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Die[[Gottesmutter]], Μήτηρ Θεοῦ (''Mētēr Theou''), ist poetisch auch beschrieben als Πλατυτέρα τῶν οὐρανῶν (''Platytéra tōn Ouranōn'', "Größer als der Himmel") weil Sie Gott im Mutterleib bewahrte.
{{Infobox holiday

| holiday_name = Hochfest der Gottesmutter
Gefeiert wird dieses Hochfest von
| type = Christlich
⚫
* [[Katholische Kirche|der Katholischen Kirche]]
| image = Prayer Mother Mary.jpg
⚫
* [[Anglikanische Gemeinschaft|der Anglikanische Gemeinschaft]]
| imagesize =
⚫
* den Kirchen des [[Byzantinischer Ritus|Byzantinischen]], [[Antiochenischer Ritus|Antiochenischen]], und [[Ostsyrischer Ritus|Ostsyrischen Ritus]]
⚫
| caption = Die[[Gottesmutter]], Μήτηρ Θεοῦ (''Mētēr Theou''), ist poetisch auch beschrieben als Πλατυτέρα τῶν οὐρανῶν (''Platytéra tōn Ouranōn'', "Größer als der Himmel") weil Sie Gott im Mutterleib bewahrte.
⚫
*[[Koptisch-orthodoxe Kirche| und der Koptisch-orthodoxe Kirche]]
| nickname = {{liste|

* Letzter Tag der [[Octave]] von [[Weihnachten]] ([[Lateinische Kirche]])
Die Festtage sind:
| Gefeiert von = {{liste|
⚫
* [[Katholische Kirche]]
⚫
* [[Anglikanische Gemeinschaft]]
⚫
* Kirchen des [[Byzantinischer Ritus|Byzantinischen]], [[Antiochenischer Ritus|Antiochenischen]], und [[Ostsyrischer Ritus|Ostsyrischen Ritus]]
⚫
*[[Koptisch-orthodoxe Kirche]]
}}
| Bedeutung = Mutterschaft [[Gottesmutter|Mariae]]
| date = {{plainlist|
*1. Januar ([[Lateinische Kirche]])
*1. Januar ([[Lateinische Kirche]])
*26. Dezember ([[Byzantinischer Ritus|Byzantinischer]], [[Antiochenischer Ritus|Antiochenischer]], und [[Ostsyrischer Ritus]])
*26. Dezember ([[Byzantinischer Ritus|Byzantinischer]], [[Antiochenischer Ritus|Antiochenischer]], und [[Ostsyrischer Ritus]])
*16. Januar ([[Koptisch-orthodoxe Kirche]])
*16. Januar ([[Koptisch-orthodoxe Kirche]])

}}
Das '''Hochfest der Gottesmutter''' ist ein [[Hochfest]] der [[Maria (Mutter Jesu)|Mutter Jesu]]. Ihr Name ist Maria. Sie hat [[Jesus Christus]] am achten Tag nach der [[Weihnachten|Geburt]] in Übereinstimmung mit dem [[Levitikus|levitischen]] [[Tanach|Gesetz]] [[Beschneidung|beschneiden]] lassen.
| Feier = [[Gottesdienst]]e

| Frequenz = Jährlich
Christians see him as the [[Logos (Christianity)|Lord]] and [[Son of God (Christianity)|Son of God]].<ref>[http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/resources/mary/general-information/the-four-marian-dogmas/ "The Four Marian Dogmas", Catholic News Agency]</ref>
}}

It is celebrated by the [[Roman Rite]] of the [[Catholic Church]] on 1 January, the [[Octave (liturgical)|Octave]] (8th) day of [[Christmas]]. This [[solemnity]] is a [[Holy Day of Obligation]] in areas that have not abrogated it. Christians of [[Byzantine Rite|Byzantine]],<ref>[https://media.ascensionpress.com/2020/01/01/mother-of-god-extends-our-christmas-celebration/ "Mother of God Extends Our Christmas Celebration"], [[Ascension Press]] website</ref> [[West Syriac Rite|West Syriac]], and [[East Syriac Rite|East Syriac]] Rites celebrate Mary as the [[Mother of God]] on 26 December (also known as the Synaxis of the Theotokos),<ref name=CR>''Calendarium Romanum'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 84.</ref> while the [[Coptic Church]] (an [[Oriental Orthodox]] church) does so on 16 January.

The [[Eastern Orthodox Church]],<ref>[http://www.goarch.org/en/chapel/calendar.asp?Y=2007&M=1 Greek Orthodox Archdiocese calendar of Holy Days] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080213044716/http://www.goarch.org/en/chapel/calendar.asp?Y=2007&M=1 |date=February 13, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pemptousia.gr/2022/01/i-peritomi-tou-iisou-christou-ioudaiki-teleti-i-simio-pragmatiko/|title=Η Περιτομή του Ιησού Χριστού|website=www.pemptousia.gr|date=31 December 2021 |language=Greek|access-date=15 October 2022}}</ref> [[Traditional Catholics]], [[Anglican Communion]] and the [[Lutheran World Federation|Lutheran Church]] observe the [[Feast of the Circumcision of Christ]] on 1 January.<ref name="Pfatteicher2013">{{cite book|last=Pfatteicher|first=Philip H.|title=Journey into the Heart of God: Living the Liturgical Year|date=23 September 2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|isbn=9780199997145|page=113|quote=The Anglican and Lutheran churches retain the medieval association of the octave with the circumcision and the giving of the holy Name.}}</ref>

== Significance ==
The feast is a celebration of Mary being the mother of [[Jesus]]. The [[English language|English]] title "Mother of God" is a literal translation of the [[Latin]] title ''Mater Dei'', which in turn is a rendering of the [[Greek language|Greek]] title Θεοτόκος (''[[Theotokos]]''), meaning "Bearer of God" dogmatically adopted by the [[First Council of Ephesus]] (431) as an assertion of the [[divinity of Christ]].<ref name="Fenelon">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncregister.com/site/article/start-the-new-year-with-the-holy-family-and-mary|title=Start the New Year With the Holy Family and Mary|last=Fenelon|first=Marge|date=29 December 2013|website=National Catholic Register|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref>

== History ==
The [[Second Vatican Council]] stated: "Clearly from earliest times the Blessed Virgin is honoured under the title of Mother of God."<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html Pope Paul VI, ''Lumen gentium'', 66]</ref> and at an early stage the Church in Rome celebrated on 1 January a feast that it called the anniversary (''Natale'') of the [[Theotokos|Mother of God]].<ref name=CR/> When this was overshadowed by the feasts of the [[Annunciation]] and the [[Assumption of Mary|Assumption]], adopted from Constantinople at the start of the 7th century, 1 January began to be celebrated simply as the octave day of Christmas, the "eighth day" on which, according to {{bibleverse||Luke|2:21|ESV}}, the child was circumcised and given the name Jesus.<ref name=Adam/>

In the 13th or 14th century, 1 January began to be celebrated in Rome, as already in Spain and Gaul, as the feast of the Circumcision of the Lord and the Octave of the Nativity, while still oriented towards Mary and Christmas,<ref name=Adam>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oRxGerTUktoC&pg=PA140 |first=Adolf |last=Adam |title=The Liturgical Year |publisher=Liturgical Press |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-81466047-8 |pages=139–140}}</ref> with many prayers, [[antiphon]]s and [[responsory|responsories]] glorifying the maternity of Mary.<ref name=CR/> [[Pope John XXIII]]'s [[General Roman Calendar of 1960]] removed the mention of the circumcision of Jesus and called 1 January simply the Octave of the Nativity.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Longenecker|first=Fr. Dwight|date=29 December 2016|title=Catholics have three chances, not one, to celebrate New Year's|url=https://cruxnow.com/commentary/2016/12/catholics-three-chances-not-one-celebrate-new-years/|access-date=30 December 2019|website=Crux}}</ref>

===Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary<!--'Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary' redirects here-->===
The feast of the '''Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> was first granted, on the petition of King [[Joseph I of Portugal]], to the dioceses of Portugal and to Brasil and Algeria, 22 January 1751, together with the feast of the Purity of Mary, and was assigned to the first Sunday in May. In the following year both feasts were extended to the province of Venice, in 1778 to the kingdom of Naples, and 1807 to Tuscany. In the Roman Breviary the feast of the Maternity was commemorated on the second, and the feast of the Purity on the third, Sunday in October. At Mesagna in Apulia it was kept 20 February in commemoration of the earthquake, 20 February 1743. This particular feast was not included in the universal calendar of the church, but a number of diocesan calendars had adopted it.<ref name="Holweck">{{Cite Catholic Encyclopedia|last=Holweck|first=Frederick George|author-link=Frederick George Holweck|title=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|ref=no|wstitle=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary}}</ref> By 1914, the feast was established in [[Portugal]] for celebration on 11 October and was extended to the entire Catholic Church by [[Pope Pius XI]] in 1931.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reginamag.com/feast-of-the-maternity-of-the-blessed-virgin-mary/|title=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|last=Masters|first=Ed|date=11 October 2016|website=Regina Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sspx.org/en/news-events/news/feast-maternity-blessed-virgin-mary-41114|title=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|last=Lefebvre|first=Dom|date=12 October 2018|website=SSPX.org|publisher=Society of Saint Pius X|language=en|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref>

[[File:S Agostino Madonna del Parto.jpg|thumb|upright|S Agostino Madonna del Parto]]
====Madonna del Parto====
In Rome, in the [[Basilica of Sant'Agostino, Rome|Basilica of S. Augustine]], the feast of the "Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary" was celebrated with an octave, in honour of the miraculous statue of the Madonna del Parto by [[Jacopo Sansovino]]. For centuries, the people of Rome and its environs have invoked the intercession of the Madonna before this statue asking for safe deliveries and healthy babies. The statue is laden with thank-offerings and always surrounded by offerings of flowers and candles, and often photographs of smiling infants and toddlers, "visual evidence of faith in holy intercession".<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rdaaAAAAQBAJ&dq=madonna+del+parto+sansovino&pg=PA23 Jacobs, Fredrika H., ''Votive Panels and Popular Piety in Early Modern Italy'', Cambridge University Press, 2013 p. 23], {{ISBN|9781107023048}}</ref>

====Our Lady of Good Remedy====
This feast was also the titular feast of the [[Trinitarian Order|Trinitarians]].<ref name=Holweck/> In 1198, [[John of Matha]] founded the Order of the Most Holy Trinity with the mission of ransoming captive Christians. To this end, he placed the order's fund-raising efforts under the patronage of Mary. In gratitude for her assistance, he then honored Mary with the title of "Our Lady of Good Remedy" (also known under the invocation of [[Virgin of Los Remedios|Nuestra Señora de los Remedios]]).<ref>[http://www.trinitarians.org/about/devotions.html "Trinitarian Devotions", The Trinitarians]</ref> Her feast day is now celebrated on 8 October.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ewtn.com/Devotionals/novena/Remedy.htm|title=Our Lady of Good Remedy|website=www.ewtn.com|access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref>

=== ''Mysterii Paschalis'' ===
The [[Mysterii Paschalis|1969 revision]] of the liturgical year and the calendar in the [[Roman Rite]] states: "1 January, the Octave Day of the Nativity of the Lord, is the Solemnity of Mary, the Holy Mother of God, and also the commemoration of the conferral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus."<ref>''Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar'', 35 f</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Complementary Norms {{!}} USCCB |url=https://www.usccb.org/committees/canonical-affairs-church-governance/complementary-norms |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.usccb.org |language=en}}</ref> It removed the 11 October feast, even for Portugal, stating: "The Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is celebrated on 1 January in the Solemnity of Mary, the Mother of God."<ref>''Calendarium Romanum'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 142</ref> The 11 October feast is celebrated by [[Traditionalist Catholic]] individuals and groups who mostly observe the [[General Roman Calendar of 1960]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Latin Mass Society Ordo: October |url=https://lms.org.uk/sites/default/files/u8/october_0.pdf |website=Latin Mass Society UK}}</ref>

=== ''Marialis Cultus'' ===
{{Catholic mariology sidebar}}
In his Apostolic Letter ''[[Marialis Cultus]]'', Pope Paul VI explained: "This celebration, placed on January 1 ...is meant to commemorate the part played by Mary in this mystery of salvation. It is meant also to exalt the singular dignity which this mystery brings to the 'holy Mother...through whom we were found worthy to receive the Author of life.' It is likewise a fitting occasion for renewing adoration of the newborn Prince of Peace, for listening once more to the glad tidings of the angels (cf. {{bibleverse|Luke|2:14|9|Lk. 2:14}}), and for imploring from God, through the Queen of Peace, the supreme gift of peace."<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_p-vi_exh_19740202_marialis-cultus_en.html Pope Paul VI, ''Marialis Cultus'', §5, February 2, 1974, Vatican]</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Feast of the Circumcision of Christ]]
* [[Madonna del Parto]] as an iconic motif
* [[Mother of God (Roman Catholic)]]

{{Portal|Saints}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources ==
* {{Catholic|title=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|ref=no|wstitle=Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0101.shtml Saints of January 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907043023/http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0101.shtml |date=7 September 2010 }}

Version vom 3. Januar 2024, 18:47 Uhr

DieGottesmutter, Μήτηρ Θεοῦ (Mētēr Theou), ist poetisch auch beschrieben als Πλατυτέρα τῶν οὐρανῶν (Platytéra tōn Ouranōn, "Größer als der Himmel") weil Sie Gott im Mutterleib bewahrte.

Gefeiert wird dieses Hochfest von

Die Festtage sind:

Das Hochfest der Gottesmutter ist ein Hochfest der Mutter Jesu. Ihr Name ist Maria. Sie hat Jesus Christus am achten Tag nach der Geburt in Übereinstimmung mit dem levitischen Gesetz beschneiden lassen.

Christians see him as the Lord and Son of God.[1]

It is celebrated by the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church on 1 January, the Octave (8th) day of Christmas. This solemnity is a Holy Day of Obligation in areas that have not abrogated it. Christians of Byzantine,[2] West Syriac, and East Syriac Rites celebrate Mary as the Mother of God on 26 December (also known as the Synaxis of the Theotokos),[3] while the Coptic Church (an Oriental Orthodox church) does so on 16 January.

The Eastern Orthodox Church,[4][5] Traditional Catholics, Anglican Communion and the Lutheran Church observe the Feast of the Circumcision of Christ on 1 January.[6]

Significance

The feast is a celebration of Mary being the mother of Jesus. The English title "Mother of God" is a literal translation of the Latin title Mater Dei, which in turn is a rendering of the Greek title Θεοτόκος (Theotokos), meaning "Bearer of God" dogmatically adopted by the First Council of Ephesus (431) as an assertion of the divinity of Christ.[7]

History

The Second Vatican Council stated: "Clearly from earliest times the Blessed Virgin is honoured under the title of Mother of God."[8] and at an early stage the Church in Rome celebrated on 1 January a feast that it called the anniversary (Natale) of the Mother of God.[3] When this was overshadowed by the feasts of the Annunciation and the Assumption, adopted from Constantinople at the start of the 7th century, 1 January began to be celebrated simply as the octave day of Christmas, the "eighth day" on which, according to Vorlage:Bibleverse, the child was circumcised and given the name Jesus.[9]

In the 13th or 14th century, 1 January began to be celebrated in Rome, as already in Spain and Gaul, as the feast of the Circumcision of the Lord and the Octave of the Nativity, while still oriented towards Mary and Christmas,[9] with many prayers, antiphons and responsories glorifying the maternity of Mary.[3] Pope John XXIII's General Roman Calendar of 1960 removed the mention of the circumcision of Jesus and called 1 January simply the Octave of the Nativity.[10]

Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary

The feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was first granted, on the petition of King Joseph I of Portugal, to the dioceses of Portugal and to Brasil and Algeria, 22 January 1751, together with the feast of the Purity of Mary, and was assigned to the first Sunday in May. In the following year both feasts were extended to the province of Venice, in 1778 to the kingdom of Naples, and 1807 to Tuscany. In the Roman Breviary the feast of the Maternity was commemorated on the second, and the feast of the Purity on the third, Sunday in October. At Mesagna in Apulia it was kept 20 February in commemoration of the earthquake, 20 February 1743. This particular feast was not included in the universal calendar of the church, but a number of diocesan calendars had adopted it.[11] By 1914, the feast was established in Portugal for celebration on 11 October and was extended to the entire Catholic Church by Pope Pius XI in 1931.[12][13]

S Agostino Madonna del Parto

Madonna del Parto

In Rome, in the Basilica of S. Augustine, the feast of the "Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary" was celebrated with an octave, in honour of the miraculous statue of the Madonna del Parto by Jacopo Sansovino. For centuries, the people of Rome and its environs have invoked the intercession of the Madonna before this statue asking for safe deliveries and healthy babies. The statue is laden with thank-offerings and always surrounded by offerings of flowers and candles, and often photographs of smiling infants and toddlers, "visual evidence of faith in holy intercession".[14]

Our Lady of Good Remedy

This feast was also the titular feast of the Trinitarians.[11] In 1198, John of Matha founded the Order of the Most Holy Trinity with the mission of ransoming captive Christians. To this end, he placed the order's fund-raising efforts under the patronage of Mary. In gratitude for her assistance, he then honored Mary with the title of "Our Lady of Good Remedy" (also known under the invocation of Nuestra Señora de los Remedios).[15] Her feast day is now celebrated on 8 October.[16]

Mysterii Paschalis

The 1969 revision of the liturgical year and the calendar in the Roman Rite states: "1 January, the Octave Day of the Nativity of the Lord, is the Solemnity of Mary, the Holy Mother of God, and also the commemoration of the conferral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus."[17][18] It removed the 11 October feast, even for Portugal, stating: "The Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is celebrated on 1 January in the Solemnity of Mary, the Mother of God."[19] The 11 October feast is celebrated by Traditionalist Catholic individuals and groups who mostly observe the General Roman Calendar of 1960.[20]

Marialis Cultus

Vorlage:Catholic mariology sidebar In his Apostolic Letter Marialis Cultus, Pope Paul VI explained: "This celebration, placed on January 1 ...is meant to commemorate the part played by Mary in this mystery of salvation. It is meant also to exalt the singular dignity which this mystery brings to the 'holy Mother...through whom we were found worthy to receive the Author of life.' It is likewise a fitting occasion for renewing adoration of the newborn Prince of Peace, for listening once more to the glad tidings of the angels (cf. Vorlage:Bibleverse), and for imploring from God, through the Queen of Peace, the supreme gift of peace."[21]

See also

Portal: Saints – Übersicht zu Wikipedia-Inhalten zum Thema Saints

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Sources

  1. ↑ "The Four Marian Dogmas", Catholic News Agency
  2. ↑ "Mother of God Extends Our Christmas Celebration", Ascension Press website
  3. ↑ a b c Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 84.
  4. ↑ Greek Orthodox Archdiocese calendar of Holy Days web.archive.org Fehler bei Vorlage * Parametername unbekannt (Vorlage:Webarchiv): "date"Vorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/Parameter Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: Genau einer der Parameter 'wayback', 'webciteID', 'archive-today', 'archive-is' oder 'archiv-url' muss angegeben werden.Vorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/Linktext_fehltVorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/URL Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: enWP-Wert im Parameter 'url'.
  5. ↑ Η Περιτομή του Ιησού Χριστού. In: www.pemptousia.gr. 31. Dezember 2021, abgerufen am 15. Oktober 2022 (griechisch).
  6. ↑ Philip H. Pfatteicher: Journey into the Heart of God: Living the Liturgical Year. Oxford University Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0-19-999714-5, S. 113 (englisch): “The Anglican and Lutheran churches retain the medieval association of the octave with the circumcision and the giving of the holy Name.”
  7. ↑ Marge Fenelon: Start the New Year With the Holy Family and Mary. In: National Catholic Register. 29. Dezember 2013, abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2019.
  8. ↑ Pope Paul VI, Lumen gentium, 66
  9. ↑ a b Adolf Adam: The Liturgical Year. Liturgical Press, 1990, ISBN 978-0-8146-6047-8, S. 139–140 (google.com).
  10. ↑ Fr. Dwight Longenecker: Catholics have three chances, not one, to celebrate New Year's. In: Crux. 29. Dezember 2016, abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2019.
  11. ↑ a b Vorlage:Cite Catholic Encyclopedia
  12. ↑ Ed Masters: Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In: Regina Magazine. 11. Oktober 2016, abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2019 (amerikanisches Englisch).
  13. ↑ Dom Lefebvre: Feast of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In: SSPX.org. Society of Saint Pius X, 12. Oktober 2018, abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2019 (englisch).
  14. ↑ Jacobs, Fredrika H., Votive Panels and Popular Piety in Early Modern Italy, Cambridge University Press, 2013 p. 23, Vorlage:ISBN
  15. ↑ "Trinitarian Devotions", The Trinitarians
  16. ↑ Our Lady of Good Remedy. In: www.ewtn.com. Abgerufen am 19. Juni 2017.
  17. ↑ Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar, 35 f
  18. ↑ Complementary Norms | USCCB. In: www.usccb.org. Abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2022 (englisch).
  19. ↑ Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 142
  20. ↑ Latin Mass Society Ordo: October. In: Latin Mass Society UK.
  21. ↑ Pope Paul VI, Marialis Cultus, §5, February 2, 1974, Vatican
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