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{{More citations needed|date=September 2021}}
{{about|color lookup tables|color schemes used in design software|color scheme|the UI element also known as utility window|Palette window}}
{{short description|In computer graphics, a finite set of available colors}}
{{Color depth}}
{{multiple image
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In [[computer graphics]], a '''palette'''
==Description==
As of 2019, the most common image colorspace in
==Master palette==
[[File:Palette sizes.ogv|right|thumb|300px|An adaptive color palette expanding from 2 colors to 256 colors, demonstrating how the image changes (click to see animation)
In an application showing many different [[thumbnail|image thumbnail]]s in a mosaic on screen, the program may not be able to load all the adaptive palettes of every displayed image thumbnail at the same time in the hardware color registers. A solution is to use a unique, common ''[[List of software palettes#RGB arrangements|master palette]]'' or ''universal palette'', which can be used to display with reasonable accuracy any kind of image.
This is done by selecting colors in such way that the master palette comprises a full [[RGB color space]] "in miniature", limiting the possible levels that the red, green, and blue components may have. This kind of arrangement is sometimes referred to as a ''uniform palette''.<ref>[http://tex.imm.uran.ru/alchemy.pdf Handmade Software's ''Image Alchemy'' User's Manual.]</ref> The normal [[human eye]] has sensibility to the three primary colors in different degrees: the more to the green, the less to the blue. So RGB arrangements can take advantage of this by assigning more levels for the green component and
A master palette built this way can be filled with up to {{nowrap|[[List of software palettes#8-8-4 levels RGB|8R×8G×4B {{=}} 256 colors]]}}, but this does not leave space in the palette for reserved colors, color indices that the program could use for special purposes. It is more general to use only {{nowrap|[[List of software palettes#6 level RGB|6R×6G×6B {{=}} 216]]}} (as in the [[Web colors]] case), {{nowrap|[[List of software palettes#6-8-5 levels RGB|6R×8G×5B {{=}} 240]]}} or {{nowrap|[[List of software palettes#6-7-6 levels RGB|6R×7G×6B {{=}} 252]]}}, which leaves room for some reserved colors.
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==Adaptive palette==
When using [[indexed color]] techniques, real life images are represented with better fidelity to the [[24-bit color|truecolor]] original one by using [[List of software palettes#Adaptive palettes|adaptive palette]]s (sometimes
But this creates a heavy dependence between the image [[pixel]]s and its adaptive palette. Assuming a limited 8-bit depth graphic display, it is necessary to load a given image's adaptive palette into the color hardware registers prior to loading the image surface itself into the [[Framebuffer|frame buffer]]. To display different images with different adaptive palettes, they must be loaded one by one, as in a [[slideshow]]. Here are samples of four different indexed color images with color patches to show their respective (and largely incompatible) adaptive palettes:
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[[2D computer graphics|2-D painting programs]], like [[Microsoft Paint]] and [[Deluxe Paint]], can employ the user designated ''background color'' as the transparent color when performing [[cut, copy, and paste]] operations.
Although related (due to they are used for the same purposes), [[Image mask|image bit masks]] and [[alpha channel]]s are techniques which do not involve the use of palettes nor transparent color at all, but off-image added extra binary data layers.
==Software palettes==
{{see also|List of software palettes}}
===Microsoft Windows===
[[Microsoft Windows]] applications manage the palette of 4-bit or 8-bit indexed color display devices through specialized functions of the [[Win32 API]]. The applicability of palettes in [[Highcolor]] and [[24-bit color|Truecolor]] display modes becomes questionable. These APIs deals with the so-called
The
When a given application intends to output colorized graphics and/or images, it can set their own
Before the output is effectively made, the program must ''realize'' its logical palette:
The final result depends on how many applications are
An application can force the system palette to be loaded with specific colors
==See also==
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==References==
* Julio Sanchez and Maria P. Canton (2003). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=gZ5SDTpMR-MC
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183459(VS.85).aspx Color palettes at Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN)]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd162938%28VS.85%29.aspx The RGBQUAD color table entry in BITMAPINFO structure at Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN)]
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[[Category:Computer graphics data structures]]
[[Category:Color depths]]
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[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
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