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== Economics ==
In an [[economics|economic]] [[model (economics)|model]], an [[Exogenous change|'''exogenous''' change]] is one that comes [[exogenous and endogenous variables|from outside the model]] and is unexplained by the model. Such changes of an economic model from outside factors can include the influence of technology, in which this had previously been noted as an exogenous factor, but has rather been noted as a factor that can depict economic forces as a whole.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lamberton|first=D. McL.|date=June 1984|title=Exogenous Factors in Economic Theory|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08109028408628957|journal=Critical Studies in Innovation|volume=2
=== Exogenous
In [[econometrics]], an [[endogeneity (econometrics)|endogenous]] [[random variable]] is [[correlation|correlated]] with the [[Errors and residuals|error term]] in the econometric model, while an exogenous variable is not.<ref>{{cite book |first=Jeffrey M. |last=Wooldridge |author-link=Jeffrey Wooldridge |title=Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach |location=Mason |publisher=South-Western |edition=Fourth |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-324-66054-8 |page=49 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=64vt5TDBNLwC&pg=PA49 }}</ref> However, exogenous variables aid in the explanation of endogenous variable variances. In the preset group, it is typical to include historical values of endogenous variables. Exogenous variables are independent of the model's [[disturbance term]], since they are preset. They meet the same conditions as [[explanatory variables]] do in a traditional [[regression model]].
== Biology and
=== Biology ===
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[[DNA]] introduced to cells via [[transfection]] or [[viral transduction]] is an exogenous factor. Exogenous factors in DNA, particularly [[DNA damage]], are more known as environmental factors that cause progression in the impairment of DNA.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Friedberg |first1=Errol C. |last2=McDaniel |first2=Lisa D. |last3=Schultz |first3=Roger A. |date=February 2004 |title=The role of endogenous and exogenous DNA damage and mutagenesis |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2003.11.001 |journal=[[Current Opinion (Elsevier)|Current Opinion in Genetics & Development]] |volume=14, 1 |issue=1 |pages=5–10 |doi=10.1016/j.gde.2003.11.001 |pmid=15108798 |via=[[Elsevier]] [[Science Direct]]}}</ref> Such exogenous factors would be different chemical agents, [[ionizing radiation]] (IR), and [[ultraviolet radiation]] (UV). These factors penetrate the deeper layers of the cell, causing great damage, with either [[apoptosis]] or senescence occurring, further leading to [[Arrested development|arrested]] or altered development and aging of the organism causing [[Neurological disorder|neurological disorders]] and [[cancer]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hakem |first=Razqallah |date=January 16, 2008 |title=DNA-damage repair; the good, the bad, and the ugly |journal=[[The EMBO Journal]] |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=589–605 |doi=10.1038/emboj.2008.15 |pmc=2262034 |pmid=18285820}}</ref>
=== Medicine and
In [[medicine]], exogenous factors are seen in both [[pathogens]] and [[therapeutics]]. Exogenous factors can be included in the type of [[obesity]] where there is an imbalance of food and [[metabolism]], in which one consumes a much greater amount than the human body can handle.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bauer |first=Julius |date=1941 |title=Obesity: Its Pathogenesis, Etiology and Treatment |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/547135 |journal=[[Archives of Internal Medicine]] |volume=67 |issue=5 |pages=968–994 |doi=10.1001/archinte.1941.00200050076006 |via=JAMA Internal Medicine}}</ref> On the opposite end, endogenous obesity refers to obesity caused by disorders or issues outside an imbalance of food
In relation to cancer, [[carcinogens]] are exogenous factors, in which these are made up of various factors (chemical, biological, physical), causing cancer after having entering through several routes of the body.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Irigaray |first1=Philippe |last2=Belpomme |first2=Dominique |date=February 2010 |title=Basic properties and molecular mechanisms of exogenous chemical carcinogens |url=https://academic.oup.com/carcin/article/31/2/135/2477012 |journal=[[Carcinogenesis (journal)|Carcinogenesis]] |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=135–148 |doi=10.1093/carcin/bgp252 |pmid=19858070 |via=[[Oxford Academic]]|doi-access=free }}</ref>
== Social
=== Philosophy ===
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=== Psychology ===
Exogenous [[Constructivism (psychological school)|constructivism]] prioritizes the reconstruction of structures that have already been created in the environment, which is based from a mechanical metaphor, and greatly reflects off of [[Bobo doll experiment|Bandura]]'s [[social learning theory]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Amineh|first1=Roya Jafari|last2=Asl|first2=Hannah Davatgari|date=April 2015|title=Review of Constructivism and Social Constructivism|url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/51548785/construtivisim_and_social_C-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1638729868&Signature=XSDAHrKWYZYm0vmqQjOhViJ4Csq7XyYbRVzpM6HzLmODJ2AnCC7Xz7l0FJEcf3vTSo2Az6PpTrQRzoQFp6UZZZI-ovpyh7hSlQZ0w37al30qGDQ1vI5t4NPZsCsM2ss1unBhXVrfbTy9ealZkSmaTm4OPkGVa7~ZxWHEfCSulqyqBlTSWXQs4XFjstfUriU00MAKIP2MhcoShqbAHcqIHN~11tRI106RxrxBP4c1q5DtjJhnQbsTpAlEoE1MbBoTLzE2eD90eAjVUo0U2hNdYEdtTtXsXhwPVJ2W0z2kIGzF7lDPkWMapl-Fl0mI1QzJkyUTbtlLURWrGbP25dK3EA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA|journal=Journal of Social Sciences, Literature and Languages|volume=1|issue=1|pages=9–16|access-date=2021-12-05|archive-date=2021-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205175909/https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/51548785/construtivisim_and_social_C-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1638729868&Signature=XSDAHrKWYZYm0vmqQjOhViJ4Csq7XyYbRVzpM6HzLmODJ2AnCC7Xz7l0FJEcf3vTSo2Az6PpTrQRzoQFp6UZZZI-ovpyh7hSlQZ0w37al30qGDQ1vI5t4NPZsCsM2ss1unBhXVrfbTy9ealZkSmaTm4OPkGVa7~ZxWHEfCSulqyqBlTSWXQs4XFjstfUriU00MAKIP2MhcoShqbAHcqIHN~11tRI106RxrxBP4c1q5DtjJhnQbsTpAlEoE1MbBoTLzE2eD90eAjVUo0U2hNdYEdtTtXsXhwPVJ2W0z2kIGzF7lDPkWMapl-Fl0mI1QzJkyUTbtlLURWrGbP25dK3EA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA|url-status=dead}}</ref> Overall, exogenous constructivism is noted to assume that knowledge comes from an individual's environment, which is assumed to be learned. Because an active individual is expected to be participating in the abstraction of knowledge from its environment, practical guidance of this result of participation remains the most crucial feature of directing the learning process. The structure of the individual's operating environment has a substantial impact on the structure of the knowledge generated.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moshman |first=David |date=December 1982 |title=Exogenous, endogenous, and dialectical constructivism |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90019-3 |journal=[[Developmental Review]] |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=371–384 |doi=10.1016/0273-2297(82)90019-3 |via=Elsevier Science Direct}}</ref> Through the perspective of [[Piaget's theory of cognitive development|Piaget]], learning was known as the individual's former structures accommodated to those imposed by its current environment. The individual's accommodation is directed by the environment, which provides the structures to which the individual must adapt.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ginsburg|first=Herbert P.|title=Piaget's Theory of Intellectual Development|year=1988|isbn=978-0136751588|pages=14–16|language=English}}</ref>
In attentional [[psychology]], exogenous stimuli are [[External stimulus|external stimuli]] without [[conscious]] intention.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Posner |first=M. I. |year=1980 |title=Orienting of Attention |journal=[[Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology]] |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=3–25 |doi=10.1080/00335558008248231 |pmid=7367577 |s2cid=2842391}}</ref> An example of this is attention drawn to a flashing light in the [[wikt:periphery|periphery]] of [[Visual perception|vision]].
== Exogeny in
=== Geography ===
In [[geography]], exogenous processes all take place outside the [[Earth]] and all the other [[planets]]. [[Weathering]], [[erosion]], transportation and [[sedimentation]] are the main exogenous processes. Asides from climate, exogenous geographic factors are able to contribute to the overall process of distribution, including densities of populations and [[Urbanization|urbanizations]] of certain areas in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ballinger|first=Clint|date=May 2008|title=Initial Conditions as Exogenous Factors in Spatial Explanation|url=https://philarchive.org/archive/BALICA-2v1
=== Ludology ===
In [[ludology]], the study of games, an exogenous item is anything outside the game itself. Therefore, an item in a [[massively multiplayer online game]] would have exogenous value if people were buying it with real world money rather than [[in-game currency]] (though its in-game cost would be [[endogenous]]). Noted as exogenous fantasy, one may also refer to this term as extrinsic stimuli or "fantasy"; these describe a [[Fantasy game|"fantasy" (game)]] that solely relies on the skill being mastered, rather than the other way around.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Choi |first1=Beomkyu |last2=Baek |first2=Youngkyun |date=January 1, 2013 |title=Rethinking Fantasy as a Contributor to Intrinsic Motivation in Digital Gameplay |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/61743572.pdf |journal=Psychology of Gaming |pages=83–92 |via=[[American Psychological Association|APA]]
=== Materials science ===
In [[materials science]], an exogenous property of a substance is derived from outside or external influences, such as a nano-doped material.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What does exogenous mean in science?|url=https://moviecultists.com/what-does-exogenous-mean-in-science
==References==
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