1963 papal conclave: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|1963 conclave following the deathElection of Pope John XXIII; Paul VI elected to the papacy}}

| dean = [[Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserant]]

| pope_elected= [[Pope Paul VI|Giovanni Battista Montini]]

| image = PaulusPope Paul VI, from University of Urbinoportrait.jpg

The '''1963A [[papal conclave''']] was convokedheld followingfrom the19 deathto 21 June 1963 to elect a successor of [[Pope John XXIII]], who had died on 3 June 1963 in the [[Apostolic Palace]]. After theThe [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 1963|cardinal electors]] assembled in Rome, the conclave to elect John's successor began on 19 June and ended two days later, on 21 June, after six ballots. The [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinals]], elected Cardinal [[Giovanni Battista Montini]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Archbishop of Milan]]. He accepted the election and took the name ''Paul VI''. [[Paul VI's coronation]] on 30 June was the last [[papal coronation]] to date.

John XXIII's death left the future of the [[Second Vatican Council]] in the balance, as the election of an anti-Council pope could have severely curbed the Council's role. The leading ''[[papabile]]'' candidates were [[Pope Paul VI|Giovanni Battista Montini]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Milan]], who had not been a cardinal at the time of the previous conclave, and was supportive of reforms proposed at the Council;<ref name=nytcls>{{cite news|last1=Sulzberger|first1=C.L.|title=The News Pope - Two Types of 'Liberal'|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/06/19/89537628.pdf|access-date=7 November 2017|work=The New York Times|date=19 June 1963}}</ref> [[Giacomo Lercaro]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bologna|Bologna]], who was considered a liberal, close to John XXIII;<ref name=nytcls/> and [[Giuseppe Siri]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa|Genoa]], ''[[papabile]]'' in 1958 and critical of these reforms.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Cardinal [[Gregorio Pietro Agagianian]], the former [[List of Armenian Catholic Patriarchs of Cilicia|Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia]] was also thought to be ''papabile''.<ref name=ArmenianCatholic>{{cite web|url=http://www.armeniancatholic.org/inside.php?lang=en&page_id=23115|work=Armenian Catholic Church|title=Biography of Gregory Petros XV Agagianian|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725014407/http://www.armeniancatholic.org/inside.php?lang=en&page_id=23115|archive-date=25 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url-status = live | title=Move to Block Soviet Pope Revealed|url=http://buffalonews.com/1993/12/21/move-to-block-soviet-pope-revealed/|work=[[The Buffalo News]]|date=21 December 1993| access-date= 16 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531193313/http://buffalonews.com/1993/12/21/move-to-block-soviet-pope-revealed/|archive-date=31 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Bensi|first=Giovanni|title=Le due chance perdute del papa armeno|journal=East Journal|date=20 March 2013| access-date= 16 December 2017 | url=http://www.eastjournal.net/archives/29599|language=it}}; also published in Russian: {{cite news|last=Bensi|first=Giovanni|title=Операция "Конклав" (Operation "Conclave")|url=http://www.ng.ru/ng_religii/2013-03-20/4_konklav.html|work=[[Nezavisimaya Gazeta]]|date=20 March 2013|language=ru}}</ref> Reportedly, John XXIII had sent oblique signals indicating that he thought Montini would make a fine pope.<ref name ="Weigel">{{cite news| journal= Madison Catholic Herald |url=http://www.madisoncatholicherald.org/2005-04-21/columns.html |last=Weigel| first=George| title=Conclaves: Surprises abound in the Sistine Chapel|date=21 April 2005|access-date=13 February 2014}}</ref>

The results of the first four ballots were signaled with black smoke on 20 June at 11:54{{nbsp}}am and 5:47{{nbsp}} pm. Each time, the smoke appeared white at first.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Cortesi|first1=Arnaldo|title=First Four Votes by Cardinals Fail to Select a Pope|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/06/21/82067815.pdf|access-date=8 November 2017|work=The New York Times|date=21 June 1963}}</ref>