Content deleted Content added
Dronebogus (talk | contribs) |
|||
| (85 intermediate revisions by 48 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{short description|Distinctive facial appearance associated with a medical condition}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |▼
| name
|
| image = File:Patient with Crouzon syndrome (1912).jpg
DiseasesDB = 18724 |▼
| caption = Facial abnormalities associated with [[Crouzon syndrome]]
ICD10 = |▼
| pronounce
|
|
|
| onset =
eMedicineSubj = |▼
| duration =
eMedicineTopic = |▼
| types
| causes =
| risks =
| diagnosis =
| differential =
| prevention =
| treatment =
| medication =
| prognosis =
| frequency =
| deaths =
}}
In medical contexts, a '''facies''' is a distinctive facial expression or appearance associated with a specific [[medical condition]].<ref name="M-W">{{cite web |title=Definition of FACIES |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/facies |website=www.merriam-webster.com |access-date=4 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The term comes from [[Latin]] for "face".<ref name="urlDorlands Medical Dictionary:facies">{{cite web |url=http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000038177.htm |title=Dorlands Medical Dictionary:facies |accessdate=}}</ref> As a [[Latin declension#Fifth declension .28e.29|fifth declension]] noun,<ref name="urlNOUNS OF THE FOURTH DECLENSION">{{cite web|url=http://webpages.ursinus.edu/classics/latin/nouns_fourthfifthdecl_forms.htm |title=NOUNS OF THE FOURTH DECLENSION |access-date= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720065425/http://webpages.ursinus.edu/classics/Latin/nouns_fourthfifthdecl_forms.htm |archive-date=2008-07-20 |df= }}</ref> ''facies'' can be both singular and plural.
==Types==
Examples include:
* [[Hippocratic facies]] – eyes are sunken, temples collapsed, nose is pinched with crusts on the lips, and the forehead is clammy
* [[Moon face]] (also known as "Cushingoid facies") – [[Cushing's syndrome]]
* [[Elfin facies]] – [[Williams syndrome]], [[Donohue syndrome]]
* [[elfin facies]]▼
* [[Potter sequence|Potter facies]] – [[oligohydramnios]]
* [[
* [[Leonine facies]] – [[lepromatous leprosy]] or [[craniometaphyseal dysplasia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/craniometaphyseal-dysplasia/|title=Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)|publisher=}}</ref>
* [[Mitral facies]] – [[mitral stenosis]]
* [[Amiodarone facies]] (deep blue discoloration around malar area and nose)
* [[Acromegalic facies]] – [[acromegaly]]
* [[Flat facies]] – [[Down syndrome]]
* [[Marfanoid facies]] – [[Marfan's syndrome]]
* [[Snarling facies]] – [[myasthenia gravis]]
* [[Myotonic facies]] – [[myotonic dystrophy]]
* [[Torpid facies]] – [[myxoedema]]
* [[Mouse facies]] – [[chronic kidney failure]]
* [[Plethoric facies]] – [[Cushing's syndrome]] and [[polycythemia vera]]
* [[Bird facies]] – [[Pierre Robin syndrome|Pierre Robin sequence]]
* [[Ashen grey facies]] – [[myocardial infarction]]
* [[Gargoyle facies]] – [[Hurler's syndrome]]
* [[Monkey facies]] – [[marasmus]]
* [[Hatchet facies]] – [[myotonia atrophica]]
* [[Gorilla-like face]] – acromegaly
* [[Bovine facies]] (or cow face) – [[craniofacial dysostosis]] or [[Crouzon syndrome]]
* [[Marshall halls facies]] – [[hydrocephalus]]
* [[Frog face]] – intranasal disease
* [[Coarse facies]] – many inborn errors of metabolism
* [[Adenoid facies]] – developmental facial traits caused by adenoid hypertrophy, nasal airway obstruction and [[mouthbreathing]]; really a form of [[long face syndrome]].
* [[Lion-like facies]] – involvement of craniofacial bones in Paget disease of Bone
* [[Chipmunk facies]] – [[beta thalassemia]]
* [[Treacher Collins syndrome]] – deformities of the ears, eyes, cheekbones, and chin
== Other disorders associated with syndromic facies ==
{{Incomplete list|date=March 2020}}
* [[Pitt–Hopkins syndrome]]
* [[Beta thalassemia]] is associated with distinctive facial features due to ineffective erythropoiesis. The ineffective erythropoiesis causes marrow hyperplasia or expansion and bony changes, including the bones of the face; this causes craniofacial protrusions.<ref name="Taher">{{cite journal |last1=Taher |first1=Ali T. |last2=Musallam |first2=Khaled M. |last3=Cappellini |first3=M. Domenica |title=β-Thalassemias |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=25 February 2021 |volume=384 |issue=8 |pages=727–743 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra2021838}}</ref>
* [[Mowat–Wilson syndrome]]
* [[Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/snijders-blok-campeau-syndrome/ |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=medlineplus.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (Concept Id: C4748701) - MedGen - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/1648495 |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Body habitus]]
==References==
{{
== External links ==
{{Medical resources
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus =
| MeshID =
}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221115525/http://www.imnotebook.com/content/face Face in Clinical Medicine]
[[Category:Medical signs]]
| |||