Garden hose: Difference between revisions

The alternative term "hosepipe" is a chiefly British, South African, and southern US usage; "hose" or "garden hose" is the predominant term in other English-speaking areas. The term "[[Hose (tubing)|hose]]" is also used for other types of flexible, water-carrying tubes such as those[[fire hose]] used by [[fire departments]].

== Porous or perforated hosessoaker hoses==

Special hoses designed to leak throughout their length are sometimes used to gently distribute water on a lawn or garden. These hoses have either many small holes drilled or punched in them, or are deliberately formulatedmade of a porous material, such as [[sintered]] rubber particles. These "soaker hoses"<ref> Dave's Garden. [https://davesgarden.com/guides/terms/go/829/#b Definition of soaker hose.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513225900/https://davesgarden.com/guides/terms/go/829/#b |date=2021-05-13 }}</ref> are a simple, low-cost, crudesubstitute typefor ofa [[drip irrigation]] system.

[[File:Brass hose bipp with standard and GHT threads.jpg|thumb|Brass hose spigot with standardthreads taperedfor pipegarden threads on lefthose (internal, notGHT) visible) andon garden hose threads onthe right (visible)]]

Garden hoses connect using a [[Gender of connectors and fasteners|male/female]] thread connection. The technical term for this arrangement is a "hose [[plumbing fittings#Union|union]]". [[Tap (valve)|Spigots]] or sillcocks have male hose connectors only, and the mating end of a hose has a captive nut which fits the threads there.

The thread standard for garden hose connectors in the United States, its territories, and Canada is known colloquially as "garden hose thread" (GHT), but its official designation is NH (NH stands for "National Hose";):
*{{frac|3|4}}-11.5NH is fordesignates full form threads as produced by cutting material such as the brass spigot outlet or hose male or female end fitting found on more expensive hoses;.
*{{frac|3|4}}-11.5NHR is fordesignates thin-walled couplers produced by rolling thin material, usually brass, typically found on less expensive hoses;.
*{{frac|3|4}}-14NPSH is fordesignates female hose ends that mate a hose to a tapered pipe thread without a spigot).

The US standard was defined by NFPA 1963, "Standard for Fire Hose Connections",<ref>{{cite web |title=NH=National Hose |url=http://www.ring-plug-thread-gages.com/ti-npt-NH-National-Hose.htm |website=Ring & Plug Thread Gauges |accessdateaccess-date=26 August 2017}}</ref> then later by ANSI-ASME B1.20.7,<ref>{{cite web |last1=ASME B1.20.7-1991 |title=Hose Coupling Screw Threads (Inch) |url=http://gost-snip.su/download/asme_b1_20_7i991_hose_coupling_screw_threads_inch |accessdateaccess-date=26 August 2017}}</ref> which isspecifies {{convert|1+1/16|in}} diameter straight (non-tapered) thread with a pitch of 11.5 [[threads per inch]] (TPI). The female thread is abbreviated FHT (for "female hose thread"), and the male part is abbreviated MHT (for "male hose thread"). This fitting is used with {{frac|1|2}}-inch, {{frac|5|8}}-inch, and {{frac|3|4}}-inch hoses.<ref name="Lauer2004">{{cite book |author=Bill Lauer |title=AWWA Water Operator Field Guide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kb0BrdEs1bgC&pg=PA209 |date=1 January 2004 |publisher=American Water Works Association |isbn=978-1-58321-315-5 |pages=209–}}</ref><ref name="Ekenes2010">{{cite book |author=Rolf Ekenes |title=Southern Marine Engineering Desk Reference |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h1jfwLceRA4C&pg=PA134 |date=19 January 2010 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |isbn=978-1-4691-1637-2 |pages=134–}}</ref>

Throughout the inIn the 1980s, the use of quick-connector systems has becomebecame increasingly popular. These are fittings that attach to the hose and or screw into common hose connectors and equipment, allowing hoses and accessories to be easily connected together using a snap-fit type system. The first plastic connector was invented in the UK by [[Hozelock]] in 1959,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hozelock.com/about-us/|title = About Us &#124; Our History, Values and Innovations Hozelock Ltd|date = 10 March 2019}}</ref> and the style has now become a [[de facto standard]] throughout Europe and the wider world, compatible with and imitated by many other manufacturers. A differently-designed [[hermaphroditic connector|hermaphroditic]] quick-connect hose fitting made by GEKA has the advantage of interconnecting without distinction between "male" and "female" connectors,