Wikipedia

Jack P. Juhan: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Section Retirement created
m discontinued portal
 
(42 intermediate revisions by 20 users not shown)
Line 1:
{{short description|U.S. Marine Corps Major General}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= Jack Phillip Juhan
Line 7 ⟶ 8:
|placeofburial= [[Santa Fe National Cemetery]]
|placeofburial_label=
|image=Jack P. Juhan.jpg
|caption= Juhan as Brigadier General, USMC
|nickname=
|allegiance= {{flag|United States of America}}
|branch= [[File:USMC logo.svg|25px]] [[United States Marine Corps]]
|serviceyears= 1927-19581927–1958
|rank=[[File:US-O8 insignia.svg|28px]] [[Major general (United States)|Major Generalgeneral]]
|servicenumber= 0-4263
|commands= Force Troops, [[Fleet Marine Force Atlantic|FMFLANT]]<br />[[Chief of staff|CoS]] of [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]]<br />[[S2 (military)|S-2]] of [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]]<br />[[6th Marine Regiment (United States)|6th Marine Regiment]]<br />[[7th Marine Regiment (United States)|7th Marine Regiment]]
|unit=
|battles=
'''[[United States occupation of Nicaragua|NicaraguaNicaraguan Campaign]]'''<br />'''[[Yangtze Patrol]]'''<br />'''[[World War II]]'''<br />
*[[Battle of Saipan]]
*[[Battle of Tinian]]
Line 28 ⟶ 29:
}}
 
'''Jack Phillip Juhan''' (December 28, 1904 -– February 24, 2002) was a decorated officer of the [[United States Marine Corps]], who reached the rank of [[Major general (United States)|Majormajor Generalgeneral]]. He is most noted for his service as [[Executiveexecutive Officerofficer]] of [[8th Marine Regiment (United States)|8th Marine Regiment]] during the [[Pacific War]]. Juhan later served as Commandingcommanding Generalgeneral of the Force Troops, [[Fleet Marine Force Atlantic]] and headed UN Personnel and Medical Processing Unit or [[7th Marine Regiment (United States)|7th Marine Regiment]] during [[Korean War]].
 
==Early career==
 
Jack P. Juhan was born on December 28, 1904, in [[Wapanucka, Oklahoma]], the son of blacksmith Francis Nelson Juhan (1873–1935) and his wife Elizabeth (1871–1972). His family moved to [[Glenwood Springs, Colorado]], when he was 13 years of age, and young Jack attended the local high school. Following his graduation in 1922, Juhan enrolled at the [[University of Denver]], but after one year, he received an appointment to the [[United States Naval Academy]] in [[Annapolis, Maryland]], by U.S. Senator [[Edward T. Taylor]], who was also from Glenwood Springs.<ref name="Post Independent" />
 
He graduated with the class of 1927 and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Marine Corps on June 2, 1927. Many of his classmates became general officers later: [[George W. Anderson, Jr.]], [[Glynn R. Donaho]], [[John C. Munn]], [[Herbert D. Riley]], [[Alan Shapley]], [[John Thach]], [[Clarence E. Coffin]], [[Samuel H. Crittenden Jr.]], [[Marion L. Dawson]], [[Timothy F. Donohue]], [[Tom Hamilton (American football)|Thomas J. Hamilton]], [[Herbert L. Hoerner]], [[William P. Chilton (admiral)|William P. Chilton]], [[Alexander M. Kowalzyk]], [[William L. Knickerbocker]], [[Leland R. Lampman]], [[William Harrington Leahy|William H. Leahy]], [[William F. Royall]], [[Willard A. Saunders]], [[Brooke Schumm]], [[Francis M. McAlister]], [[Samuel S. Jack]], [[David F. O'Neill]], [[Henry R. Paige]], [[George H. Potter]], [[Walter L. J. Bayler]], [[Joseph W. Earnshaw]], [[Harold D. Hansen]], [[Archie E. O'Neil]], [[Richard P. Ross Jr.]], [[Miles S. Newton]] or [[Earl S. Piper]].<ref name="Lucky Bag">{{cite web|url=https://www.usna.com/|title= Lucky Bag – USNA Class of 1927|publisher=United States Naval Academy|access-date=2017-12-21}}</ref>
 
As any other newly commissioned marine officer, Juhan was sent to [[the Basic School]] at [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], where he earned further officer education. He graduated from the school in January 1928 and was assigned to the [[11th Marine Regiment (United States)|11th Marine Regiment]] under Colonel [[Robert H. Dunlap]]. His regiment was subsequently attached to the 2nd Marine Brigade and sailed to [[Nicaragua]] to fight rebel forces under [[Augusto César Sandino]]. After his arrival, Juhan was stationed in [[Matagalpa Department]] and his duty consisted of supervision of the elections, training of [[Guardia Nacional (Nicaragua)|''Guardia Nacional'']] men and extensive jungle patrolling.
 
In November 1928, Juhan was ordered back to the United States and subsequently served in [[Marine Corps Base Quantico|Marine Barracks]] at [[Quantico, Virginia]], and [[Naval Air Station Pensacola|Pensacola]], [[Florida]]. This peaceful duties were terminated in September, when he was assigned to the [[4th Marine Regiment (United States)|4th Marine Regiment]] and sailed for another expeditionary duty in [[Shanghai]], [[China]]. Juhan served during the emergency there until May 1933 and participated in the defense of the [[Shanghai International Settlement]].<ref name="Post Independent" />
 
He served aboard the battleship [[USS Wyoming (BB-32)|USS ''Wyoming'']] and later on [[USS Antares (AG-10)|USS ''Antares'']] in Cuban waters during the [[Sergeants' Revolt]] in September 1933. During the summer of 1935, he took the Junior course in the Marine Corps Schools at [[Marine Corps Base Quantico|Marine Barracks Quantico]] and following his graduation in June 1936, he was stationed at Marine Barracks within [[Norfolk Navy Yard]]. Juhan also completed gunnery training and sea school at [[Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C.]] and was subsequently promoted to captain.
 
Captain Juhan was subsequently appointed commander of the Marine detachment aboard the cruiser [[USS Vincennes (CA-44)|USS ''Vincennes'']] and sailed to [[Panama Canal]] and [[Hawaii]], before returning to [[San Diego]]. He returned from the sea duties in March 1939 and following the one-month leave, he was appointed [[aide-de-camp]] to the [[Commandant of the United States Marine Corps|commandant of the Marine Corps]], Major General [[Thomas Holcomb]].
 
==World War II==
 
At the beginning of June 1941, Major Juhan joined Colonel [[Julian C. Smith]] and traveled to [[Great Britain]], where he served as [[Military attaché|Assistant Naval Attaché]] and naval observer at Americanthe U.S. Embassyembassy in [[London]]. He witnessed a few German air raids and subsequently returned to the United States in September 1941. He was subsequently appointed an Instructorinstructor at Basic School in Philadelphia Navy Yard and remained in this capacity until July 1942, when he was transferred to a similar position in the Tactical section of the Marine Corps Schools at [[Marine Corps Base Quantico|Marine Barracks Quantico]].<ref name="USMC Websites">{{cite web | url = http://www.marines.mil/Portals/59/Publications/A%20Different%20War-Marines%20in%20Europe%20and%20North%20Africa%20PCN%2019000312500.pdf?ver=2012-10-11-163140-957 | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = marines.mil | title = A Different War: Marines in Europe and North Africa | publisher = USMC Websites}}</ref>
 
This assignment was interrupted in November 1942, when Juhan was assigned to the instruction at [[United States Army Infantry School|Army Infantry School]] at [[Fort Benning]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. Upon his graduation in February 1943, he returned to the Marine Corps Schools at Quantico and was appointed Assistant Chief of Operations and Training section. Juhan was later promoted to the rank of Lieutenantlieutenant Colonelcolonel and appointed Commandingcommanding officer of the Training battalion there.
 
Juhan was finally ordered overseas in February 1944,<ref name="Marine Corps Chevron, Volume 3, Number 3, 22 January 1944">{{cite web | url = http://historicperiodicals.princeton.edu/historic/cgi-bin/historic?a=d&d=MarineCorpsChevron19440122-01.2.85&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-Juhan------ | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = historicperiodicals.princeton.edu | title = Marine Corps Chevron, Volume 3, Number 3, 22 January 1944 | publisher = Princeton University Library Websites}}</ref> when he was appointed an [[Executiveexecutive Officerofficer]] of the [[8th Marine Regiment (United States)|8th Marine Regiment]], under Colonel [[Clarence R. Wallace]]. However, the 8th Marines were transferred for rest and refit to [[Hawaii]] after heavy fighting duringin the [[battleBattle of Tarawa]]. Juhan oversaw the regiment during the training for their next campaign in Pacific: -the [[Battle of Saipan]].<ref name="HyperWar">{{cite web | url = http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Saipan/USMC-M-Saipan-IV.html | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = ibiblio.org | title = US Marine Corps in World War II -– HyperWar | publisher = HyperWar Websites}}</ref>
 
The 8th Marines arrived there on morning of June 15, 1944 and participated in the initial landing. Shortly before the end of the battle, CommandingLieutenant Colonel [[Rathvon M. Tompkins]], the commanding officer of the 1st Battalion, [[29th Marine Regiment (United States)|29th Marine Regiment]], Lt. Col. [[Rathvon M. Tompkins]], was wounded by enemy fire on July 2, 1944. Juhan was selectedbecame temporary commander of the battalion and distinguished himself during the heavy combatsfighting in the next two days. For his service in this capacity, he was decorated with the [[Bronze Star Medal]] with [["V" Device|Combat "V"]].<ref name="Post Independent">{{cite web | url = http://www.postindependent.com/news/major-general-jack-p-juhan/ | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = postindependent.com | title = Major General Jack P. Juhan | publisher = Post Independent Websites}}</ref>
 
On July 4, Juhan was relieved by Major William W. McKinley and returned to the 8th Marine Regiment as [[Executiveexecutive Officer]]officer. He participated in the subsequent [[Battle of Tinian|landing on Tinian]] at the end of July 1944 and following his promotion to the rank of [[Colonel (United States)|Colonelcolonel]], he was appointed an [[S2 (military)|Intelligence officer (S-2)]] of the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]] under Major generalGeneral [[Thomas E. Watson (USMC)|Thomas E. Watson]].<ref name="HyperWar">< /ref>
 
Colonel Juhan conducted intelligence work for 2nd Division units during the [[Battle of Okinawa]] in April 1945, but did not wentgo ashore. For his service during the [[Saipan]] and [[Tinian]] campaigns and later on the staff of the 2nd Marine Division, he received the [[Legion of Merit]] with [["V" Device|Combat "V"]].<ref name="Valor awards for Jack P. Juhan">< /ref><ref name="Post Independent">< /ref>
 
==Later career==
 
Juhan remained on the staff of the 2nd Marine Division until the end of October 1945, when he relieved Colonel [[Gregon A. Williams]] as Commandingcommanding Officerofficer of the [[6th Marine Regiment (United States)|6th Marine Regiment]]. The 6th Marines were already in [[Japan]] and served as [[Occupation of Japan|occupation forces]]. Juhan was relieved by Colonel [[James P. Berkeley]], ordered back to the United States in February 1946 and assigned to [[Chicago]], where he was appointed Officerofficer in Chargecharge of the Central Recruiting Division. The recruiting duties ended in September 1946, and Juhan was ordered to [[Washington, D.C.]], where he was assigned to the Personnel Department at [[Headquarters Marine Corps]]. There he served as Officerofficer in Chargecharge of the Officer Procurement Section until August 1947 and then was appointed Chief of the Records branch.
 
In August 1948, Juhan was assigned to the course at [[National War College]] and followingafter the graduationgraduating in June 1949, he was selected for the important job at [[United Nations Military Staff Committee]] in [[New York City|New York]] asof Deputydeputy and Chiefchief of Staffstaff to the United States Naval Representative.
 
He remained in that capacity for next two years and in June 1951, he was transferred back to [[Washington, D.C.]], to take command of the Marine Barracksbarracks at [[Washington Navy Yard]].<ref name="Madera Tribune, Number 165, 14 August 1952">{{cite web | url = https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=MT19520814.2.84 | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = cdnc.ucr.edu | title = Madera Tribune, Number 165, 14 August 1952 | publisher = California Digital Newspaper Websites}}</ref> Juhan also simultaneously served as Directordirector of the [[Marine Corps Institute]] located there. However, he left this capacity in June 1953, when he was appointed Commandercommander of the United Nations Personnel and Medical Processing Unit in [[Korea]]. In this capacity, heHe was responsible for the [[Prisoner exchange|exchange of the prisoners of war]] and also for the clothing issue, security, food, communication, motor transport and the operation of the unit headquarters.<ref name='U.S. Marine Operations In Korea 1950-1953: Volume V - Operations In West Korea'>{{cite book|last=Meid|first=Pat|author2= |title=U.S. Marine Operations In Korea 1950-19531950–1953: Volume V -– Operations In West Korea|publisher=|location=|year=2014|pages=14|publisher=Pickle Partners |isbn=978-1499780239|url=https://books.google.czcom/books?id=asNvCwAAQBAJ&pgq=PT301&lpg=PT301&dq=UN+Personnel+and+Medical+Processing+Unit&sourcepg=bl&ots=sZqPT301|access-ktx1Sc&sig=XDBPQWR3LFXFBlH2lOXyyiPbKlk&hl=cs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiQl_-65NjUAhVGEVAKHQlZCXoQ6AEIIjAA#v=onepage&q=Personnel%20and%20Medical%20Processing&f=false|accessdatedate=25 June 2017|authorlink=}}</ref>
 
Juhan was appointed Commandingcommanding officer of the [[7th Marine Regiment (United States)|7th Marine Regiment]] in August 1953, but following the [[Korean Armistice Agreement|Armistice]], he participated only in the defense of the [[Korean Demilitarized Zone]] and was finally succeeded by Colonel [[Wendell H. Duplantis]] in December 1953. However, he stayed in Korea and was appointed [[Chief of staff|Chief of Staff]] of the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]] under Major generalGeneral [[Randolph M. Pate]]. For his service in Korea, Juhan received his second [[Bronze Star Medal]] with [["V" Device|Combat "V"]] and also the [[Order of Military Merit (Korea)|Order of Military Merit, Eulji Medal]] with Silver Star by the Government of [[South Korea]].<ref name="Post Independent">< /ref>
 
Upon his return stateside in April 1954, Juhan was appointed Deputydeputy Chiefchief of Staffstaff of [[Department of the Pacific (USMC)|Department of the Pacific]] under Major generalGeneral [[Ray A. Robinson]], with the headquarters in [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. However Juhan returned to [[Camp Lejeune]] soon after and was assigned to the Presidentpresident of the Joint Landing Force Board as his Deputydeputy. While served in this capacity, he was promoted to the rank of [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadierbrigadier Generalgeneral]] in August 1954. In February 1955, he succeeded Brigadier generalGeneral [[Edward W. Snedeker]] as Assistantassistant Divisiondivision Commandercommander of the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]], located there, and remained in this capacity just until the beginning of July of that year.<ref name="Post Independent">< /ref>
 
His next important assignment was as Commandingcommanding general Force Troops, [[Fleet Marine Force Atlantic]] (FMFLANT). In this capacity, he was responsible for all independent units under FMFLANT such as support artillery units, antiaircraft artillery units, military police battalions, separate engineer units and other miscellaneous force units of the [[Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic]].
 
Juhan was succeeded by Brigadier General [[Sidney S. Wade]] in July 1957 and concluded his career as Deputy Base Commander, [[Camp Pendleton]] fromunder JulyMajor 1957General [[Reginald H. Ridgely Jr.]] and finally retired from the Marine Corps in July of the following year. He was advanced to the rank of [[Major general (United States)|Majormajor Generalgeneral]] for having been specially commended in combat.<ref name="Post Independent">< /ref>
 
==Retirement==
 
Following his retirement, Jack Juhan resided in [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]], and worked as Executiveexecutive Directordirector of the [[United Way of America|United Way of Santa Fe County]] and later as Directordirector of Santa Fe Ski Basin. He was also active in the [[Veterans of Foreign Wars]] organization and the [[Military Order of the World Wars]] and was member of the [[Rotary International|Santa Fe Rotary Club]].<ref name="Post Independent">< /ref>
 
Major generalGeneral Jack P. Juhan died on February 24, 2002, and was buried together with his wife, Mildred G. Gossett (1908-19871908–1987), with full military honors at [[Santa Fe National Cemetery]]. They had together one daughter, Judith Dever Alexander.<ref name="Find a Grave Memorial">{{cite web | url = https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Juhan&GSfn=Jack&GSmn=P&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSob=n&GRid=17562937&df=all& | access-date = 27 June 2017 | work = findagrave.com | title = Find a Grave Memorial | publisher = Find a Grave Memorial Websites}}</ref>
 
==Decorations==
 
Here is the ribbon bar of Major General Jack P. Juhan:<ref name="Valor awards for Jack P. Juhan">{{cite web | url = http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=44366 | accessdateaccess-date = 25 June 2017 | work = valor.militarytimes.com | title = Valor awards for Jack P. Juhan | publisher = Militarytimes Websites}}</ref>
 
{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
<center>
{|
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|other_device=v|ribbon=Legion of Merit ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=1|type=award-star|other_device=v|ribbon=Bronze Star ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=U.S. Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Yangtze Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=American Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=American Campaign Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
Line 89 ⟶ 102:
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Korean Service Medal - Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations KoreaService Medal Korea ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Presidential Unit Citation (Korea).svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=5|type=service-star|ribbon=Eulji Cordon Medal.png|width=106}}
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
!1st Row
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Legion of Merit]] with [["V" Device|Combat "V"]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Bronze Star Medal]] with [["V" Device|Combat "V"]] and one [[5/16 inch star|{{frac|5|16}}" Gold Star]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Navy Unit Commendation]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal]]
|-
!2nd Row
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Yangtze Service Medal]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[American Defense Service Medal]] with Fleet Clasp
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[American Campaign Medal]]
|-
!3rd Row
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal]] with three [[Service star|3/16 inch service stars]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[World War II Victory Medal (United States)|World War II Victory Medal]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Navy Occupation Service Medal]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[National Defense Service Medal]]
|-
!4th Row
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Korean Service Medal]] with one [[Service star|3/16 inch service stars]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[United Nations Korea Medal]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)|Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation]]
|colspan="4" align="center" |[[Order of Military Merit (Korea)|Order of Military Merit, Eulji Medal]] with Silver Star
|}
</center>
 
 
{{S-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{Succession box|
title=Commanding General of the Force Troops, [[Fleet Marine Force Atlantic]]|
before= [[Francis B. Loomis Jr.]] |
years= July 1955 - July 1957|
after= [[Sidney S. Wade]]
}}
{{Succession box|
title=Commanding Officer of the [[6th Marine Regiment (United States)|6th Marine Regiment]]|
before= [[Gregon A. Williams]] |
years= 6 November 1945 – 24 January 1946|
after= [[James P. Berkeley]]
}}
{{S-end}}
 
==References==
Line 128 ⟶ 154:
:{{Marine Corps}}
 
{{Portal bar|Biography}}
 
{{Portal bar|Biography|United States Marine Corps|World War II}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Juhan, Jack P.}}
[[Category:1904 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Johnston County, Oklahoma]]▼
[[Category:University of Denver alumni]]▼
[[Category:United States Naval Academy alumni]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps generals]]
[[Category:United States MarineNaval CorpsAcademy officersalumni]]
[[Category:PeopleAmerican military personnel of the Banana Wars]]
[[Category:AmericanUnited militaryStates Marine Corps personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:AmericanUnited militaryStates Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit]]
▲[[Category:People from Johnston County, Oklahoma]]
▲[[Category:University of Denver alumni]]
[[Category:Burials at Santa Fe National Cemetery]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_P._Juhan"