共享资源:各地著作权法规/越南

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著作权法规： 越南
快捷方式: COM:越南
越南旗帜
越南地图
保护期限
标准 作者逝世 + 50年
照片 出版 + 75年
匿名 出版 + 75年
视听作品 出版 + 75年
其他
全景自由 No
截至年底 是
一般授权条款标签 {{PD-Vietnam}}
协议
伯尔尼公约 2004年10月26日
世界贸易组织成员 2007年1月11日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌* 1998年12月23日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

此頁面概述了與將作品上傳到維基共享資源相關的越南版權規則。請注意，任何源自越南的作品在上傳到Wikimedia Commons之前必須在越南和美國處於公共領域，或在免費許可下可用。如果對越南作品的版權狀況有任何疑問，請參閱相關法律進行澄清。

背景

越南一直獨立，直到19世紀被法國殖民。 二戰結束後，該國於1945年9月2日宣布獨立。 一場與法國和美國的鬥爭開始了，在此期間北越和南越在政治上是分開的。 北越是勝利者，國家於1975年重新統一。

越南版權在美國的恢復是通過1998年12月23日第7161號總統公告。[1] 越南自2004年10月26日起成為伯爾尼公約的成員，自2007年1月11日起成為世界貿易組織的成員。[2]

截至2018年，聯合國機構世界知識產權組織（產權組織）列出了2005年11月29日關於知識產權的第50/2005/QH11號法律作為越南立法機關頒布的主要知識產權法。[2] 產權組織在其WIPO Lex數據庫中保存了該法律的文本。[3] 本法經2009年6月19日第36/2009/QH12號法修改補充知識產權法若干條款。

In addition, there are 11 relevant decrees (17 if amendments are included) and 22 circulars (30 if amendments are included) serving as implementation guidances.[2]

一般规则

Standard term for works

  • The standard copyright term for works is author's life + 50 years.[36/2009 Article 27(2b)] For a work under joint authorship, the term of protection expires in the 50th year after the death of the last surviving co-author.[36/2009 Article 27(2b)]
  • The term of protection expires at 24:00 of December 31st of the year of expiration of the copyright protection term.[36/2009 Article 27(2c)]

我們可以假設50年期限適用於URAA日期，因此在1948年12月23日之前出版且作者未知的作品，以及1948年12月23日之前去世的作者的作品在美國屬於公有領域。

之前的法律

2005年11月29日第 50/2005/QH11 號法律不具有追溯力，因此進入公有領域的作品仍處於公有領域，即使它們現在符合2005年法律的版權保護條件。先前的法律是1994年12月2日國民議會常務委員會第38-L/CTN 號法令，並納入了1995年10月28日通過的《民法典》第766條。 根據這些法律：

Posthumous works

  • Since April 26, 2023, copyright term of posthumous works shall conform to Article 27 of the Law on Intellectual Property.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 17][4] Before April 26, 2023, posthumous works are granted 50 years of copyright protection from the date of first publication.[Decree No. 22/2018 Article 24][5]
  • The rights of performers shall be protected for 50 years counting from the year following the year of fixation of their performances.[50/2005 Article 34(1)]
  • The rights of producers of phonograms or video recordings shall be protected for 50 years counting from year following the year of publication, or 50 years counting from the year following the year of fixation of unpublished phonograms or video recordings.[50/2005 Article 34(2)]
  • The rights of broadcasting organizations shall be protected for 50 years counting from the year following the year of the making of their broadcasts.[50/2005 Article 34(3)]
  • The term of protection shall expire at 24:00 of December 31 of the year of expiration of related right protection term.[50/2005 Article 34(4)]

Prior law

Law No. 50/2005/QH11 was not retroactive, so works that had gone into the public domain remained in the public domain even if they now qualified for copyright protection under the 2005 law. The prior laws were Ordinance No: 38-L/CTN of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, dated 2 December 1994, it was replaced by the Civil Code, Part 6: Intellectual property rights and technology transfer, adopted on 28 October 1995.[6] Under these laws:

[7][8][9]

  • Copyright extended for the life of the author and 50 years after their death.[1994 Art. 17][1995 Art. 766(2)]
  • Works of joint authorship were protected for 50 years after death of the last surviving author.[1994 Art. 18][1995 Art. 766(3)]
  • For cinematographic works, radio, television or video programs, and works published posthumously, copyright extended for 50 years after the date of first publication.[1994 Art. 20(1), 21][1995 Art. 766(4)]
  • The rights of unknown or anonymous authors belonged to the state, unless the author was identified within 50 years of the date of publication, in which case protection would apply until 50 years after the death of the author (or last surviving author).[1994 Art. 20(2), 21][1995 Art. 766(5)]
  • The rights of the producers of audio tapes and records, and of video tapes and disks shall be protected for a period of 50 years commencing on the date these tapes, records and disks are published for the first time.[1994 Art. 32][1995 Art. 777(2)]
  • The rights of radio and television broadcasting organizations shall be protected for a period of 50 years commencing on the date the radio or television program is broadcast for the first time.[1994 Art. 35][1995 Art. 779(2)]

The first copyright law of Vietnam was Decree No. 142-HĐBT of November 14, 1986 by the Council of Ministers with the term of copyright protection was the life of the author (or the last surviving co-author) and 30 years after their death; and copyright for an organization was unlimited, if the organization was dissolved, the copyright belonged to the state.[10]

不受保护

快捷方式

参见：共享资源:不受保护

不受版權保護的主題是1.當天的新聞僅作為新聞信息；2.法律文書、行政文書等司法領域的文書及其官方譯文；3.流程、系統、操作方法、概念、原理和數據。[36/2009 Article 15]

The system of Vietnam's legislative documents
  1. The Constitution.
  2. Codes and Laws (hereinafter referred to as Laws), Resolutions of the National Assembly
  3. Ordinances, Resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly; Joint Resolutions between the Standing Committee of the National Assembly and the Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front; Joint Resolutions between the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, the Government, the Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front.[11][12]
  4. Orders, Decisions of the President.
  5. Decrees of the Government; Joint Resolutions between the Government and Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front
  6. Decision of the Prime Minister.
  7. Resolutions of Judge Council of the People’s Supreme Court.
  8. Circulars of the Executive Judge of the People’s Supreme Court; Circulars of the Chief Procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuracy; Circulars of Ministers, Heads of ministerial agencies; Decisions of the State Auditor General.
    8a. Joint Circulars between the Executive Judge of the People’s Supreme Court, the Chief Procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuracy, the State Auditor General, Ministers, Heads of ministerial agencies. Joint Circulars between Ministers and Heads of ministerial agencies shall not be promulgated.[11]
  9. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of central-affiliated cities and provinces (hereinafter referred to as provinces).
  10. Decisions of the People’s Committees of provinces.
  11. Legislative documents of local governments in administrative - economic units.
  12. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of districts, towns and cities within provinces (hereinafter referred to as districts).
  13. Decisions of the People’s Committees of districts.
  14. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of communes, wards and towns within districts (hereinafter referred to as communes).
  15. Decisions of the People’s Committees of communes.
  • "Administrative documents" include regulations, announcements, guidelines, programs, plans, projects, reports, contracts, memorandums, agreements, invitations, sick leave, etc.[13][14] These are issued by governmental agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations, socio-profession-political organizations, social organizations, socio-profession organizations, and people’s armed forces.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(2)]
  1. Processes, systems, operation methods, concepts, principles and data.
    • Procedures are sequences of actions which must be complied with in order to carry out tasks;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(a)]
    • A system is a combination of factors, units of the same types or functions that are closely connected or correlated and create a unified form;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(b)]
    • Methods are ways of studying, perceiving natural phenomena and social life;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(c)]
    • Concepts are thoughts reflecting overview of real things and phenomena and how they are connected;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(d)]
    • Principles are basic, general rules that govern a series of phenomenon; important initial thoughts or theories and starting points for further development of other theories.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(đ)]

Note that the term "document" (translated from Vietnamese term văn bản) here means "written information communicated by means of language or sign"[14][Decree 30/2020 Article 3] and hence does not include images, logos or emblems of any kind. The official format of an administrative document includes signature and seals,[Decree 30/2020 Article 8] so it is assumed that signatures on government papers should be in the public domain.

However, Decree No. 18/2014/ND-CP said "Collectors and correctors of works, suppliers of works, documents and materials that are paid remuneration by agencies or organizations using the publications, including: Documents of state agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations, social organizations, socio-professional organizations and economic organizations, and translations of these documents". And "royalties and remuneration shall be included in the costs of publications".[Decree 18/2014 Article 12][15]

The State's intellectual property policies are "not to protect intellectual property objects which are contrary to social ethics and public order and prejudicial to defense and security".[36/2009 Article 8(1)]

Official gazette and the legitimately typified Code

The Government Office holds the copyright on electronic official gazette ("CONG BAO") of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Offices of provincial-level People's Committees hold the copyright on provincial-level electronic official gazette ("CONG BAO").[16][Circular 01/2017/TT-VPCP Article 7(2)] See also Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Official Bulletins of Vietnam, Vietnam government seems to conflict themselves in this particular case (and actually many more) and this is a copyfraud.

The State holds the copyright to the legitimately typified Code.[17][Ordinance 03/2012/UBTVQH13 Article 14(2)]

版权标签

快捷方式

参见：共享資源:著作權標籤

  • {{PD-Vietnam}}——所有照片在首次發表五十年後進入公共領域，所有非攝影作品在創作者去世五十年後進入公共領域。
  • {{PD-VietnamGov}} – for legal text documents, administrative text documents by the government and official translations, as well as other documents mentioned in the Not protected section. Do not use this for images and logos.
  • {{PD-South VietnamGov}}—越南社會主義共和國政府堅持認為，在1945年9月2日至1976年7月2日期間，只有越南民主共和國和南越共和國是合法政府，並且看到競爭對手發行的作品政府視為非法。


货币

快捷方式

参见：共享资源:货币

 不可以。紙幣和硬幣不受版權法的約束。此外，2003年6月總理下令禁止在未經國家銀行書面同意的情況下複製越南紙幣或硬幣（第3條）。[18]

National Flag, National Emblem, National Anthem

  • Organizations and individuals exercising intellectual property rights related to the National Flag, National Emblem and National Anthem of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam must not prevent or obstruct the dissemination and use of the National Flag, National Emblem, National Anthem.[07/2022 Article 7(2)]
  • The use of national emblem is regulated under Guidance 3420/HD-BVHTTDL, II. Quốc huy, Article 1, which refer to Article 973-TTg: (rough translation) "The image of national emblem is printed on the following papers/documents […] For cases not mentioned in this Article, organizations will submit them to the Prime Minister for his approval."

全景自由

快捷方式

参见：共享资源:全景自由

可以：公共場所展示的Template:Wp-Plastic Arts（雕塑、陶瓷等）、建築、照片、Template:Wp-Applied Arts（陶器、家具等）的攝影和電視廣播。{{FoP-Vietnam}}
 不可以：其他類型的複製或再現，以及其他類型的作品（繪畫、壁畫、牌匾或桌子上的文學文本等）

  • Note, valid from 1 January 2023 onwards: "Copyright protection expires 50 years after the death of the original author (who may be the architect, sculptor, or artist of applied art) of a public artistic work of Vietnam. On January 1st of the following year (ie. January 1 of the 51st Year), freely-licensed images of the author's sculptures, buildings, applied arts, or monuments are now free and can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. The lack of commercial Freedom of Panorama is no longer relevant here for sovereign states with no formal FOP legal rights since the author's works are now copyright free."

可以: photographs and television broadcasts of 造型艺术 (sculptures, ceramics etc.), architecture, photographs, 應用藝術 (pottery, furniture etc.) displayed at public places, uploaded on Wikimedia Commons until 31 December 2022. The new amendments are not retroactive. Applicable template: {{FoP-Vietnam}}

根據經2009年6月19日第36/2009/QH12號法律修正的2005年11月29日第50/2005/QH11號法律，使用已出版作品，其中許可和支付版稅或報酬不要求包括......為展示這些作品的圖像而拍攝或播放在公共場所展示的造型藝術、建築、攝影、應用藝術作品。[36/2009 Article 25.1(h)]

Threshold of originality

快捷方式

参见：共享资源:原创门槛

There is currently no consensus regarding the threshold of originality for Vietnam. However, some Commons precedent is available here: Commons:Deletion requests/File:Logo Vinamilk (2023).png.

Expired relevant law

These are intellectual property relevant laws:

  • Ordinance No. 38-L/CTN1 of December 02, 1994, on protection of copyright [Pháp lệnh Bảo hộ Quyền Tác giả 1994 38-L/CTN] (replaced by Resolution on enforcing the 1995 Civil Code [Nghị quyết thi hành Bộ luật dân sự 1995])
  • Civil Code 1995, expired on December 31st 2006
  • Decree 100/2006, Decree 85/2011 and Decree 22/2018 (replaced by Decree 17/2023)

参见

引用

  1. ↑ Bill Clinton. Proclamation 7161 of December 23, 1998 Extending United States Copyright Protections to the Works of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam [Tuyên cáo 7161 của Tổng thống Bill Clinton: Kéo dài bảo vệ tác quyền Hoa Kỳ đối với các tác phẩm của Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam]. Retrieved on 2019-01-28. (bản dịch tiếng Việt)
  2. ↑ a b c Vietnam Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) [Quyền tác giả và các quyền liên quan tại Việt Nam]. WIPO [Tổ chức Sở hữu Trí tuệ Thế giới] (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-08.
  3. ↑ Law No. 50/2005/QH11, on Intellectual Property. Vietnam (29 November 2005). Retrieved on 2018-11-11.
  4. ↑ Decree No 17/2023/ND-CP elaborating the law on intellectual property regarding copyrights and related rights [Nghị định số 17/2023/NĐ-CP Quy định chi tiết một số điều và biện pháp thi hành Luật Sở hữu trí tuệ về quyền tác giả, quyền liên quan]. Vietanlaw. Retrieved on 2023-08-11.
  5. ↑ Decree No. 22/2018/ND-CP of February 23, 2018, on Guidelines for Certain Number of Articles of the Intellectual Property Law and Law on Amendments to the Intellectual Property Law 2009 in Terms of Copyright and Related Rights [Nghị định 22/2018/NĐ-CP về hướng dẫn Luật sở hữu trí tuệ năm 2005 và Luật sở hữu trí tuệ sửa đổi năm 2009 về quyền tác giả, quyền liên quan]. WIPO. Retrieved on 2022-01-05.
  6. ↑ Resolution on enforcing the 1995 Civil Code [Nghị quyết thi hành Bộ luật dân sự 1995] (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2022-09-08.
  7. ↑ Ordinance No. 38-L/CTN1 of December 02, 1994, on protection of copyright. Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  8. ↑ Civil Code (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  9. ↑ Civil Code 1995, Article 766 [Bộ luật Dân sự 1995, Điều 766] (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  10. ↑ Thông tư số 63-VH/TT ngày 16-7-1988 hướng dẫn việc sử dụng và phân phối nhuận bút đối với các tác phẩm văn học, nghệ thuật, khoa học hết thời hạn hưởng quyền tác giả. Thư viện pháp luật. Retrieved on 2023-08-11.
  11. ↑ a b Updated according to Law No. 63/2020/QH14 dated June 18, 2020 Amendments to the Law on Promulgation of Legislative Documents
  12. ↑ Law No. 63/2020/QH14 dated June 18, 2020 Amendments to the Law on Promulgation of Legislative Documents [Luật số 63/2020/QH14: Luật sửa đổi, bổ sung một số điều của Luật Ban hành văn bản quy phạm pháp luật] (in vietnamese). Retrieved on 2022-01-13. (unofficial English translation)
  13. ↑ Full list: "nghị quyết (cá biệt), quyết định (cá biệt), chỉ thị, quy chế, quy định, thông cáo, thông báo, hướng dẫn, chương trình, kế hoạch, phương án, đề án, dự án, báo cáo, biên bản, tờ trình, hợp đồng, công văn, công điện, bản ghi nhớ, bản thỏa thuận, giấy ủy quyền, giấy mời, giấy giới thiệu, phiếu gửi, phiếu chuyển, phiếu báo, thư công".
  14. ↑ a b Decree No. 30/2020/ND-CP regulations on clerical work [Nghị định 30/2020/NĐ-CP về công tác văn thư] (in vietnamese). Retrieved on 2022-02-06. Unofficial English translation, "văn bản là thông tin thành văn được truyền đạt bằng ngôn ngữ hoặc ký hiệu"
  15. ↑ Decree No. 18/2014/ND-CP prescribing the regime of royalties in the field of press and publication [Nghị định số 18/2014/NĐ-CP quy định về chế độ nhuận bút trong lĩnh vực báo chí, xuất bản]. WIPO. Retrieved on 2023-08-15.
  16. ↑ Circular No. 01/2017/TT-VPCP (2017-03-31). Retrieved on 2023-01-30.
  17. ↑ Ordinance No. 03/2012/UBTVQH13 on legitimate typification of legal norms system (2012-04-16). Retrieved on 2023-01-30.
  18. ↑ Decision No. 130/2003/QD-TTg: On the protection of Vietnamese money [Quyết định số 130/2003/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng chính phủ về việc bảo vệ tiền Việt Nam]. Prime Minister of Vietnam (30 June 2003). Retrieved on 2019-01-28., bản tiếng Việt

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