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{{Short description|Former train operating company}}
{{About|the
{{Use dmy dates|date=
{{Use British English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox rail company
|name=First TransPennine Express
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|parent_company=[[FirstGroup]] (55%)<br>[[Keolis]] (45%)
|website=
|successor=[[TransPennine Express (2016–2023)|TransPennine Express]]|predecessors={{ubl|[[Arriva Trains Northern]]|[[First North Western]]|[[Virgin CrossCountry]]}}|logo_size=300px}}
'''First TransPennine Express'''<ref>{{cite web |url = http://data.companieshouse.gov.uk/doc/company/04113923 |title = First/Keolis TransPennine Limited: Company no. 4113923 |publisher = [[Companies House]] |access-date = 23 December 2023}}</ref> was a British [[train operating company]] jointly owned by [[FirstGroup]] and [[Keolis]] which operated the TransPennine Express franchise. First TransPennine Express ran regular Express regional railway services between the major cities of [[Northern England]] as well as [[Scotland]].
The franchise operated all its services to and through [[Manchester]] covering three main routes. The service provided rail links for major towns and cities such as [[Edinburgh]], [[Glasgow]], [[Liverpool]], [[Sheffield]], [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], [[Leeds]], [[York]], [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]], [[Middlesbrough]] and [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]]. Previously, all services called or terminated at [[Manchester Piccadilly railway station|Manchester Piccadilly]],<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.firstgroup.com/uktrain/contact_us/?id=104 |title = First TransPennine Express route map |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184532/http://www.firstgroup.com/uktrain/contact_us/?id=104 |archive-date = 13 October 2012 |publisher = FirstGroup}}</ref> but, as of May 2014, a new service running between [[Newcastle railway station|Newcastle]] and [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station|Liverpool Lime Street]], calling at [[Manchester Victoria railway station|Manchester Victoria]] was announced, and launched as part of the [[Northern Hub]] plan.<ref>{{
When the franchise was re-tendered, FirstGroup and Keolis tendered separately. The franchise was awarded solely to FirstGroup, which traded as [[TransPennine Express (2016–2023)|TransPennine Express]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://data.companieshouse.gov.uk/doc/company/09111801 |publisher = Companies House |title = First TransPennine Express Limited: Company no. 9111801 |access-date = 23 December 2023}}</ref>
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==History==
[[File:First TransPennine Express logo.png|thumb|Previous logo]]
[[File:TPE passenger journeys.png|thumb|Passenger journeys on First TransPennine Express in millions from 2011 to 2016 (financial year, rolling annual average)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/report/html/181644e9-c016-4825-ab43-5afc0ac87f74 |title = Display Report | Office of Rail Regulation
The TransPennine Express brand was launched in the early 1990s by [[British Rail]],<ref>{{cite web |url = http://collectionsonline.nmsi.ac.uk/detail.php?t=objects&type=all&f=&s=Paper+drinks+coaster%2C+TransPennine+Express&record=0 |title = |publisher = collectionsonline.nmsi.ac.uk}}{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and maintained by the privatised operator [[Arriva Trains Northern|Northern Spirit]] and its successor, [[Arriva Trains Northern]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Northern Spirit is brand new name for Regional Railways North East |magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue = 332 |date = 3 June 1998 |page = 7}}</ref>
In 2000, the [[Strategic Rail Authority]] announced that it planned to reorganise the North West Regional Railways and Regional Railways North East franchises operated by [[First North Western]] and [[Arriva Trains Northern]]. A TransPennine Express franchise would be created for the long-distance regional services while the remaining services were to be operated by a new Northern franchise.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.yhtar.org.uk/tpebriefnote.pdf |title = Briefing Note: The Trans-Pennine Express rail franchise |publisher = Yorkshire & The Humber Transport Activist's Roundtable |date = October 2001 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20041020125001/http://www.yhtar.org.uk/tpebriefnote.pdf |archive-date = 20 October 2004 }}</ref> In July 2003, the TransPennine Express franchise was awarded to a [[joint venture]] between [[FirstGroup]] and [[Keolis]], and the services formerly operated by Arriva Trains Northern and First North Western were transferred to First TransPennine Express on 1 February 2004.<ref>{{cite press release |archive-url= http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090826025317/http:/www.dft.gov.uk/press/releases/sra/2003a1/2003b/nnouncepreferredbidderfo1524.pdf |date=28 July 2003 |publisher= Strategic Rail Authority |archive-date=26 August 2009 |title=SRA Announce Preferred Bidder For TransPennine Express Franchise |url= http://www.dft.gov.uk/press/releases/sra/2003a1/2003b/nnouncepreferredbidderfo1524.pdf}}</ref>
The franchise was originally scheduled to end on 31 January 2012; however, in August 2011, the [[Department for Transport]] awarded First TransPennine Express a contract extension until March 2015.<ref>{{cite press release |url= https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/new-franchising-programme |publisher= Department for Transport |date=5 August 2011 |title=New franchising programme}}</ref> Included was a clause to allow the end date to be brought forward to April 2014 to coincide with the end-date of the [[Northern Rail]] franchise. In March 2013, the [[Secretary of State for Transport]] announced the franchise would again be extended until 1 April 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/franchise-announcement |title = Railway plan puts new focus on passengers |publisher = Secretary of State for Transport statement |
In June 2014, the DfT confirmed that there would be two separate franchises in the north of England, one focused on delivering intercity rail services and the second to provide local rail services. At the time, proposals were made to transfer services including [[York]] to [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] and [[Doncaster]] to [[Cleethorpes]] services to the Northern franchise and transfer the [[Nottingham]] to [[Liverpool]] portion of the [[Norwich]] to [[Liverpool]] service operated by [[East Midlands Trains]] to the TransPennine franchise.<ref>{{cite press release |url = https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/future-of-northern-and-transpennine-express-rail-franchises |publisher = Department for Transport |date = 9 June 2014 |title = Future of Northern and TransPennine Express rail franchises}}</ref>
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First TransPennine Express inherited a fleet of two- and three-car [[British Rail Class 158|Class 158 ''Express Sprinter'']] trains from [[Arriva Trains Northern]]. It also operated [[British Rail Class 175|Class 175 ''Coradias'']] on hire from [[Arriva Trains Wales]].
One of the most prominent commitments of the franchise was the replacement of the entire fleet. Various requirements of this new fleet of diesel multiple units were stipulated, such as the ability to operating at speeds up to {{
During 2006, First TransPennine Express acquired two static simulators from Corys TESS to better facilitate driver training ahead of the introduction of new rolling stock.<ref>{{cite magazine |url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/simulating-the-world39s-railways.html |title = Simulating the world's railways |date = 1 April 2005 |magazine = [[Railway Gazette International]] |location = London |publisher = Reed Business Information |access-date = 12 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131116031143/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/simulating-the-world39s-railways.html |archive-date = 16 November 2013 |url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/simulation-possibilities-expand.html |title = Simulation possibilities expand |date = 1 May 2006 |magazine = [[Railway Gazette International]] |publisher = Reed Business Information |location = London |access-date = 12 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131116032728/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/simulation-possibilities-expand.html |archive-date = 16 November 2013 |url-status = dead}}</ref>
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[[File:First TransPennine Class 350, 350409, Patricroft railway station (geograph 4004447).jpg|thumb|[[British Rail Class 350|Class 350]] at {{rws|Patricroft}}]]
The Class 185 trains proved popular with off-peak travellers, although these satisfaction levels decreased for passengers undertaking long-distance journeys and at peak times.<ref>
{{
[[File:185103 at Castleton East Junction.jpg|thumb|[[British Rail Class 185|Class 185]] at Castleton East Junction]]
At one point, it was planned to all services to be operated by the new Class 185 ''Desiros''; however, weight restrictions on the Micklefield to Hull line restricted the Class 185s to {{convert|65|-|75|mph|abbr=on}}. To resolve this issue as well as to create extra capacity, First TransPennine Express leased eight [[British Rail Class 170|Class 170 ''Turbostars'']] from late 2006 that were surplus to [[South West Trains]]' requirements, and in November 2007 a ninth was transferred from [[Central Trains]]. The Class 185 fleet operated across the network while
During May 2014, the Class 350/4s [[electric multiple unit]]s commenced operation on services between Manchester and Scotland.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/west%20coast%20main%20line/westcoastmainlinerus.pdf |title = West Coast Main Line route utilisation strategy |publisher = Network Rail |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121001190637/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/west%20coast%20main%20line/westcoastmainlinerus.pdf |archive-date = 1 October 2012 }}</ref> This arrangement enabled the diesel trains previously used on the Manchester to Scotland services to be transferred to other TransPennine Express services.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/pi/rail-electrification.pdf |archive-url = http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20170123080842/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/pi/rail-electrification.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-date = 23 January 2017 |title = Britain's Transport Infrastructure: Rail Electrification |publisher = Department for Transport |date = July 2009 }}</ref> The Manchester Airport to Blackpool route was also electrified, allowing further diesel trains to be cascaded on to other TransPennine Express services. However, this work was not completed until after the end of the former TransPennine Express franchise.{{
In February 2012, the [[Department for Transport]] announced that 10 four-car electric [[British Rail Class 350|Class 350 ''Desiros'']] had been ordered to operate services from Manchester to Scotland via Wigan after electrification.<ref>{{cite press release |url = https://www.gov.uk/government/news/extra-trains-and-faster-journey-times-will-boost-capacity |publisher = Department for Transport |date = 29 February 2012 |title = Extra trains and faster journey times will boost capacity}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url = http://www.tpexpress.co.uk/about-ftpe/news-centre/2012/02/rail-passengers-in-the-north-of-england-and-scotland-to-benefit-from-new-trains/ |publisher = First TransPennine Express |date = 29 February 2012 |title = Rail passengers in the north of England and Scotland to benefit from new trains}}</ref> It was confirmed that all the existing rolling stock would remain with the franchise to boost capacity.
However, in March 2014, it was announced that the nine [[British Rail Class 170|Class 170 ''Turbostars'']] would move to [[Chiltern Railways]].<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/campaigners-fury-nine-transpennine-express-6768197 |title = Campaigners' fury as nine TransPennine Express trains sent south in 'crazy and scandalous' move |newspaper = Manchester Evening News |date = 3 March 2014 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140312230704/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/campaigners-fury-nine-transpennine-express-6768197 |archive-date = 12 March 2014
In January 2015, it was confirmed Chiltern would take five of the Class 170s from May 2015 and the other four from February 2016. First TransPennine hired [[British Rail Class 156|Class 156 ''Super Sprinters'']] (which were originally intended to be used for extra capacity on Northern Rail services) from Northern Rail to work in pairs on the Manchester Airport-Blackpool North route,<ref>{{cite web |title = Train Announcement |url = http://www.tpexpress.co.uk/about-us/news/2015/01/announcement/ |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150109161817/http://www.tpexpress.co.uk/about-us/news/2015/01/announcement/ |archive-date = 9 January 2015 |access-date = 9 January 2015 |website = First TransPennine Express}}</ref> ahead of that route's transfer (along with the services to Barrow-in-Furness and Windermere) to the new Northern franchise in April 2016.
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==Depots==
==Managed stations==
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{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before='''[[Arriva Trains Northern]]'''<br />Regional Railways North East franchise}}
{{s-ttl|rows=2|title=Operator of TransPennine Express franchise
|years=2004–2016}}
{{s-aft|after='''[[TransPennine Express (2016–2023)]]'''<br />(operated solely by [[FirstGroup]])|rows=2}}
|-
{{s-bef|before='''[[First North Western]]'''<br />North West Regional Railways franchise}}
{{end}}
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{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Defunct train operating companies in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:FirstGroup railway companies]]
[[Category:Keolis]]
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