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{{short description|American military transport helicopter family}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=AugustJanuary 20132024}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2023}}
}}{{Infobox aircraft type▼
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page
content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
|name= H-21 Shawnee/Workhorse
|image=Piasecki H-21 (modified).jpg
|caption=A [[US Army]] Piasecki H-21
▲}}{{Infobox aircraft type
|type=[[Military transport helicopter]]
|manufacturer= [[Piasecki Helicopter]]
|national originnational_origin=United States
|designer=
|first flightfirst_flight=11 April 1952
|introduction=
|introduced=
|retired=1967
|status= Retired
|primary userprimary_user=[[United States Air Force]]
|more usersmore_users=[[United States Army]]<br />[[French Army Light Aviation|French Army Aviation]]
|produced= 1952–1959
|number_built=
|number built=
|developed fromdeveloped_from=[[Piasecki HRP Rescuer]]
|variants with their own articles=
}}
|}
 
The '''Piasecki H-21 Workhorse/Shawnee''' is an American helicopter, the fourth of a line of [[tandem rotor]] helicopters designed and built by [[Piasecki Helicopter]] (later [[Boeing Vertol]]). Commonly called "the flying banana", it was a multi-mission helicopter, usingcapable of being fitted with wheels, skis andor floats.
 
The H-21 was originally developed by Piasecki as an Arctic rescue helicopter. The H-21 had cold-weather features permitting operation at temperatures as low as {{cvt|-65|°F|°C|}} and could be routinely maintained in severe cold weather environments.
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Piasecki Helicopter designed and successfully sold to the [[United States Navy]] a series of tandem rotor helicopters, starting with the [[Piasecki HRP-1|HRP-1]] of 1944. The HRP-1 was nicknamed the "flying banana" because of the upward angle of the aft fuselage, which ensured that the large rotors could not strike the fuselage in any flight attitude. The name was later applied to other Piasecki helicopters of similar design, including the H-21.
 
In 1949, Piasecki proposed the YH-21 ''Workhorse'' to the United States Air Force (USAF), which was an improved, all-metal derivative of the HRP-1., to the United States Air Force (USAF). Using two tandem, fully articulated three-bladed counter-rotating rotors, the H-21 was powered by one nine-cylinder [[Wright R-1820|Curtis-Wright R-1820-103 Cyclone]] supercharged {{cvt|1,150|hp|kW|0}} [[air-cooled]] [[radial engine]].
 
After the first flight of the YH-21 on 11 April 1952, the USAF ordered 32 H-21A SAR models and 163 of the more powerful H-21B assault transport variant.<ref name="jawa52p30">Bridgman 1952, p. 30.</ref> The H-21B was equipped with an uprated version of the Wright 103 engine, developing 1,425 [[shaft horsepower]] (1,063&nbsp;kW) and featured rotor blades extended by 6&nbsp;inches (152&nbsp;mm). With its improved capabilities, the '''H-21B''' could carry 22 fully equipped infantrymen or 12 stretchers, plus space for two medical attendants, as a [[Medical evacuation|medevac]] helicopter. With its Arctic winter capabilities, the H-21A and H-21B were put into service by the USAF and the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) to maintain and service [[Distant Early Warning Line]] (DEW) radar installations stretching from the [[Aleutian Islands]] and [[Alaska]] across the [[Northern Canada|Canadian Arctic]] to [[Greenland]] and [[Iceland]].
 
[[File:Piasecki H-21 - inside.jpg|thumb|left|Piasecki H-21 cabin interior looking towards the cockpit]]
In 1952, some H-21As were evaluated by USMC helicopter squadron [[HMX-1]] for air assault.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ytwDAAAAMBAJ&dq=1954+Popular+Mechanics+January&pg=PA101 "Here Comes the Leathernecks."] ''Popular Mechanics'', April 1952, p. 101, bottom of page.</ref> In 1957, an H-21B was loaned to the [[United States Marine Corps]] (USMC) to evaluate the helicopter as an airborne tug to tow disabled landing ships and amphibious landing vehicles to the beach. During the evaluation, the H-21B towed an [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]] at {{cvt|5|kn}} and a simulated tracked amphibious vehicle from the water to the beach.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=DOEDAAAAMBAJ&dq=true&pg=PA106 "Flying Salvage Craft Works on Land Or Sea."] ''Popular Mechanics'', July 1957, p. 106</ref> The uprated 1425&nbsp;hp Wright engine used in the H-21B was also used in subsequent variants sold to both the U.S. Army (as the H-21C ''Shawnee'') and the military forces of several other nations. In 1962, the H-21 was renamed the CH-21 in U.S. Army service.
 
In 1959 Vertol Aircraft, the new name for Piasecki Helicopters, came up with a concept for heavy lift over short distances where between two and six H-21Bs would be linked by beams to lift heavy loads. It was considered to be unsafe, because if one helicopter had mechanical problems during the lift it could unbalance the structure and cause all helicopters to crash.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vtsDAAAAMBAJ&dq=true&pg=PA100 "Workhorses of the Air."] ''Popular Mechanics'', March 1959, p. 100.</ref>
Line 54 ⟶ 50:
 
===U.S. Army operations===
 
The H-21C saw extensive service with the U.S. Army, primarily for use in transporting troops and supplies. On 24 August 1954, with the assistance of inflight refueling provided by a U.S. Army [[de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter|U-1A Otter]], a H-21C known as ''Amblin' Annie'' became the first helicopter to cross the United States non-stop.<ref>''The New Propwash'', Fox Valley Sport Aviation Assoc., Vol.2, Issue 12, p. 5</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boeing.com/history/products/ch-21-shawnee-vertol-44-helicopter.page |title = Boeing: Historical Snapshot: CH-21 Shawnee/Vertol 44 Helicopter}}</ref> Experiments were made by the Army in arming the H-21C as a gunship; some Shawnees were armed with flex guns under the nose, while others were fitted with door guns. One experimental version was tested with a [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]] .50 cal. remote turret mounted beneath the nose. The H-21C (later designated CH-21C) was first deployed to [[South Vietnam]] in December 1961 with the Army's 8th and 57th Transportation Companies, in support of [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] troops. In Army service, the CH-21C Shawnee could be armed with 7.62&nbsp;mm (.308 in) or 12.7&nbsp;mm (.50 in) flexible door guns. Relatively slow, the CH-21's unprotected control cables and fuel lines proved vulnerable to the [[North Vietnam]]ese [[People's Army of Vietnam]] and [[Vietcong]] ground forces, which were increasingly well supplied with automatic small arms and heavy (12.7&nbsp;mm) anti-aircraft machine guns. The H-21, which was designed for cold weather operations, performed poorly in the hot weather of Vietnam. Despite being capable of carrying 20 passengers, it could lift only nine when operating in Vietnam. Pilots reported that engines that were rated for 600 hours of flying time were lasting only 200 hours or less in Vietnam.<ref>{{cite news | title= Army Copter Pilots in Vietnam Say H-21's Are Not Adequate | last = Halberstam | first = David | work = The New York Times | date = 19 January 1963 | page = 3 | url = https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/01/19/issue.html | access-date = 3 May 2019 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> The shooting down of a CH-21 Shawnee near the Laotian-Vietnamese border with the death of four aviators in July 1962 were some of the U.S. Army's earliest casualties in the [[Vietnam War]].<ref name="Harding p261-2">Harding 1990, pp. 261–262.</ref> Despite these events, the Shawnee continued in service as the U.S. Army's helicopter workhorse in Vietnam until 1964 when it was replaced with the [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1 Huey]]. In 1965, the [[Boeing CH-47 Chinook]] was deployed to Vietnam and later that year, most CH-21 helicopters were withdrawn from active inventory in the U.S. Army and Air Force.▼
The H-21C saw extensive service with the U.S. Army, primarily for use in transporting troops and supplies. On 24 August 1954, with the assistance of inflight refueling provided by a U.S. Army [[de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter|U-1A Otter]], a H-21C known as ''Amblin' Annie'' became the first helicopter to cross the United States non-stop.<ref>''The New Propwash'', Fox Valley Sport Aviation Assoc., Vol.2, Issue 12, p. 5</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boeing.com/history/products/ch-21-shawnee-vertol-44-helicopter.page |title = Boeing: Historical Snapshot: CH-21 Shawnee/Vertol 44 Helicopter}}</ref> Experiments were made by the Army in arming the H-21C as a gunship; some Shawnees were armed with flex guns under the nose, while others were fitted with door guns.
 
[[File:H-21 Shawnees Fort Bragg 1956.png|thumb|left|H-21 Shawnees of the 8th Transportation Company, Ft Bragg, 1956. The company had 24 helicopters, 48 officers and warrant officers, and 246 enlisted men.]]
 
One experimental version was tested with a [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]] .50 cal. remote turret mounted beneath the nose. The H-21C (later designated CH-21C) was first deployed to [[South Vietnam]] in December 1961 with the Army's 8th and 57th Transportation Companies, in support of [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] troops. In Army service, the CH-21C Shawnee could be armed with 7.62&nbsp;mm (.308 in) or 12.7&nbsp;mm (.50 in) flexible door guns. Relatively slow, the CH-21's unprotected control cables and fuel lines proved vulnerable to the [[Vietcong]], which were increasingly well supplied with automatic small arms and heavy (12.7&nbsp;mm) anti-aircraft machine guns.
 
▲The H-21C saw extensive service with the U.S. Army, primarily for use in transporting troops and supplies. On 24 August 1954, with the assistance of inflight refueling provided by a U.S. Army [[de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter|U-1A Otter]], a H-21C known as ''Amblin' Annie'' became the first helicopter to cross the United States non-stop.<ref>''The New Propwash'', Fox Valley Sport Aviation Assoc., Vol.2, Issue 12, p. 5</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boeing.com/history/products/ch-21-shawnee-vertol-44-helicopter.page |title = Boeing: Historical Snapshot: CH-21 Shawnee/Vertol 44 Helicopter}}</ref> Experiments were made by the Army in arming the H-21C as a gunship; some Shawnees were armed with flex guns under the nose, while others were fitted with door guns. One experimental version was tested with a [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]] .50 cal. remote turret mounted beneath the nose. The H-21C (later designated CH-21C) was first deployed to [[South Vietnam]] in December 1961 with the Army's 8th and 57th Transportation Companies, in support of [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] troops. In Army service, the CH-21C Shawnee could be armed with 7.62&nbsp;mm (.308 in) or 12.7&nbsp;mm (.50 in) flexible door guns. Relatively slow, the CH-21's unprotected control cables and fuel lines proved vulnerable to the [[North Vietnam]]ese [[People's Army of Vietnam]] and [[Vietcong]] ground forces, which were increasingly well supplied with automatic small arms and heavy (12.7&nbsp;mm) anti-aircraft machine guns. The H-21, which was designed for cold weather operations, performed poorly in the hot weather of Vietnam. Despite being capable of carrying 20 passengers, it could lift only nine when operating in Vietnam. Pilots reported that engines that were rated for 600 hours of flying time were lasting only 200 hours or less in Vietnam.<ref>{{cite news | title= Army Copter Pilots in Vietnam Say H-21's Are Not Adequate | last = Halberstam | first = David | work = The New York Times | date = 19 January 1963 | page = 3 | url = https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/01/19/issue.html | access-date = 3 May 2019 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> The shooting down of a CH-21 Shawnee near the Laotian-Vietnamese border with the death of four aviators in July 1962 were some of the U.S. Army's earliest casualties in the [[Vietnam War]].<ref name="Harding p261-2">Harding 1990, pp. 261–262.</ref> Despite these events, the Shawnee continued in service as the U.S. Army's helicopter workhorse in Vietnam until 1964 when it was replaced with the [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1 Huey]]. In 1965, the [[Boeing CH-47 Chinook]] was deployed to Vietnam and later that year, most CH-21 helicopters were withdrawn from active inventory in the U.S. Army and Air Force.
 
==Variants==
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* [[Royal Canadian Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1955/1955%20-%200621.html |title= World Air Forces 1955 pg. 621 |publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref>
;{{COD}}
* [[Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo Democratic Air Force]]<ref name=trade>{{cite web |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |title=Trade Registers |publisher=Armstrade.sipri.org |access-date=3 February 2019 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
;{{FRA}}
* [[French Air Force]]<ref>Arkell ''Flight'' 21 June 1957, p. 844.</ref>
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===Canada===
* 642 – On display at the [[Musée de la Défense aérienne]] of [[CFB Bagotville]], [[Quebec]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://silverhawkauthor.com/aircraft-preserved-in-canada-6-warplanes-in-quebec_389.html|title=Harold A. Skaarup, author of Shelldrake|website=silverhawkauthor.com|access-date=6 January 2019|archive-date=6 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153330/http://silverhawkauthor.com/aircraft-preserved-in-canada-6-warplanes-in-quebec_389.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 641 – On display at the Heritage Air Park of the [[Comox Air Force Museum]] [[CFB Comox]], [[British Columbia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://comoxairforcemuseum.ca/wp-content/uploads/Guide-to-the-Aircraft-of-CAFM-Heritage-Air-Park.pdf|title=Guide to the Aircraft of the CAFM Heritage Air Park|access-date=2022-09-03}}</ref>
 
Line 130 ⟶ 133:
[[File:Vertol CH-21B Workhorse USAF.jpg|thumb|right|A [[USAF]] CH-21B at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]]
]]
* FR94 – H-21C on static display at the Musée de l'Aviation Légere de l'Armée de Terre et de l'Hélicoptère in [[Dax, Landes]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol H-21C-PH Shawnee, s/n FR94 AdT, c/n FR94|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=125745|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* FR106 is on display at the "Ailes Anciennes" Museum at Toulouse-Blagnac Airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aatlse.org/?coll=h21|title=Ailes Anciennes Toulouse|work=aatlse.org|access-date=23 November 2016}}</ref>
 
===Germany===
* 83+07 – H-21C on static display at the [[Hubschraubermuseum Bückeburg]] in [[Bückeburg|Bückeburg, Lower Saxony]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Vertol V-43 (H-21C)|url=http://www.hubschraubermuseum.de/exponate/mehrrotorige-hubschrauber/vertol-v-43-h-21c/?lang=en|website=Das Hubschraubermuseum Bückeburg|access-date=21 October 2016}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 83+07 Heeresfliegertruppe, c/n WG7|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=21366|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 83+08 – H-21C on static display at the [[Militärhistorisches Museum Flugplatz Berlin-Gatow]] in [[Berlin, Berlin]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Transporthubschauber Vertol (Piasecki) V-43A (H-21C) (Luftfahrzeugkennung der Bundeswehr: 83+08)|url=http://www.museum-digital.de/berlin/index.php?t=objekt&suinin=12&extern=yes&exWho=12&oges=902|website=Militärhistorische Museum der Bundeswehr Flugplatz Berlin Gatow|access-date=20 October 2016|language=de|date=2 January 2016}}</ref>
* 83+11 – H-21C on static display at the [[Flugausstellung Hermeskeil]] in [[Hermeskeil|Hermeskeil, Rhineland-Palatinate]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Flugzeuge|url=http://www.flugausstellung.de/flugzeuge.html|website=Flugausstellung|access-date=21 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231084758/http://www.flugausstellung.de/flugzeuge.html|archive-date=31 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* 83+17 – XH-21D on static display at the [[Auto & Technik Museum Sinsheim]] in [[Sinsheim|Sinsheim, Baden-Württemberg]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 83+17 Luftwaffe, c/n WG17|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=39168|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
 
===Japan===
* JG-0001 – Model 44A on static display at the [[Bihoro Aviation Park]] in [[Bihoro, Hokkaido]].<ref name="JHS-JGSDF">{{cite web|last1=Thompson|first1=Paul|title=JGSDF – Where Are They Now?|url=http://www.j-hangarspace.jp/jgsdf-where-are-they-now|website=J-Hangar Space|publisher=J-HangarSpace|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* JG-0002 – Model 44A on static display at the [[Tokorozawa Aviation Museum]] in [[Tokorozawa, Saitama]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Experience Exhibits|url=http://tam-web.jsf.or.jp/contxe/modules/tinyd3/index.php?id=2|website=Tokorozawa Aviation Museum|publisher=Tokorozawa Aviation Museum|access-date=21 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314120633/http://tam-web.jsf.or.jp/contxe/modules/tinyd3/index.php?id=2|archive-date=14 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki 44A, s/n 50002 JASDF, c/n 44-20|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=151837|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref><ref name="JHS-JGSDF"/>
* 02-4756 – H-21B on static display at the JASDF Air Park in [[Hamamatsu, Shizuoka]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol CH-21B Work Horse, s/n 02-4756 JASDF, c/n B148|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=151658|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Thompson|first1=Paul|title=JASDF – Where Are They Now?|url=http://www.j-hangarspace.jp/jasdf-where-are-they-now|website=J-HangarSpace|publisher=J-HangarSpace|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
 
===Russia===
* N74056 – Model 44A on static display at [[Central Air Force Museum]] in [[Monino|Monino, Moscow]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki 44C, c/n 44-417, c/r N74056|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=145990|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
 
===Sweden===
* 01001 -– HKP 1 on static display at the [[Swedish Air Force Museum]] in [[Linköping|Linköping, Östergötland]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flygvapenmuseum.se/sv/Foremal--Fakta/Foremal/Flygplan/Utstallda/Flygplan-teknikutveckling/Hkp-1/ |title=Hkp 1 |date=21 April 2010 |website=flygvapenmuseum.se |publisher=Statens Försvarshistoriska museeer |location=Linköping |language=sv |access-date=21 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100813031129/http://www.flygvapenmuseum.se/sv/Foremal--Fakta/Foremal/Flygplan/Utstallda/Flygplan-teknikutveckling/Hkp-1 |archive-date=13 August 2010}}</ref>
* 01009 -– HKP 1 on static display at the Gotland Museum of Defence in [[Tingstäde]], [[Gotland]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://digitaltmuseum.org/021027327417/helikopter?aq=topic:%22Helikopter%22&i=11 |title=Helikopter -– Gotlands Försvarsmuseum |date=18 October 2017 |website=digitaltmuseum.org |location=Tingstäde |publisher=Gotlands Forsvarsmuseum |language=sv |access-date=27 July 2020|archive-url= https://archive.today/20200727143433/https://digitaltmuseum.org/021027327417/helikopter?aq=topic:%22Helikopter%22&i=11|archive-date= 27 July 2020|url-status= live}}</ref>
 
===United States===
;Airworthy
* 54-4001 – CH-21B airworthy at the [[Classic Rotors Museum]] in [[Ramona, California]]. This is the last H-21 still flown.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vertol H-21 Shawnee/Work Horse|url=http://www.rotors.org/h21/21.htm|website=Classic Rotors|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184235/http://www.rotors.org/h21/21.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FAA REGISTRY [N64606]|url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N64606|website=Federal Aviation Administration|publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=29 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229091551/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N64606|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
;Static Display
[[File:JGSDF V-44A.JPG|thumb|right|Model 44A with the [[JGSDF]] at [[Bihoro Aviation Park]], August 2009]]
* 51-15857 – CH-21B on static display at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] at [[Wright-Patterson AFB]] in [[Dayton, Ohio]]. It was obtained from [[Eglin Air Force Base]] in January 1965.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vertol CH-21B Workhorse|url=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/MuseumExhibits/FactSheets/Display/tabid/509/Article/198068/vertol-ch-21b-workhorse.aspx|website=National Museum of the US Air Force|access-date=20 October 2016|date=29 May 2015}}</ref>
* 51-15859 – CH-21B on static display at [[Battleship Memorial Park]] in [[Mobile, Alabama]].<ref>{{cite web|title=AIRCRAFT COLLECTION|url=http://www.ussalabama.com/uss-aircraft-collection|website=Battleship Memorial Park|publisher=USS ALABAMA|access-date=20 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728133844/http://www.ussalabama.com/uss-aircraft-collection|archive-date=28 July 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol CH-21B Work Horse, s/n 51-15859 USAF, c/n B.6|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=83854|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 51-15886 – CH-21C on static display at the [[Aerospace Museum of California]] at [[McClellan Airport]] (former [[McClellan AFB]]) in [[McClellan, California]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki CH-21C Shawnee, s/n 51-15886 US, c/r N48082|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=35818|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 51-15892 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Quonset Air Museum]] at the former [[Naval Air Station Quonset Point]] in [[North Kingstown, Rhode Island]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Carroll|first1=Sean|title=[Untitled]|url=http://www.geocities.ws/scc261/892_1.html|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 52-8676 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum]] near [[Offutt AFB]] in [[Ashland, Nebraska]].<ref>{{cite web|title=CH-21B "Work Horse"|url=http://sacmuseum.org/what-to-see/aircraft/ch-21b-work-horse|website=Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum|publisher=Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 52-8685 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Museum of Aviation (Warner Robins)|Museum of Aviation]] at [[Robins AFB]] near [[Warner Robins, Georgia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=CH-21B "Workhorse"|url=http://www.museumofaviation.net/?artwork=ch-21b-workhorse|website=Museum of Aviation|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 52-8688 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Travis Air Force Base Heritage Center]] near [[Fairfield, California]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol H-21B Work Horse, s/n 52-8688 USAF, c/r N6795|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=12811|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 52-8691/52-8706 – CH-21B on static display at [[Kirtland Air Force Base]] in [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]]. This airframe is a composite of two different airframes and is painted as 53-4343.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki UH-21B Work Horse, s/n 52-8691 USAF|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=50745|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 52-8696 – CH-21B on static display at [[Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson]] near [[Anchorage, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Heritage Park Tour Briefing|url=http://www.matsuk12.us/cms/lib/AK01000953/Centricity/Domain/3581/Heritage%20Park%20Information.pdf|website=Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District|access-date=21 October 2016|date=May 2007}}</ref>
* 53-4323 – HH-21B on static display at Berryman War Memorial Park in [[Bridgeport, Washington]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 53-4323 USAF, c/n B.73, c/r N6793|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=278|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4324 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Vintage Flying Museum]] in [[Fort Worth, Texas]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Piasecki CH-21B Workhorse|url=http://vintageflyingmuseum.org/on-display/piasecki-ch-21b-workhorse|website=Vintage Flying Museum|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref> This airframe was previously on display at the Pate Museum of Transportation in [[Cresson, Texas]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki CH-21B Work Horse, s/n 53-4324 USAF, c/n B74|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=28550|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4326 – CH-21B on static display at the [[March Field Air Museum]] at [[March Air Reserve Base]] (former [[March AFB]]) in [[Riverside, California]].<ref>{{cite web|title=H-21 Workhorse|url=http://www.marchfield.org/aircraft/helicopter/h-21b-workhorse-piasecki|website=March Field Air Museum|publisheraccess-date=March20 Field AirOctober Museum2016|accessarchive-date=2021 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021131424/http://www.marchfield.org/aircraft/helicopter/h-21b-workhorse-piasecki/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 53-4347 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum]] in [[Pueblo, Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Actual Aircraft Aircraft on Display in Pueblo|url=http://www.pwam.org/aircraftdisplay1.html|website=Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum|access-date=20 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225043629/http://www.pwam.org/aircraftdisplay1.html|archive-date=25 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aircraft 53-4347 Data|url=http://www.airport-data.com/aircraft/53-4347.html|website=Airport-Data.com|publisher=Airport-Data.com|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4354 – CH-21C on static display at the [[Arkansas Air & Military Museum]] in [[Fayetteville, Arkansas]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 53-4354 USAF|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=1875|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4362 – SH-21B on static display at the Alaska Museum of Transportation and Industry in [[Wasilla, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 53-4362|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=13024|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4366 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Museum of Flight]] in [[Seattle]], Washington]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Piasecki H-21B (CH-21B) Workhorse|url=http://www.museumofflight.org/aircraft/piasecki-h-21b-ch-21b-workhorse|website=The Museum of Flight|publisher=The Museum of Flight|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4367 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Mid-Atlantic Air Museum]], [[Reading, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Aircraft of the Mid-Atlantic Air Museum|url=http://www.maam.org/aircraft.htm|website=Mid-Atlantic Air Museum|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=7 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607004015/http://www.maam.org/aircraft.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 53-4369 – CH-21B on static display at the [[United States Army Aviation Museum]] near [[Fort RuckerNovosel]] in [[Daleville, Alabama]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki HH-21B Work Horse, s/n 53-4369 US, c/r N109RB|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=16983|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4389 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Pima Air & Space Museum]] adjacent to [[Davis-Monthan AFB]] in [[Tucson, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol CH-21B Work Horse, s/n 53-4389 USAF, c/n B.139|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=57786|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 54-4404 – CH-21B on static display at the [[Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum]] in [[Anchorage, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki H-21B Work Horse, s/n 54-4004 USAF|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=9489|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 55-4140 – CH-21C on static display at the American Helicopter Museum & Education Center in West Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite web|title=Piasecki H-21 / CH 21B Workhorse|url=http://americanhelicopter.museum/aircraft/piasecki-h-21-ch-21b-workhorse|website=American Helicopter Museum & Education Center|publisher=American Helicopter Museum & Education Center|access-date=21 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021070924/http://americanhelicopter.museum/aircraft/piasecki-h-21-ch-21b-workhorse|archive-date=21 October 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> This airframe was previously on display at the [[Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum]] in [[New York, New York]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki CH-21C Shawnee, s/n 55-4140 US, c/n C.94|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=60105|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 55-4218 – CH-21C on static display at the [[Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum]] in [[McMinnville, Oregon]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Helicopters|url=http://www.evergreenmuseum.org/helicopters|website=Evergreen Museum Campus|publisher=Evergreen Museum|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=31 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531024716/http://www.evergreenmuseum.org/helicopters|url-status=dead}}</ref> This airframe was previously on display at the [[Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum]] at the former [[Lowry AFB]] in [[Denver]], Colorado]]. It is painted as 53-4379.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 55-4218 US Army|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=35837|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref>
* 56-2040 – CH-21C on static display at the United States Army Aviation Museum at Fort RuckerNovosel, near Daleville, Alabama.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki CH-21C Shawnee, s/n 56-2040 US, c/n C.202|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=12560|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 56-2077 – CH-21C on static display at the [[U.S. Army Transportation Museum]] ay [[Fort Eustis]] near [[Newport News, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki CH-21C Shawnee, s/n 56-2077 US, c/n C.239|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=6397|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
[[File:Musée défense aérienne - Vertol H-21B.jpg|thumb|right|CH-21 in [[RCAF]] markings at the [[Canadian Museum of Flight]] ]]
* 56-2142 – CH-21C on static display at the [[Hill Aerospace Museum]] at [[Hill AFB]] near [[Ogden, Utah]]. This airframe is painted as 54-4002.<ref>{{cite web|title=CH-21C "Workhorse"|url=http://www.hill.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/397285/ch-21c-workhorse|website=Hill Air Force Base|access-date=20 October 2016|date=27 September 2007|archive-date=19 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019071405/http://www.hill.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/397285/ch-21c-workhorse|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 56-2159 – CH-21C on static display at the [[Pima Air & Space Museum]] adjacent to [[Davis-Monthan AFB]] in [[Tucson, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite web|title=WORKHORSE|url=http://www.pimaair.org/aircraft-by-name/item/piasecki-vertol-ch-21c-workhorse|website=Pima Air & Space Museum|publisher=Pimaair.org|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021064504/http://www.pimaair.org/aircraft-by-name/item/piasecki-vertol-ch-21c-workhorse|url-status=dead}}</ref>
;Stored or under restoration
* 52-8623 – CH-21B in storage at the [[Air Force Flight Test Museum]] at [[Edwards AFB]] in [[Edwards, California]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Aircraft Inventory|url=http://afftcmuseum.org/exhibits/museum-aircraft-exhibits|website=Flight Test Historical Foundation|publisher=Flight Test Historical Foundation|access-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019025925/http://afftcmuseum.org/exhibits/museum-aircraft-exhibits/|archive-date=19 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 52-8683 – H-21B in storage with [[Basler Turbo Conversions]] in [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki H-21B Work Horse, s/n 52-8683 USAF, c/n B.45, c/r N57968|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=37883|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 53-4329 – CH-21B under restoration at the [[Museum of Flight]] Restoration Center at [[Paine Field]] in [[Everett, Washington]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– PiaseckiH-21, s/n 53-4329 USAF, c/r N6794|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=30613|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* 54-4003 – CH-21B in storage at the [[American Helicopter Museum & Education Center]] in [[West Chester, Pennsylvania]]. This airframe was previously on display at the [[Florence Air & Missile Museum]] in [[Florence, South Carolina]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki-Vertol H-21B Work Horse, s/n FR09 AdT, c/n B.155|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=65218|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
* c/n 438 – Model 44B in storage in unrestored condition at the [[Gillespie Field#San Diego Air & Space Museum Gillespie Field Annex|Gillespie Field Annex]] of the [[San Diego Air & Space Museum]] in [[El Cajon, California]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Airframe Dossier -– Piasecki 44B, c/r N74058|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=11598|website=Aerial Visuals|publisher=AerialVisuals.ca|access-date=17 November 2016}}</ref>
 
==Specifications (CH-21C)==
Line 195 ⟶ 198:
 
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=U.S. Army Aircraft Since 1947 <ref name="Harding p262">Harding 1990, p.262.</ref>
|prime units?=imp
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* '''Blade section:''' -– [[NACA airfoil|NACA 0012]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
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Performance
Line 284 ⟶ 287:
 
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
* Arkell, Basil. [https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1957/1957%20-%200838.html "Helicopters in Contrast: (2) Flying the American Vertol 44"]. ''Flight'', Vol. 71, No. 2526. pp.&nbsp;844–846.
* Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1952–53''. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd., 1952.
Line 305 ⟶ 308:
 
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[[Category:Piasecki Helicopter aircraft|H-021]]
[[Category:1950s United States military transport aircraft]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piasecki_H-21"