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Dass ist meine Baustelle, also der Ort, an dem ich an zukünftigen Artikeln für die Wikipedia feile. Mitarbeit ist immer sehr willkommen! Zur besseren Zusamenarbeit sollte diese aber mit mir abgesprochen werden. Derzeit befinden sich hier die folgenden Projekte: |
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{{Baustelle|seadart}} |
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* [[Benutzer:Seadart/Baustelle1|Baustelle 1]]: [[La-Fayette-Klasse]] |
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* [[Benutzer:Seadart/Baustelle2|Baustelle 2]]: [[Dassault Rafale]] |
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{| width="300" class="prettytable float-right" |
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!colspan="3" align="center" style="color: white; height: 25px; background: navy;"| [[Datei:Naval Jack of Canada.svg|60px]] Halifax-Klasse |
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|- |
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!colspan="2" align="center"| [[Datei:HMCS Regina (FFH 334) 1.jpg|300px]]<br />Fregatte ''HMCS Regina'' (FFH 334) |
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!colspan="2" style="color: white; height: 25px; background: navy;"| Allgemeine Informationen |
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|Typschiff: |
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|''HMCS Halifax'' (FFH 330) |
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|- |
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|Einheiten: |
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|12 |
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|- |
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|Vorgängerklasse: |
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|[[Annapolis-Klasse]] |
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|- |
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|Werft: |
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|Saint John Shipbuilding Ltd., [[Saint John (New Brunswick)|Saint John]] <br /> MIL Davie Shipbuilding, Lauzon |
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|- |
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|Bauperiode: |
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|März 1987 - September 1996 |
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|- |
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|Einsatzperiode: |
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|29. Juni 1992 - heute |
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|- |
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!colspan="2" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy;"| Technische Daten |
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|- |
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|Verdrängung: |
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|4770 Tonnen |
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|- |
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|Länge: |
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|134,1 Meter (über alles) |
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|- |
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|Breite: |
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|16,4 Meter |
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|- |
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|Tiefgang: |
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|4,9 Meter |
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|- |
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|Antrieb: |
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|2 × [[General Electric]] LM2500 [[Gasturbine]]n mit 47'500 WPS <br /> 1 x SEMT Pielstick [[Schiffsdieselmotor|Dieselmotor]] mit 8'800 WPS <br /> 1 x Royal Schelde Getriebe <br /> 2 Escher-Wyss [[Verstellpropeller]] <br /> 4 x 850 kW [[AEG]] Generatoren |
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|- |
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|Höchstgeschwindigkeit: |
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|29 kn |
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|- |
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|Ausdauer: |
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|9500 sm |
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|- |
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|Besatzung: |
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|225 |
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|- |
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!colspan="2" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy;"|Sensoren |
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|- |
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|Mehrzweckradar: |
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|[[Giraffe AMB|Sea Giraffe]] 3D-Radar |
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|- |
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|Luftsuchradar: |
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|[[Raytheon]] [[AN/SPS-49]] 2D-Radar |
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|- |
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|Feuerleitradar: |
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|Signaal SPG-503 STIR 1.8 |
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|- |
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|Aktivsonar: |
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|Rumpfmontiertes AN/SQS-510(V) |
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|- |
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|Passivsonar: |
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|Schleppsonar AN/SQR-501 CANTASS |
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|- |
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!colspan="2" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy;"|Bewaffnung |
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|- |
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|Luftabwehr: |
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|2 x 8 [[RIM-7 Sea Sparrow]] Flugkörper in Mk. 48 [[Vertical Launching System|VLS-Zellen]] |
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|- |
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|Seezielflugkörper: |
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|2 x 4 [[RGM-84 Harpoon]] |
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|- |
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|Geschütz: |
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|1 x [[Mk 110|Bofors 57 mm Mk. 2 Geschütz]] |
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|- |
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|Nahbereichsverteidigung: |
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|1 x [[Phalanx CIWS]] |
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|- |
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|Torpedos: |
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|4 Mk 32 Rohre für [[Mark-46-Leichtgewichtstorpedo|Mk 46 Torpedos]] |
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|- |
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|Maschinengewehre: |
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|8 x [[Browning M2]] |
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|- |
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|Elektronische Kampfführung: |
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|Shield II |
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|- |
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|Luftfahrzeuge: |
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|1 x [[Sikorsky S-61|CH-124 Sea King]] oder [[Sikorsky S-92|CH-148 Cyclone]] |
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|} |
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Die '''Halifax-Klasse''', aufgrund der Benennung nach [[Kanada|kanadischen]] Städten fälschlicherweise gelegentlich als ''City-Klasse'' bezeichnet, ist eine Klasse von zwölf [[Fregatte]]n der [[Canadian Forces Maritime Command|Kanadischen Marine]]. Sie bilden das Rückgrat derselben und sind als Mehrzweckschiffe ausgelegt, der Schwerpunkt liegt allerdings auf der [[U-Jagd|U-Boot-Jagd]]. Dies ist auf den Planungszeitraum in den 1980er-Jahren und die damit verbundene Fokussierung auf die Erfordernisse des [[Kalter Krieg|Kalten Krieges]] zurück zu führen. Der Untergang des [[Ostblock]]s und der [[Sowjetunion]] im Speziellen führten dazu, dass die Fregatten heute - entgegen ihrer ursprünglichen Bestimmung - vermehrt in weltweit operierenden, internationalen Kampfgruppen eingesetzt werden. Da die ab 1992 in Dienst gestellte Halifax-Klasse noch weit ins 21. Jahrhundert das Rückgrat bilden soll, wird derzeit an einem Modernisierungsprogramm namens '''''F'''rigat'''E''' '''L'''ife '''EX'''tension'' (FELEX) gearbeitet |
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== Geschichte == |
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=== Entwicklung === |
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Mitte der 1970er-Jahre begann sich die Kanadische Marine Gedanken über den Ersatz ihrer 20 Begleitzerstörer der St. Laurent-, Restigouche-, Mackenzie- und Annapolis-Klassen zu machen. Dies mündete schliesslich in das ''Canadian Patrol Frigate Project''. Dieses wurde in das Projekt ''NATO Frigate Replacement for 90s'' (NFR-90) der [[NATO]] eingebracht. Als sich jedoch dessen Scheitern abzeichnete, weil die Interessen von acht Marinen zu unterschiedlich waren, wurde eine nationale Lösung gewählt, was zur Halifax-Klasse führte. |
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Entsprechend der NATO-Doktrin im Kalten Krieg, wurde beim Design ein starker Fokus auf die U-Boot-Jagd gelegt, da im Bündnisfall als Hauptaufgabe für die kanadische Marine das Bekämpfen der starken sowjetischen U-Bootwaffe im Pazifik und Atlantik vorgesehen war. Insbesondere sollten Konvois mit Truppen für die kontinentaleuropäische Landfront vor den sowjetischen U-Booten geschützt werden können. Sekundär sollten die Schiffe auch zum Kampf gegen Überwassereinheiten und zum Selbstschutz vor feindlichen Luftangriffen befähigt sein. |
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=== Dienstzeit === |
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=== Schiffsliste === |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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!Name |
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!Benannt nach |
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!Kiellegung |
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!Stapellauf |
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!in Dienst gestellt |
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!Bauwerft |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Halifax (FFH 330)|FFH 330 HMCS Halifax]] || [[Halifax (Nova Scotia)|Halifax]] || 19. März 1987 || 30. April 1988 || 29. Juni 1992 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Vancouver (FFH 331)|FFH 331 HMCS Vancouver]] || [[Vancouver]] || 19. Mai 1988 || 8. Juli 1989 || 23. August 1993 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Ville de Québec (FFH 332)|FFH 332 HMCS Ville de Québec]] || [[Québec (Stadt)|Ville de Québec]] || 16. Dezember 1988 || 16. Mai 1991 || 14. Juli 1994 || MIL Davie Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Toronto (FFH 333)|FFH 333 HMCS Toronto]] || [[Toronto]] || 22. April 1989 || 18. Dezember 1990 || 29. Juli 1993 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Regina (FFH 334)|FFH 334 HMCS Regina]] || [[Regina (Saskatchewan)|Regina]] || 6. Oktober 1989 || 25. Januar 1992 || 29. Dezember 1993 || MIL Davie Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Calgary (FFH 335)|FFH 335 HMCS Calgary]] || [[Calgary]] || 15. Juni 1991 || 28. August 1992 || 12. Mai 1995 || MIL Davie Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Montréal (FFH 336)|FFH 336 HMCS Montréal]] || [[Montreal|Montréal]] || 8. Februar 1991 || 28. Februar 1992 || 21. Juli 1994 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Fredericton (FFH 337)|FFH 337 HMCS Fredericton]] || [[Fredericton]] || 25. April 1992 || 26. Juni 1993 || 10. September 1994 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Winnipeg (FFH 338)|FFH 338 HMCS Winnipeg]] || [[Winnipeg]] || 20. März 1993 || 25. Juni 1994 || 23. Juni 1996 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Charlottetown (FFH 339)|FFH 339 HMCS Charlottetown]] || [[Charlottetown]] || 18. Dezember 1993 || 1. Oktober 1994 || 9. September 1995 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS St. John's (FFH 340)|FFH 340 HMCS St. John's]] || [[St. John's]] || 24. August 1994 || 24. August 1994 || 26. Juni 1996 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|- |
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|[[HMCS Ottawa (FFH 341)|FFH 341 HMCS Ottawa]] || [[Ottawa]] || 29. April 1995 || 31. Mai 1996 || 28. September 1996 || Saint John Shipbuilding |
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|} |
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== Beschreibung == |
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=== Allgemein === |
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=== Bewaffnung === |
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=== Elektronik === |
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== Modernisierung == |
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==Description== |
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====Weapons Systems==== |
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The primary weapon deployed by ''Halifax''-class vessels is the [[CH-124 Sea King]] helicopter, which acts in concert with shipboard sensors to seek out and destroy submarines at long distances from the ships. The ships have a helicopter deck fitted with a "[[Beartrap (helicopter device)|bear trap]]" system allowing the launch and recovery of helicopters in up to [[Sea State|sea state 6]]. It is anticipated that [[Canadian Forces Air Command|Air Command]]'s new maritime helicopter, the [[CH-148 Cyclone]], which is slated to replace the Sea King, will be deployed onboard the frigates with only minimal alterations to the ships' structure required. The ''Halifax''-class also carries a close-in anti-submarine weapon in the form of the [[Mark 46 torpedo]], launched from Mark 32 Mod 9 torpedo tubes in launcher compartments either side of the forward end of the helicopter hangar. |
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A secondary anti-shipping role is supported by the [[RGM-84 Harpoon]] Block 1C [[surface-to-surface missile]], mounted in two quadruple launch tubes at the main deck level between the funnel and the helicopter hangar. For [[anti-aircraft]] self-defense the ships are armed with the [[Sea Sparrow]] [[Vertical Launching System|vertical launch]] [[surface-to-air missile]] in eight-cell launchers port and starboard of the funnel. A [[Raytheon]]/[[General Dynamics]] [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] Mark 15 Mod 1 close-in weapon system (CIWS) is mounted on the roof of the helicopter hangar for "last ditch" defense against targets that evade the Sea Sparrow. MARCOM has ordered upgrade kits to convert to the Phalanx Block 1B. The Block 1B upgrade includes a [[Thales Optronics]] HDTI5-2F thermal imager, improved [[Ku-band]] radar and longer gun barrel with a dual firing rate of 3000 or 4500 rounds/min. |
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The main gun on the [[fo'c'sle]] is a 57 mm 70 Mark 2 gun from [[Bofors]]. The gun is capable of firing 2.4 kg shells at a rate of 220 rounds/min at a range of more than 17 km. The Bofors is a multi-purpose weapon usable against surface and air targets, but the gun is not very adequate for ship-to-shore bombardment. |
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====Countermeasures==== |
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The decoy system comprises four [[BAE Systems]] Shield Mark 2 decoy launchers which fire [[Chaff (radar countermeasure)|chaff]] to 2 km and infrared rockets to 169 m in distraction, confusion and centroid seduction modes. The torpedo decoy is the [[SLQ-25 Nixie|AN/SLQ-25A Nixie]] towed acoustic decoy from Argon ST. The ship's radar warning receiver, the CANEWS (Canadian Electronic Warfare System), SLQ-501, and the radar jammer, SLQ-505, were developed by Thorn and Lockheed Martin Canada. |
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====Sensors==== |
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Two [[Thales Nederland]] (formerly Signaal) SPG-503 (STIR 1.8) fire control radars are installed one on the roof of the bridge and one on the raised radar platform immediately forward of the helicopter hangar. The ship is also fitted with Raytheon [[AN/SPS-49]](V)5 long-range active air search radar operating at C and D bands, Ericsson HC150 Sea Giraffe medium-range air and surface search radar operating at G and H bands, and Kelvin Hughes Type 1007 I-band navigation radar. |
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The sonar suite includes the CANTASS Canadian Towed Array supplied by General Dynamics - Canada (GD-C), formerly Computing Devices of Canada and GD-C AN/SQS-510 hull mounted sonar and incorporates an acoustic range prediction system. The sonobuoy processing system is the GD-C AN/UYS-503. |
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====Propulsion==== |
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''Halifax''-class vessels are powered by a [[CODOG]] (combined diesel or gas) system with two GE LM2500 gas turbines and one [[SEMT-Pielstick]] 20PA6 V280 diesel engine. CAE provided the Integrated Machinery Control System (IMCS). The ''Halifax''-class is the first to employ this degree of computer control for the machinery plant, and variants of the CAE system are also installed in other ship classes such as the [[United States Navy]]'s {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer|0}}. |
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==Refit== |
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The Government of Canada announced on 5 July 2007 a $3.1 billion refit program for the ''Halifax''-class which will take place from 2010 - 2017 and extend the ships service lives through 2030. The refits will include the addition of a modernized Combat System. The [[Department of National Defence (Canada)|Department of National Defence]] has not determined which shipyard(s) will perform this refit program to be entitled the Halifax Class Modernization/Frigate Life Extension (HCM/FELEX) project; shipyards in Halifax and Victoria have been invited to submit bids.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/new-brunswick/story/2007/07/05/harper-navy.html|title=Naval frigates to receive $3.1B refit|accessdate=2007-07-05|date=2007-07-05|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC News]]}}</ref> |
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The refit program will entail a new combat system, including the Command and Control System, radar suite, Interrogator Friend or Foe mode S/5, multi-LINK, electronic support measure system, Harpoon missile system upgrade and countermeasures suite. Furthermore, the [[RIM-7 Sea Sparrow|Sea Sparrow]] missile system will be upgraded with the [[RIM-162 ESSM|Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile]] system (ESSM) and the Thales Sirius Infrared Search and Track System (IRST) will also be fitted.<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Halifax Class Frigate, Canada | date= | publisher=Naval-Technology.com | url =http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/halifax/ | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2008-04-12 | language = }}</ref> Finally, the Thales STIR directors will be replaced by the Saab Ceros 200 Fire Control Radars equipped with CWI for ESSM illumination. |
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Raytheon has been awarded a $180 million contract to convert 21 [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx Close-In Weapon System]], the contract calls for Raytheon to convert the Phalanx Block 1B Baseline 0 to a Baseline 1.<ref>[http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/June2009/23/c8760.html Newswire.com]</ref> <ref>[http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Raytheon-Canada-awarded-180-cnw-1559531759.html?x=0&.v=1 Yahoo.com]</ref> <ref>[http://www.canadianbusiness.com/markets/headline_news/article.jsp?content=b231228216&utm_source=markets&utm_medium=rss Canadianbusiness.com]</ref> <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/business/article/655473 Thestar.com]</ref> |
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==Einzelnachweise== |
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<references /> |
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==Weblinks== |
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*[http://www.hazegray.org/navhist/canada/current/halifax/ Canadian Navy of Yesterday & Today] |
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Official ship websites: |
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*[http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/cms/0/0_eng.asp Canadian Navy website - official site] |
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*[http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/cms/1/1-a_eng.asp Halifax Class Frigates virtual tour - official site] |
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[[Kategorie:Fregatte]] |
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[[Kategorie:Militärschiffsklasse]] |
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[[en:Halifax class frigate]] |
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[[fr:Classe Halifax]] |
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[[ja:ハリファックス級フリゲート]] |
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[[pl:Fregaty rakietowe typu Halifax]] |
Aktuelle Version vom 24. Juli 2015, 16:46 Uhr
Links für Seadart | ||||
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Dass ist meine Baustelle, also der Ort, an dem ich an zukünftigen Artikeln für die Wikipedia feile. Mitarbeit ist immer sehr willkommen! Zur besseren Zusamenarbeit sollte diese aber mit mir abgesprochen werden. Derzeit befinden sich hier die folgenden Projekte: