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{{Short description|19th-century bridge truss design}}
{{BridgeTypePix
|image=BrownTrussDiagram.png
|image_title=Interior structure of a [[covered bridge]] utilizing a Brown Truss structure. Diagram, white members are tension elements and may not be present
|type_name=Brown Truss bridge
|sibling_names=None
|descendent_names=None
|ancestor_names=[[Truss bridge]], Kings Post Bridge
|carries=[[Pedestrian]]s, [[livestock]], [[vehicles]]
|span_range=Medium
|material=[[Wood|wood plank]]s
|movable=No
|design=medium
|falsework=}}
A '''Brown truss''' is a type of [[bridge]] [[truss]], used in [[covered bridges]]. It is noted for its economical use of materials and is named after the inventor, Josiah Brown Jr., of [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], [[New York (state)|New York]], who [[patent]]ed it
==Description==
The Brown truss is a [[box truss]] that is a [[Truss bridge#Truss types used in bridges|through truss]] (as contrasted with a [[Truss bridge#Truss types used in bridges|deck truss]]) and consists of diagonal cross [[compression member]]s connected to horizontal top and bottom stringers.<ref name="AdaMarker">{{cite web|
The floor and roof are also trusses, but are horizontal and serve to give the truss rigidity. The bottoms of the diagonals tend to protrude below the sheathing. The Brown truss is noted for economy of materials as it can be built with very little metal.<ref name="michigan.org">{{cite web|
==Patent==
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Brown's patent claims did not actually address the economy afforded by lack of vertical members ("braces"). Instead he focused on the improved strength over previous trusses that had members ("braces" in his terminology) come to the horizontal chord near to each other but not exactly together (at "gains" in his terminology), by having several members come together in the same place. From the patent text:
<blockquote>
</blockquote> ==History==
The Brown truss enjoyed a brief period of favor in the 1860s, and is known to have been used in
<gallery caption="Detail images from existing bridges"
Image:FallasburgBridge Overall DownstreamApproachDSCN9984.JPG|'''[[Fallasburg Bridge]]''', a '''Brown truss''' [[covered bridge]]
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Image:Ada Michigan Covered Bridge downstream underside DSCN9708.JPG|'''[[Ada Covered Bridge]]''' looking upward. Truss member ends can be seen protruding below sheathing. Very top of truss is visible above sheathing gap below roofline. This gap admitted light, making the bridge interior usable, if somewhat dark.
Image:FallasburgBridge InteriorFloorDetailDSCN9995.JPG|Bottom of diagonal truss members interlock with floor ('''Fallasburg Bridge''')
Image:FallasburgBridge InteriorSnowProtectionDSCN9996.JPG|The truss ends are special, additional material may be present for rigidity or to protect the structure from snow. ('''Fallasburg Bridge''')
Image:ADU-1000-5.JPG|The steerable frames of [[Pluton (complex)|Deep Space Communication Complex]] constructed from battleship gun turrets and railway bridge trusses.
</gallery>
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==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brown Truss}}
[[Category:Truss bridges by type]]
[[Category:American inventions]]
[[Category:Trusses]]
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