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Line 1: {{Short description\|Time zone in Europe: UTC±00:00}} {{Time zones of Europe}} '''Western European Time''' ('''WET''', [[UTC±00:00]]) is a [[time zone]] covering parts of western [[Europe]] and consists of countries using [[UTC±00:00]] (also known as [[Greenwich Mean Time]], abbreviated GMT).<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2017/611006/EPRS_STU(2017)611006_EN.pdf\|title=EU summer-time arrangements under Directive 2000/84/EC~~\|last=\|first=~~\|date=2017~~\|website=~~\|publisher=[[European Parliament]]~~\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=~~}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/docs_autres_institutions/parlements_nationaux/com/2018/0639/UK_HOUSE-OF-LORDS_AVIS-COM(2018)0639_EN.pdf\|title=Reasoned opinion on subsidiarity\|date=2019\|publisher=Committee on Legal Affairs –[[European Parliament]]~~\|url-status=live~~}}</ref> It is one of the three standard time zones in the [[European Union]] along with [[Central European Time]] and [[Eastern European Time]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/summertime_en\|title=Seasonal clock change in the EU~~\|first=~~\|date=2016-09-22\|website=[[European Commission]]\|language=en~~\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=~~\|access-date=2019-11-18}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The following Western European countries and regions use UTC±00:00 in winter months: [[Portugal]], since 1912 with pauses (except [[Azores]], [[UTC−01:00]])<ref name="Time Zones of Portugal">{{cite web\|url=http://www.statoids.com/tpt.html\|title=Time Zones of Portugal\|publisher=Statoids\|~~accessdate~~access-date=18 October 2011}}</ref> [[United Kingdom]] and [[Crown ~~dependencies~~Dependencies]], since 1847 in [[England]], [[Scotland]], [[Wales]], the [[Channel Islands]], and the [[Isle of Man]], and since 1916 in [[Northern Ireland]], with pauses<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-133575619\|title=Lighter nights would keep youngsters fitter and safer, say doctors\|date=27 June 2005\|newspaper=Western Mail\|location=Cardiff}}</ref><ref>David Ennals [~~http~~https://~~hansard~~api.~~millbanksystems~~parliament.~~com~~uk/historic-hansard/commons/1968/jan/23/british-standard-time-bill-lords "British Standard Times Bill [[Lords]"]",] ''Hansard'', House of Commons Debate, 23 January 1968, vol 757 cc290-366, 290–92</ref><ref>[~~http~~https://~~hansard~~api.~~millbanksystems~~parliament.~~com~~uk/historic-hansard/commons/1970/dec/02/british-standard-time#S5CV0807P0_19701202_HOC_339 "British Standard Time"], ''Hansard'' (HC), 2 December 1970, vol 807 cc1331-422</ref> [[Republic of Ireland\|Ireland]], since 1916,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/ireland/dublin?year=1916\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Dublin, Ireland\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> except between 1968 and 1971<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/ireland/dublin?year=1968\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in Dublin, Ireland\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/ireland/dublin?year=1968\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in Dublin, Ireland\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[Canary Islands]], since 1946 (rest of Spain is [[Central European Time\|CET]], [[UTC+01:00]])<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/spain/las-palmas?year=1946\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[Faroe Islands]], since 1908<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/faroe/torshavn?year=1908\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[Madeira]] islands, since 1912 with pauses<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.statoids.com/tpt.html\|title=Time Zones of Portugal\|publisher=Statoids\|accessdate=18 October 2011}}</ref> * North Eastern [[Greenland]] ([[Danmarkshavn]] and surrounding area)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/greenland/danmarkshavn\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Danmarkshavn, Greenland\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[Iceland]], since 1968, without summer time changes<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/iceland/reykjavik?syear=1960\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Reykjavik, Iceland\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> Line 15: All the above countries except Iceland<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://greenwichmeantime.com/countries/\|title=Countries that do not observe DST {{!}} GreenwichMeanTime.com\|website=greenwichmeantime.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> implement [[daylight saving time]] in summer (from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year), switching to [[Western European Summer Time]] (WEST, [[UTC+01:00]]), which is one hour ahead of WET.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-countries-do-daylight-savings.html\|title=What Countries Do Daylight Savings?\|work=WorldAtlas\|access-date=2018-11-29\|language=en}}</ref> WEST is called [[British Summer Time]] in the UK and is legally defined as [[Irish Standard Time]] in Ireland. The nominal span of the UTC±00:00 time zone is 7.5°E to 7.5°W (0° ± 7.5°), but does not include the [[Netherlands]], [[Belgium]], [[Luxembourg]], [[France]], [[Gibraltar]] or [[Spain]] (except Canary Islands) which use [[Central European Time]] (CET) even though these are mostly or completely west of 7.5°E. Conversely, Iceland and eastern Greenland use UTC±00:00 although both are west of 7.5°W. In September 2013, a [[Spain\|Spanish]] parliamentary committee recommended switching to UTC±00:00.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-24294157 "Spain considers time zone change to boost productivity".] ''BBC News''. 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>Hamilos, Paul (26 September 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/26/spain-working-hours-ending-siesta "Adiós, siesta? Spain considers ending Franco's change to working hours"]. ''The Guardian'' (London).</ref><ref>Dewey, Caitlin (26 September 2013). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/09/26/spaniards-are-less-productive-constantly-tired-because-spain-is-in-the-wrong-time-zone/ "Spaniards are less productive, constantly tired because Spain is in the wrong time zone"]. ''The Washington Post''.</ref> ==Historical uses== A slight variation of UTC±00:00, based until 1911 on the [[Paris Meridian]], was used in: [[Andorra]]: 1901–1946<ref~~>{{Cite~~ ~~web\|url~~name=~~https://www.~~"timeanddate.com~~/time/zone/andorra/andorra-la-vella\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Andorra La Vella, Andorra\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref><ref~~">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/andorra/andorra-la-vella\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Andorra La Vella, Andorra\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[Belgium]]: 1892–1914 (without daylight saving time)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/belgium/brussels?year=1892\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Brussels, Belgium\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/belgium/brussels?year=1914\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Brussels, Belgium\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> and 1919–1940 (with daylight saving time)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/belgium/brussels?year=1940\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Brussels, Belgium\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> [[France]]: 1911–1940<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/france/paris?year=1911\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Paris, Île-de-France, France\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> and 1944–1945<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/france/paris?year=1940\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Paris, Île-de-France, France\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> Line 27: [[Monaco]]: 1911–1945<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/monaco/monaco?year=1911\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Monaco, Monaco\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/monaco/monaco?year=1945\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Monaco, Monaco\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> Until the [[Second World War]], France used UTC±00:00. However, the [[German occupation of France during World War II\|German occupation]] switched France to German time, and it has remained in CET since then.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Poulle\|first=Yvonne\|title=La France à l'heure allemande\|journal=Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes\|year=1999\|volume=157\|issue=2\|pages=493–502\|url=http://www.persee.fr/articleAsPDF/bec_0373-6237_1999_num_157_2_450989/article_bec_0373-6237_1999_num_157_2_450989.pdf\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904024453/http://www.persee.fr/articleAsPDF/bec_0373-6237_1999_num_157_2_450989/article_bec_0373-6237_1999_num_157_2_450989.pdf\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=4 September 2015\|~~accessdate~~access-date=11 January 2012\|doi=10.3406/bec.1999.450989}}</ref> Two other occupied territories, [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]], did the same, and Spain also switched to CET in solidarity with Germany under the orders of [[Francisco Franco\|General Franco]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/11/30/244995264/spains-been-in-the-wrong-time-zone-for-seven-decades?t=1543530349805\|title=Spain Has Been In The 'Wrong' Time Zone For 7 Decades\|work=NPR.org\|access-date=2018-11-29\|language=en}}</ref> In the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 [[British Summer Time]] (BST=[[Central European Time\|CET]]) was used in winters, and from 1941 to 1945 and again in 1947, British Double Summer Time (BDST=[[Central European Summer Time\|CEST]]) was used in summers. Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971, [[British Summer Time\|BST]] was used all year round.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/uk/london?year=1968\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in London, England, United Kingdom\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/uk/london?year=1971\|title=Time Zone & Clock Changes 1970-1979 in London, England, United Kingdom\|website=www.timeanddate.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> Line 55: === Regions located outside UTC longitudes === '''Located west of 22°30′ W ("physical" ~~UTC-2~~UTC−2)''' Western parts of [[Iceland]] Line 72: These areas are actually located between 7°30′E and 7°30′W (nominally UTC+0) but use [[UTC+01:00]] ([[Central European Time]], nominally for longitudes between 7°30′E and 22°30′E): ~~all~~All of * [[Andorra]] * [[Belgium]] Line 89: [[Category:Time zones]] [[Category:Time in Europe]] [[Category:Geography of ~~Western~~ Europe]] [[de:Westeurop%C3%A4ische_Zeit]]