Salvator Rosa (opera): Difference between revisions

''Salvator Rosa'' was Gomes' fifth opera and the third to have its world premiere in Italy. He and his librettist, [[Antonio Ghislanzoni|Ghislanzoni]], had originally wanted to call the opera ''Masaniello'', after [[Eugène de Mirecourt]]'s novel on which it is based. However, [[Daniel Auber|Auber]]'s 1828, ''[[La muette de porticiPortici]]'' set in the same historical period, was already known in Italy by that name. Instead, Ghislanzoni made [[Salvator Rosa]] (a secondary character in de Mirecourt's novel) the chief protagonist. The central love affair between Isabella and [[Masaniello]] in the novel became one between Salvator Rosa and Isabella in the opera. Like many fictional works based on the life of Salvator Rosa, de Mirecourt's novel derived from an 1824 biography of the painter by [[Lady Morgan]], ''The Life and Times of Salvator Rosa'', which perpetuated the legends that Rosa had been imprisoned by bandits when he was a young man and that he returned to Naples in 1647 to aid Masaniello in his [[Neapolitan Republic (1647)|revolt against Spanish rule]].<ref>{{sfn|Patty (|2005) |p. =101 and ''passim''</ref>}} It is the latter legend which forms the basis of Ghislanzoni's libretto.

''Salvator Rosa'' premiered at the [[Teatro Carlo Felice]] on 21 March 1874 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Rossi with [[Guglielmo Anastasi]] in the title role, [[Leone Giraldoni]] as Masaniello, [[Romilda Pantaleoni]] as Isabella, and the French bass [[{{ill|François-Marcel Junca]]|ca|Marcel Junca|pt}} as her father, the Duke of Arcos.<ref name = "AA"Casaglia>{{harvnb|Casaglia (|2005)}}</ref> Following the Genoa premiere, the opera was performed in Italy at the [[Teatro Regio di Torino(Turin)]] (1875), the [[Teatro Riccardi]] in [[Bergamo]] (1876), and the [[Teatro Regio di (Parma)]] (1882). In LatinSouth America, it was first performed in [[Uruguay]] at the [[Teatro Solis]] in 1876, but it was another six years before the opera was performed in [[Brazil]], Gomes' native country. The Brazilian premiere took place in the city of [[Belém]] on 29 July 1882. Although largely forgotten now apart from its great aria for [[Bass (voice type)|bass]], "Di sposo, di padre", the opera's rare 20th century revivals include those in [[Rio de Janiero]]Janeiro at the [[TeatroTheatro Municipal (Rio de Janeiro)|Theatro Municipal]] in 1946 (attended by Gomes' daughter and broadcast on Brazilian radio), [[São Paulo]] at the [[Theatro Municipal (São Paulo)|Theatro Municipal]] in 1977, and at New York City's [[Amato Opera]] in 1987.<ref>{{sfn|Kimmelman (15 May |1987)</ref>}} The opera was revived again in 2000 with the [[Dorset Opera]], [[Fernando del Valle]] in the title role, and 2004 at the [[Festival della Valle d'Itria]] in [[Martina Franca]].<ref>{{sfn|Kirk</ref>|n.d.}}

[[File:Romilda Pantaleoni by Ganzini circa 1875.jpg|thumb|190 pxupright|[[Romilda Pantaleoni]] who created the role of Isabella]]

!Premiere cast, 21 March 1874<ref>List of singers taken from name=Casaglia 2005.</ref>

|[[Rodrigo Ponce de León, 4th Duke of Arcos|Il duca d'Arcos]], ''Viceroy of Naples''

|[[{{ill|François-Marcel Junca]]|ca|Marcel Junca|pt}}

|Isabella, ''his daughter''

|[[Salvator Rosa]], ''a painter in love with Isabella''

|[[Guglielmo Anastasi]]

|[[Masaniello]], ''rebel leader and friend of Rosa''

|Gennariello, ''a young friend of Rosa and Masaniello''

|Clelia Blenio

|Fernandez, ''commander of the Spanish troops''

|Il conte di Badajoz, ''a Spanish nobelmannobleman''

|Corcelli, ''a brigand allied to the Spanish rulers''

|Clelia Cappelli <ref>Although the roles of Bianca and Suora Ines were sung by two different singers at the premiere (see {{harvnb|Casaglia |2005}}), the libretto states that they can also be sung by one singer</ref>

=='''Sources=='''

*Kimmelman,{{cite news|last=Kimmelman|first=Michael|authorlink=Michael, [httpKimmelman|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/15/arts/opera-salvator-rosa.html "|title=Opera: ''Salvator Rosa'"], ''|work=[[The New York Times]]'', |date=15 May 1987. Accessed |access-date=30 October 2010.}}

*Kirk,{{cite magazine|last=Kirk|first=David L., [|url=http://www.arkivmusic.com/classical/album.jsp?album_id=101592 |title=Recording Reviewreview: ''Salvator Rosa''], ''|date=n.d.|magazine=[[Fanfare Magazine(magazine)|Fanfare]]'' (reprinted on |via=arkivmusic.com). Accessed |access-date=30 October 2010.}}

*Patty,{{cite book|last=Patty|first=James S., [http|url=https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=SQNV79epBiMC&pg=PA113&dq|title=Eug%C3%A8ne+de+Mirecourt+masaniello&hl=en&ei=8CXMTOL9IYLHswbRkYGXCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Salvator Rosa in French Literature: From the Bizarre to the Sublime''], |publisher=University Press of Kentucky, |year=2005. ISBN 0813123305|isbn=0-8131-2330-5}}