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{{Infobox settlement
|name = Bachu (Maralwexi)Maralbexi County
|native_name = {{native name list|tag1=ug-Arab|name1=مارالبېشى ناھىيىسى<br> |tag2=zh-hans|name2=巴楚县}}
|other_name = Bachu; Maralbashi; Maralbeshi; Pachu
|pushpin_label_position = right
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within China
|pushpin_mapsize = 275
|seat_type = City seat
|settlement_type = [[County (People's Republic of China)|County]]
|image_skyline = File:Bachu Railway Station.jpg
| image_caption =[[:zh:巴楚站|Railway station]]
|image_map = Location of Maralbexi within Xinjiang (China).png
|map_caption = Location of the county (red) within Kashgar Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
|pushpin_map = China Xinjiang Southern#China Xinjiang#China
|pushpin_label = Maralbexi
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
|pushpin_relief = Y
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat in Xinjiang
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = [[People's Republic of China|China]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[ProvinceAutonomous regions of China|ProvinceAutonomous region]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Xinjiang]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisionsPrefectures of the People's Republic of China#Prefecture level|Prefecture-level divisions]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Kashgar Prefecture|Kashgar]]
| seat_type = County seat
|area_total_km2 =
| seat = [[Maralbeshi]]
|population =
|area_total_km2 = 18490.59
|population_as_of =
|area_footnotes = <ref name="xzqhmaralbexi"/>
|population_total = 366,141
|population_as_of = 2020
|population_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/xinjiang/admin/ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties]</ref>
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = [[List of ethnic groups in China|Ethnic groups]]
|latNS =
| demographics2_title1 = Major ethnic groups
|latd =
| demographics2_info1 = [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]]<ref name="govmaralbexi">{{cite web|url=http://bachu.gov.cn/zjbc/bcgk/2014-11-18-471.html|script-title=zh:巴楚县概况|language=zh-hans|date=8 December 2019|access-date=25 February 2020|script-website=zh:巴楚县人民政府网 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|巴楚县辖8乡4镇1个良种繁育场，229个村（社区），总人口38.51万人，其中农村户籍人口29.91万人，有汉族、维吾尔族、回族、哈萨克族等31个民族，维吾尔族占95.13%。}}}}</ref><ref name="1997govmaralbexi">{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/21292.html|script-title=zh:1997年巴楚县行政区划|trans-title=1997 Maralbexi County Administrative Divisions|date=18 January 2011|access-date=4 April 2020|website=XZQH.org|quote={{lang|zh-hans|喀什地区辖县。位于喀什地区东部。面积21741.8平方千米，人口33.1万，有维吾尔、汉、 回等民族，其中维吾尔族占83.03％，汉族占16.4％，<!--This figure likely includes [[Tumxuk]].-->辖4镇8乡。}}}}</ref>
|latm =
|coordinates = {{Coord|39|46|43|N|78|34|30|E|source:trwiki_region:CN-65_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}
|lats =
|longEW =
|longd =
|longm =
|longs =
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_m =
|postal_code_type =[[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
|timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
|postal_code =843800
|timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]{{efn|Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe [[UTC+6]] ([[Xinjiang Time]]), 2 hours behind Beijing.}}
|utc_offset = +8
|website = {{URL|bachu.gov.cn}} {{in lang|zh-hans}}
|website =
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|ibox-order=stug, zh
|uig=مارالبېشى ناھىيىسى
|uyy=Maralbexi nah̡iyisi
|usy=Маралбеши наһийиси
|sgs=Maralbexi Nahiyisi
|title=MaralbishiMaralbexi County
|s={{linktext|巴楚|县}}
|t={{linktext|巴楚|縣}}
|p=Bāchǔ Xiàn
|s2=巴尔楚克县
|t2=巴爾楚克縣
|p2=Bā'ěrchǔkè Xiàn
|s3=玛热勒巴什县
|t3=瑪熱勒巴什縣
|p3=Mǎrèlēibāshí Xiàn
|mi={{IPAc-cmn|b|a|1|ch|u|3|-|x|ian|4}}
|w=Pa<sup>1</sup>-ch'u<sup>3</sup> Hsien4
}}
'''Maralbexi County'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com//english/2017-03/05/c_136104602.htm|title=Xinjiang finishes first round of universal health checks|date=5 March 2017|access-date=23 February 2020|editor=Zhang Dongmiao|website=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|quote=Thanks to the first universal health check in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Mtailipu Rosuli, 65, a Uygur man in Bachu (Maralbexi) County, had his first health examination of his life.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang/china-says-detains-19-seizes-weapons-after-xinjiang-unrest-idUSBRE93T02S20130430|title=China says detains 19, seizes weapons after Xinjiang unrest|date=30 April 2013|access-date=23 February 2020|author= Ben Blanchard|editor=Stephen Coates|website=[[Reuters]]|quote=The government has labeled the violence in Kashgar's Maralbexi county as a "terrorist attack", though the exiled World Uyghur Congress has said the shooting and killing of a young Uighur by "Chinese armed personnel" prompted the Uighurs to retaliate.}}</ref> ('''Maralbeshi''',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/pork-11222019161208.html|title=Xinjiang Authorities Undermine Muslim Abstention From Pork in Bid to Assimilate Uyghurs|date=22 November 2019|access-date=23 February 2020|author=Joshua Lipes|translator=Elise Anderson|website=[[Radio Free Asia]]|quote=In October 2018, a photo was posted online by the government of Kashgar (in Chinese, Kashi) prefecture's Maralbeshi (Bachu) county, which portrayed a Uyghur village head eating a piece of pork and calling on other Uyghurs to join him. The photo was taken down shortly after publishing.<br />RFA recently spoke with a village head in Maralbeshi who confirmed that the photo was real, and that local authorities are teaching people to eat pork as well.}}</ref> '''Maralbishi''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kashi.gov.cn/english/Tourism/index.htm|title=Kashgar Tourism|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822003336/http://www.kashi.gov.cn:80/english/Tourism/index.htm|archive-date=22 August 2012|via=[[Internet Archive]]|quote=Maralbishi County|access-date=6 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJsrDwAAQBAJ|script-title=zh:建筑抗震设计规范|trans-title=GB50011-2010: Code for Seismic Design of Buildings |language=en,zh-hans|author=[[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development]]|date=2010|publisher=China Architecture & Building Press|location=[[Beijing]]|via=[[Google Books]]|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJsrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA203&lpg=PA203 203]|quote={{sic|Marabishi|expected=Maralbishi}} County}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsweekpakistan.com/project-beauty-unveils-chinas-ugly-side/|title=Project Beauty Unveils China's Ugly Side|date=25 November 2013|access-date=7 April 2020|website=[[Newsweek Pakistan]]|quote=But they also argue that some officials' aggressive approach sparked resentment and violence, including an April attack by Uighurs on police in Maralbishi outside Kashgar that left 21 people dead. Beijing blamed "terrorists" who "regularly watched video clips advocating religious extremism."}}</ref> [[SASM/GNC romanization#Uyghur|transliterated from]] {{ug|مارالبېشى ناھىيىسى}}; {{zh|c=玛热勒巴什县}}), '''Bachu County''' ({{zh|c=巴楚县}}), and {{zh|c=巴尔楚克县}}) the former long Chinese name as well, is located in the southwest of the [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]], [[China]]. The county is under the administration of the [[Kashgar Prefecture]]. It has an area of {{convert|18491|km2|abbr=on}}, and surrounds, but does not administer, the [[sub-prefecture-level city]] of [[Tumxuk]]. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 380,000.
 
==History==
'''Bachu (Maralwexi) County''' or '''Maralbexi County''' is located in the [[Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]] of the [[People's Republic of China]] and is under the administration of the [[Kashgar Prefecture]]. It contains an area of 118,360&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 380,000.
In 1913, Maralbexi County was established.<ref name="xzqhmaralbexi"/><ref name="cihai"/>
 
In September 1937, two regiments of Soviet Kirghiz troops and one regiment of Russian troops equipped with forty airplanes and twenty tanks entered Sinkiang from Atushe and attacked Maralbexi, dividing [[Ma Hushan]]'s 36th Corps into two sections.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/sovietpoliticale00hasi_0/|title=Soviet Political, Economic, and Military Involvement in Sinkiang from 1928 to 1949|date=1987|author=Arthur C. Hasiotis Jr. |publisher=[[Garland Publishing]]|isbn=0-8240-8055-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sovietpoliticale00hasi_0/page/102 102]-[https://archive.org/details/sovietpoliticale00hasi_0/page/103 103]}}</ref>
==Geography==
{{Weather box
|location = Maralbexi County (1971−2000)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|collapsed =
|Jan high C = 0.9
|Feb high C = 6.4
|Mar high C = 14.6
|Apr high C = 23.8
|May high C = 28.6
|Jun high C = 32.1
|Jul high C = 33.8
|Aug high C = 32.3
|Sep high C = 27.9
|Oct high C = 20.8
|Nov high C = 11.0
|Dec high C = 2.4
 
In February 2002, a 6.7 magnitude earthquake killed 267 people in Maralbexi County and [[Payzawat County]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/uyghurreader00turs/|title=Uyghur Reader|author=Nabijan Tursun|year=2007|publisher=Dunwoody Press|isbn=978-1-931546-42-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/uyghurreader00turs/page/n167/ 141]}}</ref>
|Jan low C = −12.2
|Feb low C = -7.4
|Mar low C = 1.4
|Apr low C = 9.0
|May low C = 14.0
|Jun low C = 17.4
|Jul low C = 19.5
|Aug low C = 18.5
|Sep low C = 13.1
|Oct low C = 4.8
|Nov low C = -3.4
|Dec low C = −10.1
|year high C= 19.6 |year low C= 5.4
|year high F =67.2 |year low F = 41.7
|precipitation colour =
|Jan precipitation mm = 0.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 1.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 2.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 2.9
|May precipitation mm = 7.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 13.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 13.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 11.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 4.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 2.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 0.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 0.7
|year precipitation mm= 61.0
|Jan humidity = 61
|Feb humidity = 50
|Mar humidity = 41
|Apr humidity = 33
|May humidity = 36
|Jun humidity = 39
|Jul humidity = 43
|Aug humidity = 47
|Sep humidity = 49
|Oct humidity = 51
|Nov humidity = 56
|Dec humidity = 65
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 1.0
|Feb precipitation days = 1.1
|Mar precipitation days = 0.8
|Apr precipitation days = 0.8
|May precipitation days = 2.6
|Jun precipitation days = 4.7
|Jul precipitation days = 5.5
|Aug precipitation days = 4.1
|Sep precipitation days = 2.3
|Oct precipitation days = 0.8
|Nov precipitation days = 0.2
|Dec precipitation days = 0.9
 
On February 24, 2003, the [[2003 Bachu earthquake]] occurred.
|Jan sun = 180.6 |Jan percentsun = 61
|Feb sun = 177.8 |Feb percentsun = 59
|Mar sun = 194.5 |Mar percentsun = 53
|Apr sun = 229.3 |Apr percentsun = 58
|May sun = 267.5 |May percentsun = 61
|Jun sun = 301.7 |Jun percentsun = 68
|Jul sun = 308.1 |Jul percentsun = 68
|Aug sun = 285.4 |Aug percentsun = 67
|Sep sun = 265.4 |Sep percentsun = 71
|Oct sun = 258.1 |Oct percentsun = 75
|Nov sun = 212.8 |Nov percentsun = 71
|Dec sun = 177.8 |Dec percentsun = 61
 
In April 2013, twenty-one died in an incident in [[Seriqbuya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/maralbeshi-04242013190839.html|title=Xinjiang Violence Leaves 21 Dead|date=24 April 2013|access-date=25 February 2020|website=[[Radio Free Asia]] |author=Luisetta Mudie |author2=Parameswaran Ponnudurai}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/wp-content/uploads/April-2013-Maralbeshi-Incident.pdf|title=Overview of the Maralbeshi Incident on 23 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823103257/https://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/wp-content/uploads/April-2013-Maralbeshi-Incident.pdf|archive-date=23 August 2016|website=[[World Uyghur Congress]]|date=May 2013}}</ref>
|source 1 = [http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 China Meteorological Administration]
 
}}
In October 2014, twenty-two died in an incident at a farmer's market in the county.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/attack-10182014194433.html|title=22 Killed in Farmers' Market Attack in Xinjiang's Kashgar Prefecture|date=18 October 2014|access-date=25 February 2020|website=[[Radio Free Asia]]|translator=Shohret Hoshur |author=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |author2=Parameswaran Ponnudurai}}</ref>
 
According to her husband, in May-June 2017, Mailikemu Maimati / Malika Mamiti, in her 30s, native of the county and wife of businessman Mirza Imran Baig of Pakistan, in his 40s, was detained in the county's [[Xinjiang re-education camps|re-education camp]]. After her release, she and their young son were not given their passports by Chinese authorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-pakistan/chinas-big-mistake-pakistanis-lobby-to-free-wives-trapped-in-xinjiang-idUSKCN1M51R7|title='China's big mistake': Pakistanis lobby to free wives trapped in Xinjiang|date=25 September 2018|access-date=7 April 2020|website=[[Reuters]]|quote=Mirza Imran Baig, 40, who trades between his home city of Lahore and Urumqui, the Xinjiang regional capital, said his wife was detained in a "re-education" camp in her native Bachu county for two months in May and June 2017 and had been unable to leave her hometown since her release. |author=Christian Shepherd |author2=Philip Wen}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Linette Lopez |author-link=Linette Lopez |date=15 December 2019 |title=China's next gambit to save its economy will export dystopia worldwide |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/china-economic-boost-surveillance-technology-uighurs-xinjiang-2019-12 |access-date=7 April 2020 |website=[[Business Insider]] |quote=Pakistani businessman Mirza Imran Baig shows a picture with his Uighur wife, Malika Mamiti, outside the Pakistani embassy in Beijing. Mamiti, was sent to a political-indoctrination camp after returning to China's far west Xinjiang region in May 2017, Baig said. Scores of Pakistani men whose Muslim Uighur wives have disappeared into internment camps in China feel helpless, fighting a wall of silence as they struggle to reunite their families.}}</ref>
 
==Administrative divisions==
Maralbexi County includes 4 [[Town (China)|towns]] ({{lang|ug|بازىرى}} / 镇), 8 [[Township (China)|townships]] ({{lang|ug|يېزىسى}} / 乡):<ref name="xzqhmaralbexi">{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/21294.html|script-title=zh:巴楚县历史沿革|website=XZQH.org|date=14 November 2014|access-date=25 February 2020|quote={{lang|zh-hans|2000年第五次人口普查，巴楚县常住总人口375883人，{...}2003年，巴楚县总面积18490.59平方千米，{...}2010年第六次人口普查，巴楚县常住总人口336274人，其中：巴楚镇47704人，色力布亚镇44642人，阿瓦提镇22232人，三岔口镇737人，恰尔巴格乡27816人，多来提巴格乡28158人，阿纳库勒乡26408人，夏马勒乡10174人，阿克萨克玛热勒乡30858人，阿拉根乡29412人，琼库恰克乡37197人，英吾斯坦乡24480人，兵团四十八团6456人。}}}}</ref><ref name="govmaralbexi"/><ref name="statsmaralbexi">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/65/31/653130.html |script-title=zh:2018年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：巴楚县 |language=zh-hans |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |date=2018 |access-date=23 February 2020 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 名称 653130100000 巴楚镇 653130101000 色力布亚镇 653130102000 阿瓦提镇 653130103000 三岔口镇 653130200000 恰尔巴格乡 653130201000 多来提巴格乡 653130202000 阿纳库勒乡 653130203000 夏马勒乡 653130204000 阿克萨克玛热勒乡 653130205000 阿拉根乡 653130206000 琼库恰克乡 653130207000 英吾斯坦乡 653130508000 兵团四十八团|}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bachu.gov.cn/zjbc/bcgk/2014-11-19-472.html|script-title=zh:行政区划|language=zh-hans|date=24 December 2019|access-date=23 February 2020|quote={{lang|zh-hans|巴楚县辖4个镇、8个乡：巴楚镇、色力布亚镇、阿瓦提镇、三岔口镇、恰尔巴格乡、多来提巴格乡、阿纳库勒乡、夏马勒乡、阿克萨克马热勒乡、阿拉格尔乡、琼库尔恰克乡、英吾斯塘乡。}}|script-website=zh:巴楚县人民政府网}}</ref><ref name="xie">{{cite book|script-title=zh:地名中的新疆|language=zh-hans|date=2003|isbn=7-228-08004-1|author=Xie Yuzhong 解玉忠|location=[[Ürümqi]]|publisher=[[:zh:新疆人民出版社|新疆人民出版社]]|pages=230–233}}</ref>
 
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center" style="width:50%; border="1"
|-
! Name
! Simplified Chinese
! Hanyu Pinyin
! [[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] ([[Uyghur Arabic script|UEY]])
! Uyghur Latin ([[Uyghur Latin alphabet|ULY]])
! [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Administrative division code]]
|-
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Towns'''
|----------
| [[Maralbeshi|Maralbeshi Town]]<br />(Bachu Town)
| {{lang|zh-hans|巴楚镇}}
| {{transl|zh|Bāchǔ Zhèn}}
| {{lang|ug|مارالبېشى بازىرى}}
| {{transl|ug|maralbëshi baziri}}
| 653130100
|-
| [[Seriqbuya|Seriqbuya Town]]<br />(Selibuya Town)
| {{lang|zh-hans|色力布亚镇}}
| {{transl|zh|Sèlìbùyǎ Zhèn}}
| {{lang|ug|سېرىقبۇيا بازىرى}}
| {{transl|ug|sëriqbuya baziri}}
| 653130101
|-
| [[Awat, Maralbexi County|Awat Town]]<br />(Awati Town)
| {{lang|zh-hans|阿瓦提镇}}
| {{transl|zh|Āwǎtí Zhèn}}
| {{lang|ug|ئاۋات بازىرى}}
| {{transl|ug|Awat baziri}}
| 653130102
|-
| [[Achal|Achal Town]]<br />(Sanchakou Town)
| {{lang|zh-hans|三岔口镇}}
| {{transl|zh|Sānchàkǒu Zhèn}}
| {{lang|ug|ئاچال بازىرى}}
| {{transl|ug|Achal baziri}}
| 653130104
|----------
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Townships'''
|----------
| [[Charbagh Township]]<br />(Qia'erbage Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|恰尔巴格乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Qià'ěrbāgé Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|چارباغ يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|charbagh yëzisi}}
| 653130200
|-
| [[Doletbagh Township]]<br />(Duolaitibage Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|多来提巴格乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Duōláitíbāgé Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|دۆلەتباغ يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|döletbagh yëzisi}}
| 653130201
|-
| [[Anarkol Township]]<br />(Anakule Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|阿纳库勒乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Ānàkùlè Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|ئاناركۆل يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|Anarköl yëzisi}}
| 653130202
|-
| [[Shamal Township]]<br />(Xiamale Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|夏玛勒乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Xiàmǎlè Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|شامال يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|shamal yëzisi}}
| 653130203
|-
| [[Aqsaqmaral Township]]<br />(Akesakemarele Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|阿克萨克玛热勒乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Ākèsàkèmǎrèlè Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|ئاقساقمارال يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|Aqsaqmaral yëzisi}}
| 653130204
|-
| [[Alaghir Township]]<br />(Alagen Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|阿拉根乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Ālāgēn Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|ئالاغىر يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|Alaghir yëzisi}}
| 653130205
|-
| [[Chongqurchaq|Chongqurchaq Township]]<br />(Qiongkuqiake Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|琼库恰克乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Qióngkùqiàkè Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|چوڭقۇرچاق يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|chongqurchaq yëzisi}}
| 653130206
|-
| [[Yëngi'östeng, Maralbexi|Yëngi'östeng Township]]<br />(Yingwusitang Township)
| {{lang|zh-hans|英吾斯坦乡}}
| {{transl|zh|Yīngwúsītǎn Xiāng}}
| {{lang|ug|يېڭىئۆستەڭ يېزىسى}}
| {{transl|ug|yëngi'östeng yëzisi}}
| 653130207
|-
|}
 
==Transportation==
Bachu is served by the [[Southern Xinjiang Railway]] and [[G3012 Turpan–Hotan Expressway]].
 
==Economy==
Agricultural products include corn, cotton, wheat and others as well as [[Apocynum venetum|sword-leaf dogbane]]. The central and eastern parts of the county have old [[desert poplar]] forests. Animal herding is prominent and [[rock salt]] and phosphate fertilizer are produced in the county. Industries include food processing, plastics, rug making, electricity and construction.<ref name="cihai">{{cite book|editor1=夏征农|editor2=陈至立|script-title=zh:辞海：第六版彩图本 |trans-title=[[Cihai]] (Sixth Edition in Color) |date=September 2009|location=[[Shanghai]]|publisher=[[Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House]].|isbn=978-7-5326-2859-9| language=zh|page=58}}</ref>
 
{{asof|1885}}, there was about 30,600 acres (202,728 ''[[Mu (unit)|mu]]'') of cultivated land in Maralbexi.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Cultivation Development and Expansion in China's Colonial Realm in Central Asia|author=Herold J. Wiens|journal=[[The Journal of Asian Studies]]|volume=26|issue=1|date=November 1966|page=75|doi=10.2307/2051832 |jstor=2051832|s2cid=162339064 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
 
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|type=China
|percentages = pagr
|2000|375883
|2010|336274
|footnote = <ref name="xzqhmaralbexi"/>
|}}
 
As of 2015, 363,488 of the 382,186 residents of the county were [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]], 17,816 were [[Han Chinese]] and 882 were from other ethnic groups.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |script-title= zh:3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 |language=zh-hans|publisher=Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |date=15 March 2017|access-date=3 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171011101904/http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |archive-date= 11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
{{asof|2019}}, the population of Maralbexi County was 95.13% [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]].<ref name="govmaralbexi"/>
 
As of 1999, 83.12% of the population of Maralbexi (Bachu) County was Uyghur and 16.41% of the population was Han Chinese.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/44961/9780295804057.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|title=Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers|date=2004|isbn=0-295-98390-6|editor=[[Morris Rossabi]]|publisher=[[University of Washington Press]]|page=179}}</ref>
 
==Geography==
===Climate===
 
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Maralbexi, elevation {{convert|1117|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2000)
|Jan record high C = 17.7 |Jan record low C = -21.5
|Feb record high C = 20.6 |Feb record low C = -18.9
|Mar record high C = 27.4 |Mar record low C = -9.1
|Apr record high C = 35.4 |Apr record low C = -2.5
|May record high C = 37.7 |May record low C = 3.0
|Jun record high C = 40.0 |Jun record low C = 6.6
|Jul record high C = 41.5 |Jul record low C = 11.7
|Aug record high C = 42.6 |Aug record low C = 10.3
|Sep record high C = 36.3 |Sep record low C = 4.3
|Oct record high C = 30.0 |Oct record low C = -3.7
|Nov record high C = 23.7 |Nov record low C = -13.2
|Dec record high C = 16.3 |Dec record low C = -22.5
|year high C = |year low C =
|year high F = |year low F =
|Jan high C = 0.4
|Feb high C = 6.9
|Mar high C = 16.2
|Apr high C = 24.4
|May high C = 29.0
|Jun high C = 32.5
|Jul high C = 33.9
|Aug high C = 32.4
|Sep high C = 28.1
|Oct high C = 21.3
|Nov high C = 11.6
|Dec high C = 2.4
|Jan mean C = -6.2
|Feb mean C = 0.1
|Mar mean C = 9.3
|Apr mean C = 17.2
|May mean C = 21.6
|Jun mean C = 24.9
|Jul mean C = 26.3
|Aug mean C = 25.1
|Sep mean C = 20.5
|Oct mean C = 12.7
|Nov mean C = 3.6
|Dec mean C = -4.0
|Jan low C = -11.5
|Feb low C = -6.0
|Mar low C = 2.9
|Apr low C = 10.1
|May low C = 14.7
|Jun low C = 18.1
|Jul low C = 19.7
|Aug low C = 18.8
|Sep low C = 13.8
|Oct low C = 5.7
|Nov low C = -2.6
|Dec low C = -8.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 0.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 1.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 2.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 3.4
|May precipitation mm = 9.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 12.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 19.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 12.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 8.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 2.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 0.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 1.1
|Jan humidity = 64
|Feb humidity = 53
|Mar humidity = 38
|Apr humidity = 31
|May humidity = 35
|Jun humidity = 39
|Jul humidity = 44
|Aug humidity = 48
|Sep humidity = 49
|Oct humidity = 50
|Nov humidity = 55
|Dec humidity = 67
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 1.5
|Feb precipitation days = 1.2
|Mar precipitation days = 0.8
|Apr precipitation days = 1.3
|May precipitation days = 3.2
|Jun precipitation days = 5.0
|Jul precipitation days = 6.6
|Aug precipitation days = 5.0
|Sep precipitation days = 2.7
|Oct precipitation days = 1.0
|Nov precipitation days = 0.4
|Dec precipitation days = 1.4
|year precipitation days =
|Jan sun = 161.3
|Feb sun = 169.6
|Mar sun = 183.3
|Apr sun = 214.9
|May sun = 265.6
|Jun sun = 293.7
|Jul sun = 300.1
|Aug sun = 277.8
|Sep sun = 253.0
|Oct sun = 249.7
|Nov sun = 200.0
|Dec sun = 155.6
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 53
| Feb percentsun = 55
| Mar percentsun = 49
| Apr percentsun = 53
| May percentsun = 59
| Jun percentsun = 66
| Jul percentsun = 67
| Aug percentsun = 67
| Sep percentsun = 69
| Oct percentsun = 74
| Nov percentsun = 68
| Dec percentsun = 54
| year percentsun =
|Jan snow days = 5.0
|Feb snow days = 2.2
|Mar snow days = 0.3
|Apr snow days = 0
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.7
|Dec snow days = 4.5
|year snow days =
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>
|source 2 = Weather China<ref name=WCN>{{cite web|script-title=zh:巴楚城市介绍以及气候背景分析|url=http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101130908.shtml? |website=Weather China|publisher=中国气象局公共气象服务中心|access-date=29 November 2022|language=zh}}</ref>
}}
 
==Notable persons==
* [[He Jing (TV presenter)]]
 
==Historical maps==
Historical English-language maps including Maralbexi:
<gallery mode="packed" heights="160">
File:Txu-oclc-6654394-nj-44-3rd-ed.jpg|Map including Maralbexi (labeled as PA-CH'U (MARAL BASHI)) ([[U.S. Army Topographic Command|USATC]], 1971){{efn|From map: "DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE".}}
File:NJ-44-1 Maral Bashi, China.jpg|Map including Maralbexi (labeled as PA-CH'U (MARAL BASHI)) ([[US Army Topographic Command|ATC]], 1971)
File:Operational Navigation Chart G-7, 6th edition.jpg|From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Maralbexi (labeled as BACHU (PA-CH'U)) ([[Defense Mapping Agency|DMA]], 1980){{efn|From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."}}
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 g-7a.jpg|Map including Maralbexi (labeled as BACHU (PA-CH'U)) ([[Defense Mapping Agency|DMA]], 1984){{efn|From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative"}}
</gallery>
 
==See also==
* [[Yarkand River]]
 
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
{{Wiktionary|Maralbexi|Bachu|Pa-ch'u}}
*[http://www.kashi.gov.cn/English/Citycounty/maralbishi.htm Introduction to Maralbishi County], official website of [[Kashgar Prefecture]] government.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071017081040/http://www.kashi.gov.cn/English/Citycounty/maralbishi.htm Introduction to Maralbishi County], official website of [[Kashgar Prefecture]] government.
 
{{Xinjiang Administrative Divisions}}
{{authority control}}
 
{{Coord|39|46|43|N|78|34|30|E|source:trwiki_region:CN_type:city|display=title}}
 
[[Category:County-level divisions of Xinjiang]]
[[Category:Kashgar Prefecture]]
[[Category:Populated places along the Silk Road]]
 
 
{{Xinjiang-geo-stub}}
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maralbexi_County"