need to be validated. [Pg.221]

M. W., Ecker, D. J. in Encyclopedia of Rapid Microbiological Methods, ed. Michael, J., Miller, P. D., Parenteral Drug Assodation, Bethesda, 2005, 287-307. [Pg.336]

Inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration... [Pg.159]

May need larger doses for more severe infections or less susceptible organisms. If dose is greater than 4 g/day, use parenteral drugs. [Pg.1514]

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