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{{Short description|Rifle factory in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Indo-Russia Rifles Private Limited
| logo =
| logo = https://roe.ru/eng/catalog/land-forces/strelkovoe-oruzhie/assault-rifles-/ak203/
| type =
| fate =
| predecessor = <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
| successor = <!-- or: | successors = -->
| founded = <!-- if known: {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD2019}} in [[city]], state, country -->
| founder = <!-- or: | founders = -->
| defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
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| hq_location_country = India
| area_served = <!-- or: | areas_served = -->
| key_people = Major General SK Sharma,SM**, VSM (CEO&MD)
| industry = [[Defense contractor|Defence]]
| products = [[AK-203]]
| owners = {{ubl|[[Advanced Weapons and Equipment India]] (5042.5%)|Munitions India Limited (8%)|[[Kalashnikov Concern]] (42%)|[[Rosoboronexport]] (7.5%)}}
| num_employees =
| num_employees_year = <!-- Year of num_employees data (if known) -->
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| website = https://irrpl.co.in/
}}
'''Indo-Russia Rifles Private Limited''' (IRRPL) is a rifle-manufacturing facility in [[Korwa, Uttar Pradesh|Korwa]], [[Amethi district]] in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. TheFounded factoryin will2019, the factory manufacturemanufactures the [[AK-100 (rifle family)|AK-200 variant]] of the [[Kalashnikov family]] of rifles.
 
IRRPL is a joint-venture of [[Ordnance Factory Board]] (Currently done by [[Advanced Weapons and Equipment India]])<ref>https://www.deccanherald.com/india/indo-russian-jv-in-up-produces-first-batch-of-rifles-for-the-army-in-make-in-india-push-1182142.html</ref> and [[Kalashnikov Concern]], with [[Rosoboronexport]] holding a minority stake and will produce 750,000 [[AK-203]], a 7.62×39mm variant from the AK-100 family.<ref>{{cite news | url =https://theprint.in/defence/india-and-russia-set-to-close-deal-for-over-6-lakh-ak-203-rifles-production-to-start-soon/492219/ | title =India and Russia set to close deal for over 6 lakh AK 203 rifles, production to start soon | website =The Print | first =SNEHESH ALEX | last =PHILIP | date=31 August 2020 | access-date =2 August 2021 }}</ref>
 
==History==
The Indian armed forces had been equipped with a locally produced licensed copy<ref>"UK and Commonwealth FALs, by R. Blake Stevens, Collector Grade Publications, 1980, pages 231–233</ref> of the [[L1A1 self-loading rifle]]s from the late 1950s.<ref name="Cutshaw2011">{{cite book|author=Charles Q. Cutshaw|title=Tactical Small Arms of the 21st Century: A Complete Guide to Small Arms From Around the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wcsDuwEACAAJ|accessdate=28 May 2014|date=28 February 2011|publisher=Gun Digest Books|isbn=978-1-4402-2482-9|page=207}}</ref> In the mid-1980s, thea decision was taken to develop a 5.56×45mm NATO calibre rifle to replace the obsolete rifles. Trials on various prototypes based on the [[AKM]] were carried out by the [[Armament Research and Development Establishment]] (ARDE) in [[Pune]]. On the completion of the trial, The [[INSAS rifle|Indian Small Arms System]] (INSAS) was adopted in 1990, becoming the standard -issue assault rifle of the Indian infantry. However, to phase out the still in use bolt-action [[Lee–Enfield]] rifles as quickly as possible, India had to acquire 100,000 7.62×39mm AKM-type rifles from Russia, Hungary, Romania and Israel in 1990–92.<ref name="Walter2006">{{cite book|author=John Walter|title=Rifles of the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6x0tuQEACAAJ|accessdate=28 May 2014|date=25 March 2006|publisher=Krause Publications|isbn=0-89689-241-7|pages=209–210}}</ref>
 
The INSAS was initially built with features borrowed from several different rifles and was not made to meet the specific requirements of the Indian security forces. This amalgamated design, while serving the Army for over 30 years, has started to fall behind the needs of modern warfare.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Datta|first=Saikat|title=Why is the Indian Army still using outdated assault rifles designed in the 1980s?|url=https://scroll.in/article/842307/why-is-the-indian-army-still-using-outdated-assault-rifles-designed-in-the-1980s|access-date=2020-06-26|website=Scroll.in|date=4 July 2017 |language=en-US}}</ref> In recent years the rifle has come under increasing scrutiny, with several issues, surfacing from frontline forces that have inhibited operational capabilities. For example, the plastic magazine of the rifle has repeatedly cracked under cold weather conditions and has reportedly even overheated during long battles leading to malfunctions, making it an unreliable choice for a standard -issue rifle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Beckhusen|first=Robert|date=2016-08-31|title=India's Anti-Terror Troops Despise Their Assault Rifle|url=https://medium.com/war-is-boring/indias-anti-terror-troops-despise-their-assault-rifle-3fcafa392aaa|access-date=2020-06-26|website=Medium|language=en}}</ref> It has been observed that militants in Kashmir are drugged which leads to them being capable of taking a 5.56×45mm bullet and still being able to fight. That's why the army is now using AK variants in Kashmir. Due to these repeated downfalls, In April 2015, the Indian government even had to replace some INSAS rifles of the [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] with AKM variants to ensure greater success in the CRPF's fight against [[Naxalites]].<ref name="AK-47sTeethPio">{{cite news|title=AK-47s to arm CRPF to teeth|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/todays-newspaper/ak-47s-to-arm-crpf-to-teeth.html|accessdate=23 February 2016|work=Daily Pioneer|date=25 April 2015}}</ref> Therefore, owing to these failures and the changing needs of the armed forces, it was announced in early 2017 that the INSAS rifles would be retired and replaced by a weapon capable of firing the larger [[7.62×51mm NATO]] cartridges.<ref name="RetirementAndReplacement">{{cite news|title=INSAS rifles to retire; to be replaced by imported weapons|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/insas-rifles-to-retire-to-be-replaced-by-imported-weapons/articleshow/57479939.cms|accessdate=16 April 2017|date=5 March 2017|work=The Economic Times}}</ref>
 
Due to these repeated downfalls, In April 2015, the Indian government had to replace some INSAS rifles of the [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] with AKM variants to ensure greater success in the CRPF's fight against [[Naxalites]].<ref name="AK-47sTeethPio">{{cite news|title=AK-47s to arm CRPF to teeth|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/todays-newspaper/ak-47s-to-arm-crpf-to-teeth.html|accessdate=23 February 2016|work=Daily Pioneer|date=25 April 2015}}</ref> Therefore, owing to these failures and the changing needs of the armed forces, it was announced in early 2017 that the INSAS rifles would be retired and replaced by a weapon capable of firing [[7.62×51mm NATO]] cartridges.<ref name="RetirementAndReplacement">{{cite news|title=INSAS rifles to retire; to be replaced by imported weapons|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/insas-rifles-to-retire-to-be-replaced-by-imported-weapons/articleshow/57479939.cms|accessdate=16 April 2017|date=5 March 2017|work=The Economic Times}}</ref>
As part of the replacement process, the new Kalashnikov rifle was to be made in a joint venture production facility located in [[Amethi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite news |title=In Amethi, PM Modi To Dedicate A Firm For Manufacturing AK Assault Rifles |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-amethi-pm-modi-to-dedicate-a-firm-for-manufacturing-ak-assault-rifles-2001713 |accessdate=4 March 2019 |work=NDTV |agency=ANI |date=22 March 2019}}</ref> The factory manufactures the [[AK-203]] variant of the [[Kalashnikov family]] of rifles, which along with the [[SIG716]], manufactured by United States-based [[SIG Sauer]] will replace the INSAS rifles as well as the AK-47s.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=PM Modi inaugurates India-Russia JV to build Kalashnikov rifles in Amethi|work=Business Standard|issue=4 March 2019|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/pm-modi-inaugurates-india-russia-jv-to-build-kalashnikov-rifles-in-amethi-119030300508_1.html|accessdate=4 March 2019}}</ref> The first batch of 10,000 SIG Sauer rifles were delivered in December 2019.<ref name="indtodaysig716">{{cite news |last1=Negi |first1=Manjeet Singh |title=Indian Army received first batch American assault rifles for operations in Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indian-army-american-sig-sauer-assault-rifles-jammu-and-kashmir-1627274-2019-12-11 |accessdate=11 December 2019 |work=India Today |date=11 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
 
As part of the replacement process, the new Kalashnikov rifle wasis to bebeing made in a joint venture production facility located in [[Amethi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite news |title=In Amethi, PM Modi To Dedicate A Firm For Manufacturing AK Assault Rifles |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-amethi-pm-modi-to-dedicate-a-firm-for-manufacturing-ak-assault-rifles-2001713 |accessdate=4 March 2019 |work=NDTV |agency=ANI |date=22 March 2019}}</ref> The factory manufactures the [[AK-203]] variant of the [[Kalashnikov family]] of rifles, which along with the [[SIG716]], manufactured by United States-based [[SIG Sauer]] will replace the INSAS rifles as well as thevarious AK-47s.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=PM Modi inaugurates India-Russia JV to build Kalashnikov rifles in Amethi|work=Business Standard|issue=4 March 2019|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/pm-modi-inaugurates-india-russia-jv-to-build-kalashnikov-rifles-in-amethi-119030300508_1.html|accessdate=4 March 2019}}</ref> The first batch of 10,000 SIG Sauer rifles were delivered in December 2019.<ref name="indtodaysig716">{{cite news |last1=Negi |first1=Manjeet Singh |title=Indian Army received first batch American assault rifles for operations in Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indian-army-american-sig-sauer-assault-rifles-jammu-and-kashmir-1627274-2019-12-11 |accessdate=11 December 2019 |work=India Today |date=11 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
 
==Product==
The IRRPL has been licensed to produce 750,000600000 [[AK-203]] assault rifles chambered for 7.62×39mm. The AK-203 is a modernized 200 series [[AK-103]] variant and one of the modern derivatives of the Russian [[Kalashnikov rifle|AK-Pattern]] series of assault rifles. The 200 series are technically based on the [[AK-100 (rifle family)|AK-100 family]] and the more expensive [[AK-12]] rifle family.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://modernfirearms.net/en/assault-rifles/ak-200-2/|title=200 series Kalashnikov assault rifle: AK-200, AK-201, AK-202, AK-203, AK-204, AK-205 (Russia)|website=modernfirearms.net|date=7 June 2018}}</ref> The AK-203 is reported as the newest version of the [[AK-47]] assault rifle.<ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news|title=Explained: The new AK-203, and its legendary ancestor, the AK-47|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-new-ak-203-and-its-legendary-ancestor-the-ak-47-5611205/|accessdate=5 March 2019|work=The Indian Express|date=5 March 2019|language=en-IN}}</ref>
 
During the Defence Expo 2020 in Lucknow, Major General Sengar announced that the IRRPL facility in Amethi would produce 75,000 AK-203 annually for 10 years.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/february_2020_global_defense_security_army_news_industry/ak-203_to_become_organic_assault_rifle_of_indian_armed_forces.html#google_vignette | title=AK-203 to become organic assault rifle of Indian armed forces | date=14 February 2020 }}</ref>
 
It was announced that 670,000 AK-203 rifles will be produced for the Indian military.<ref>{{cite news|last=Philip|first=Snehesh Alex|date=31 August 2020|title=India and Russia set to close deal for over 6 lakh AK 203 rifles, full scale production tohas startalready soonstarted since August 2023|work=ThePrint|url=https://theprint.in/defence/india-and-russia-set-to-close-deal-for-over-6-lakh-ak-203-rifles-production-to-start-soon/492219/|access-date=25 September 2020}}</ref> Production of the AK-203 started on 17 January 2023.<ref>{{cite webnews |last1=Nagial |first1=Colonel Balwan Singh |title=AK-203 Kalashnikov Assault Rifles to be manufactured in India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/col-nagial/ak-203-kalashnikov-assault-rifles-to-be-manufactured-in-india/ |website=The Times of India |access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/defense_news_january_2023_global_security_army_industry/india_launches_production_of_kalashnikov_ak-203_assault_rifles.html | title=India launches production of Kalashnikov AK-203 assault rifles &#124; Defense News January 2023 Global Security army industry &#124; Defense Security global news industry army year 2023 &#124; Archive News year | date=18 January 2023 }}</ref>
 
In May 2024, first batch of 27,000 rifles were delivered while another batch of 8,000 would be delivered "soon". The level of indigenous content achieved is 25%.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2024-05-19 |title=Indo-Russian joint venture handed over 27,000 Ak-203 assault rifles to Indian Army |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indo-russian-joint-venture-handed-over-27000-ak-203-assault-rifles-to-indian-army/article68193891.ece |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> In July 2024, the expected 8,000 units were delivered.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Philip |first=Snehesh Alex |date=2024-07-05 |title=Ahead of Modi's visit to Moscow, Indo-Russia venture delivers 33K AK-203 rifles to Army |url=https://theprint.in/defence/ahead-of-modis-visit-to-moscow-indo-russia-venture-delivers-33k-ak-203-rifles-to-army/2161474/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
==Ownership==
The factory is a [[joint venture]] between three companies. AWEIAs of 2023, AWEIL owns the controlling stakes ofat 5042.5% whilewith Munitions India Limited at a 8%, [[Kalashnikov ownsConcern]] at 42% stakeand followed[[Rosoboronexport]] byat 7.5%.<ref>https://www.ddpmod.gov.in/sites/default/files/vacancy%20circular.pdf stake{{Bare ownedURL by Rosonboronexport.PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref>
 
An Indian CEO from the Indian Army leads the company.<ref name="theprint1">{{cite news |last1=Philip |first1=Snehesh Alex |title=PM Modi inaugurates Indo-Russian joint venture, which will end Army's long quest for rifles |url=https://theprint.in/defence/pm-modi-inaugurates-indo-russian-joint-venture-which-will-end-armys-long-quest-for-rifles/200792/ |accessdate=4 March 2019 |work=The Print |date=3 March 2019}}</ref> Major General SK Sharma, SM**, VSM was selected as the CEO & MD on 06 August 2023.
 
===Leaders===
 
An Indian CEO from the Indian Army leads the company.<ref name="theprint1">{{cite news |last1=Philip |first1=Snehesh Alex |title=PM Modi inaugurates Indo-Russian joint venture, which will end Army's long quest for rifles |url=https://theprint.in/defence/pm-modi-inaugurates-indo-russian-joint-venture-which-will-end-armys-long-quest-for-rifles/200792/ |accessdate=4 March 2019 |work=The Print |date=3 March 2019}}</ref> The Army has appointed* Major General Sanjeev Sengar as the chief executive officer(2019-2023).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Philip |first1=Snehesh Alex |title=Army chief's new experiment — Major General is CEO of AK-203 rifle factory in Amethi |url=https://theprint.in/defence/army-chiefs-new-experiment-major-general-is-ceo-of-ak-203-rifle-factory-in-amethi/259019/ |accessdate=12 January 2020 |work=ThePrint |date=5 July 2019}}</ref>
* Major General Sudhir Kumar Sharma, SM**, VSM (Aug 2023 onwards)
 
== References ==