Content deleted Content added
→Naval Officers’ School (1946): Added a pragraph |
No edit summary |
||
| (35 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Public university in Gdynia, Poland (est. 1922)}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Polish Naval Academy
Line 4 ⟶ 5:
| native_name = Akademia Marynarki Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte
| native_name_lang = Polish
| image = AMW-dziedziniec.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
Line 32 ⟶ 33:
| provost =
| vice_chancellor=
| rector = [[
| principal =
| dean =
Line 40 ⟶ 41:
| academic_staff =
| administrative_staff =
| students = 2,206<ref>{{cite web |title = Higher education in the 2023/24 academic year | language = pl |access-date = 2024-07-01 |publisher = Statistics Poland |url = https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/edukacja/edukacja/szkolnictwo-wyzsze-w-roku-akademickim-20232024,8,10.html}}</ref> <small>(12.2023)</small>
| undergrad =
| postgrad =
Line 61 ⟶ 62:
| sporting_affiliations =
| website = {{URL|http://www.amw.gdynia.pl/}}
| logo =
| footnotes =
}}
The '''Polish Naval Academy''' (PNA)
== History ==
=== Temporary
After the foundation of Polish Naval Forces on November 28
There was no need for this type of training structure until the [[Polish–Soviet War|Polish-Soviet war]] of 1920, since all of the naval forces were being outsourced from the occupying
=== Naval
Under the jurisdiction of [[rear admiral]] [[Kazimierz Porębski]] on November 6
'''Captains of Naval Officer's School'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amw.gdynia.pl/title,Poczet_Komendantow,pid,2480.html|title=Statute of Commanders|publisher=amw.gdynia.pl|access-date=31 May 2018}}</ref>
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]]
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]]
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]]
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]]
=== Naval
Novelization of training structure within Polish army caused a change in the name of Naval
At the start of the [[World War II|Second World War]] in 1939 cadets and officers from Naval
[[File:AMW-dziedziniec2.jpeg|thumb|265x265px|Main entrance of the Academy]]
[[File:AMW-Amor patriae suprema lex.jpeg|thumb|311x311px|Building marked "AMOR PATRIAE SUPREMA LEX" at Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia]]
'''Supervisors of Naval Cadets' School in years 1928-1939'''
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Stefan Frankowski (October 19, 1928 – May 13, 1929)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Jerzy Kłossowski (May 13, 1929 – May 23, 1929)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Poruchik|First LCDR]] Karol Korytowski (May 23, 1929 – April 4, 1933)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Poruchik|First LCDR]] Tadeusz Morgenstern-Podjazd (April 4, 1933 – October 10, 1937)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Poruchik|First LCDR]] Tadeusz Stoklasa (October 10, 1937 – August 18, 1939)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Tadeusz Morgenstern-Podjazd (August 18, 1939 – September 19, 1939).
=== Naval Cadets' School (1939) ===
[[File:Załoga iskra.jpg|thumb|Cadets on board of ORP "Iskra", 1938|236x236px]]
Under the jurisdiction of the Chief of the [[Polish Navy]] [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Jerzy Świrski Naval Cadets' School was revived, this time in [[Great Britain]]. The main reason why the revival was possible was the completion of the courses reached by remaining [[cadet]]s and their successful transition from [[Poland]] to [[Great Britain]]. Later on new cadets were being also recruited among N.C.O.s and [[Seaman (rank)|seamen]]. The training program did not change much, except now the practical part of the courses was held mostly on battleships of the [[Royal Navy]]. On September 17 of 1943 the Chief of the [[Polish Navy]] [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Jerzy Świrski created a new Reserve Naval Cadets' School (pol. Szkoła Podchorążych Rezerwy Marynarki Wojennej (''abbr.'' SRRMW)), which shared its management with the Naval Cadets' School. The goal of that was to create a new cadre for [[Polish Navy]] that would be formed after the [[World War II|Second World War]].
The exact location of Naval Cadets' School was on board of a Polish battleship ORP "Gdynia" and in a British harbor of [[Plymouth]] but in 1943 together with the new Reserve Naval Cadets' School it was moved to [[Bickleigh, South Hams|Bickleigh]] and [[Okehampton]]. On November 25 of 1946 both of the schools got cancelled under the jurisdiction of the Chief of the [[Polish Navy]] [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Jerzy Świrski. From 1939 to 1946 from Naval Cadets' School graduated: 53 naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Maritime faculty, 40 reserve naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Maritime faculty, 16 naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Technical faculty, 2 reserve naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Technical faculty, 5 naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Naval Officers' faculty and 9 reserve naval [[second lieutenant]]s from the Naval Officers' faculty. The number of officers who graduated was 49.
'''Captains of Naval Cadets' School who had served in Great Britain'''
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Lieutenant|First LCDR]] Ludwik Ziębicki (November 25, 1939 – January 18, 1940)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Witold Zajączkowski (January 18, 1940 – October 18, 1940)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Lieutenant|First LCDR]] Włodzimierz Kodrębski (October 18, 1940 – October 5, 1941)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Second lieutenant|Second LCDR]] Mirosław Kownacki (October 5, 1941 – March 20, 1942)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Second lieutenant|Second LCDR]] Zbigniew Wojewódzki (March 20, 1942 – October 18, 1943)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Lieutenant|First LCDR]] Wojciech Francki (October 18, 1943 – August 28, 1945)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Tadeusz Morgenstern-Podjazd (October 18, 1945 – November 25, 1946).
=== Naval Officers' School (1946) ===
On January 18, 1946, [[Polish People's Army|Polish People's Army's]] [[commander-in-chief]] [[marshal]] [[Michał Rola-Żymierski]] ordered a foundation of a military maritime training institution. [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Adam Mohuczy]] followed the order and was instructed to officially reform the Naval Officers' School (pol. Oficerska Szkoła Marynarki Wojennej (abbr. OSMW)) in [[Gdynia]], [[Poland]]. It was planned to be a temporary solution before the proper training institution for the maritime officers would be formed. After the establishment of the Naval College the Naval Officers' School closed the applications for its new cadets and later on got closed.
First year of cadets completed the faculty in a 3-year system while in following years a 4-year [[Bachelor's degree|bachelor]] system was implemented. Candidates who applied were required to have completed 4 years of high school with an order of honoring seamen, naval N.C.Os and land units' officers first. The Deck Faculty consisted of following cycles: general, [[Politics|political]], vessel maneuver, sea strategies, sea knowledge, [[Communication protocol|communication]] and [[radiolocation]], sea practice. The Technical Faculty shared the general, political and sea practice subjects with addition of generally technical, [[Electrical engineering|electrical]], [[Electrotechnics|electrotechnical]] and engine ones. At the end there were held exams and students were required to pass a thesis which was giving them specializations: Deck on the Deck Faculty and Steam, Internal Combustion or Electrical on the Technical Faculty. First practical classes were held on board of civil frigate "[[Dar Pomorza]]", later battleship [[ORP Iskra|ORP "Iskra"]] in 1948 and [[ORP Zetempowiec|ORP "Zetempowiec"]] in 1951 were added. 500 officers graduated from the Officers' School with an officer's commission.
'''Supervisors of Naval Officers' School (1946-1958)'''
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Second lieutenant|Second LCDR]] [[Stanisław Mieszkowski]] (October 3, 1946 – March 5 marca 1947)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[First lieutenant|First LCDR]] Adam Rychel (March 5, 1947 – April 4, 1948)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Robert Satanowski (April 4, 1948 – October 7, 1949)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Witold Rukiewicz (October 7, 1949 – November 5, 1951)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[First lieutenant|First LCDR]] Tadeusz Makarewicz (November 5, 1951 – December 24, 1952)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Mikołaj Rożkow (December 24, 1952 – September 13, 1954)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Stanisław Leszczyński (September 13, 1954 – October 18, 1958).
Capt. Stanisław Mieszkowski and Capt. Adam Rychel were kept captive and tortured under the communist regime. Later Capt. [[Stanisław Mieszkowski]] was sentenced to death in 1952. His body was secretly buried in [[Powązki Military Cemetery|Powiązki Military Cemetery]]. In 2016 he was nominated by Polish President [[Andrzej Duda]] to the rank of [[rear admiral]] as a Cursed Soldier.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WMP20160000259|title=M.P. 2016 poz. 259|publisher=sejm.gov.pl|access-date=31 May 2018}}</ref>
=== Polish Naval College (1955) ===
[[File:Wyższa Szkoła Marynarki Wojennej old.svg|thumb|Former logo of Naval College]]
On June 11 of a year 1955 the Naval Officers' School became the Polish Naval College (pol. Wyższa Szkoła Marynarki Wojennej, abbr. WSMW) which was an institution of higher education functioning like an [[academy]]. In 1956 the school's name was amended with the addition of the honorific "[[Battle of Westerplatte|Heroes of Westerplatte]]". Initially the Naval College consisted of 4 faculties: [[navigation]] and sea communication, sea weaponry, technical and private. In 1956 the private faculty was closed and in 1957 other faculties got reorganized into Maritime Department and Technical Department.
The study programme for navigation and mechanical subjects was subtracted from similar courses held on other civilian universities, enriched with additional subjects on sea weaponry and army-oriented matter. Those who graduated were getting the title of [[Engineer's degree|engineers]]. Since 1955 students were also able to attend special officer and leadership courses to become a certificated officer. In 1959 first [[master's degree]] courses for Technical Department were open. In 1968 a Naval School of Ensigns (pol. Szkoła Chorążych Marynarki Wojennej) was founded and later the Naval College was providing [[Doctorate|doctor's degree]] programme for navigation and ship mechanics. Naval College had graduated approximately 2000 officers and 800 ensigns.
'''Commanders of Naval College'''
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Stanisław Leszczyński (June 11, 1955 – October 18, 1958).
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Second lieutenant|Second LCDR]] Tadeusz Makarewicz (October 18, 1958 – February 3, 1959)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] Kazimierz Podrucki (February 3, 1959 – January 21, 1966)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Master of Science|MS]] Gereon Grzenia-Romanowski (January 21, 1966 – March 14, 1969)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Master of Science|MS]] Henryk Pietraszkiewicz (March 14, 1969 – December 1, 1969)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Doctorate|doc.]] ENGR Edward Łączny (December 1, 1969 – February 27, 1971)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Doctorate|doc.]] Witold Gliński (February 27, 1971 – October 18, 1983)
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Doctorate|doc.]] Jerzy Apanowicz (October 18, 1983 – July 17, 1987)
=== Polish Naval Academy (1987) ===
On July 17 of the year 1987 the government of [[Polish People's Republic]] decided to reevaluate the Naval College to become first Polish Naval Academy (pol. Akademia Marynarki Wojennej, abbr. AMW). This way the name of the institution has gotten relevant with its internal structure. At the end of the 90's its military department was introduced with master's degree courses and new civil faculties. They consisted of [[Mechanical engineering|mechanical]] faculty, [[international relations]] faculty and [[Pedagogy|pedagogical]] faculty. In the year of 2000 the Leadership Institute was developed into lately the Department of Naval Strategy Management and then into the Department of Naval Operational Art and Naval Military Tactics which was enabled to honor its graduates with titles on military science. In 2002 the Naval School of Ensigns got closed. Next step was forming the Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences which in 2006 was transformed into a separate department. Until the year of 2006 the number of academy graduates reached approximately 600 officers and 300 ensigns.
From the year of 2015 the academy has been proceeding on internationalizing and has welcomed students and tutors from such countries as [[Qatar]] and [[Kuwait]] and from 2016 [[Saudi Arabia]].
During the cadence of [[Defence minister|Defense Minister]] [[Antoni Macierewicz]] the position of [[Visiting professor|sessional instructor]] was made vacant from [[Admiral]] Ryszard Łukasik, [[Vice Admiral]] Henryk Sołkiewicz and [[Rear Admiral]] Zbigniew Badeński.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.onet.pl/?srcc=ucs&pid=d71f161f-1bd9-4245-96d6-5a984f937d2b&sid=b177a2c9-166f-4113-9b28-185bbe554807|title=Exiled sessonal instructors|publisher=onet.pl|access-date=31 May 2018}}</ref>
'''Commanders of Polish Naval Academy'''
* [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Doctorate|doc.]] Jerzy Apanowicz (July 17, 1987 – November 10, 1988)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] Kazimierz Bossy (November 10, 1988 – February 5, 1993)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] Henryk Matuszczyk (February 5, 1993 – October 3, 1994)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Professor|prof.]] Antoni Komorowski (October 3, 1994 – 2003)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Professor|prof.]] Zygmunt Kitowski (November 17, 2003 – April 26, 2007)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Doctorate|doc.]] Czesław Dyrcz (April 26, 2007 – January 23, 2015)
* [[Rear admiral|RDML]] [[Professor|prof.]] Tomasz Szubrycht (from January 23, 2015)
== Structure and scientific activity==
[[File:Społeczność WDiOM podczas wręczania dyplomów absolwentom we wrześniu 2013 r..jpg|thumb|250px|Faculty of Command and Naval Operations]]
The PNA is a naval university of a settled position in the Polish higher educational system. The mission of the PNA is to create conditions necessary to provide security for the Poland at sea through disseminating knowledge, conducting research work, educating and developing [[Officer Cadet|officer-cadets]] and civilian students, as well as perfecting professional military, and civilian workers, in the administration and maritime industry. The Academy co-operates with technical and military Polish and European universities, [[Business|enterprises]] and [[international organizations]]. University authorities:
[[File:Okręt podwodny „Jastrząb-Kobben”.jpg|thumb|[[Kobben-class submarine]] „Jastrząb” in front of the PNA|254x254px]]
* Rector-Commandant - [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Professor|prof.]] Tomasz Szubrycht,
*
*
* Vice- Rector for
* Chancellor - Bogusław Bąk D.Sc. Eng.
Line 132 ⟶ 180:
* the Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
* the Faculty of Command and Naval Operations, and
* the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.<ref name="Studies in Poland">{{cite web|title=Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia|url=http://www.studies-in-poland.pl/s/2333/57926-Studies-in-Poland/479-Polish-Naval-Academy-in-Gdynia.htm#l_z|publisher=Studies in Poland|
The major part of the activity of the Polish Naval Academy is conducting the research in the following areas:
Line 149 ⟶ 197:
* exploitation of ship, weapons and shipboard systems;
* operational and tactical employment of maritime rescue forces.<ref name="amw.gdynia.pl"/>
== Civilian studies ==
The university offers both [[undergraduate]] and 28 [[post-graduate]] courses in the Polish and English language. The PNA offers courses which focus on practical skills and competence. The PNA students acquire both, practical and social skills with the aid of a broad range of [[simulators]], training simulators, multimedia rooms, and dedicated training courses developed in collaboration with a career adviser and the Academic Career Office. Some of their offered courses are:
* [[Homeland Security]],
* [[International Relations]],
Line 169 ⟶ 215:
* Technical sciences ([[geodesy]] and [[cartography]]),
* Technical sciences ([[construction]] and exploitation of machinery),
* [[Social sciences]] in the area of security science ([[military science]]).<ref name="Studies in Poland" />
== Military studies and the recruitment process==
Line 178 ⟶ 224:
* [[Mechatronics]],
* [[information system|Information Systems]] in Security.
Attending professional defense
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* Dariusz R. Bugajski, ''The Polish Naval Academy. In the Centenary of Regaining Access to the Baltic Sea'', Gdynia 2019, pp. 184.
{{ISBN|978-83-953887-2-9}} (POLISH NAVAL ACADEMY); {{ISBN|978-83-7591-714-7}} (REGION)
{{refend}}
== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.amw.gdynia.pl/}}
{{NATO Military Academies}}
{{Naval academies}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Polish Navy]]
Line 193 ⟶ 250:
[[Category:Naval academies]]
[[Category:1922 establishments in Poland]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1922]]
| |||