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The [[bolometric luminosity]], summed over all wavelengths, is calculated from integrating the [[spectral energy distribution]] (SED) to be {{solar luminosity|269,000}}, making μ Cephei one of the [[List of most luminous stars|most luminous]] red supergiants in the Milky Way.<ref name=Davies2020/> Its [[effective temperature]] of {{val|3,750|fmt=commas|ul=K}}, determined from colour index relations, implies a radius of {{solar radius|1,259}}.<ref name=josselin/> Other recent publications give similar effective temperatures. Calculation of the luminosity from a visual and infrared colour relation give {{solar luminosity|340,000}} and a corresponding radius of {{solar radius|1,420}}.<ref name=levesqueetal2005/> An estimate made based on its angular diameter and an assumed distance of {{val|2,400|fmt=commas|ul=light years}} gives it a radius of {{solar radius|1,650}},<ref name=kaler>{{cite web|url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/garnet.html |title=Jim Kaler-Garnet star }}</ref> however the angular diameter used later turned out to be the diameter of the molecular layer around the star.<ref name=":0" />
The radius has been estimated to be {{Solar radius|830}} in 2010 based on the star's effective temperature of
A 2019 paper measurement based on the {{val|641|148|144|u=pc}} distance gives the star a lower luminosity below {{solar luminosity|140,000}} and a correspondingly lower radius of {{val|972|228|u={{solar radius}}}}, and as well as a lower temperature of {{val|3,551|136|fmt=commas|u=K}}. These parameters are all consistent with those estimated for Betelgeuse.<ref name="montargès">{{cite journal|last1=Montargès|first1=M.|last2=Homan|first2=W.|last3=Keller|first3=D.|last4=Clementel|first4=N.|last5=Shetye|first5=S.|last6=Decin|first6=L.|last7=Harper|first7=G. M.|last8=Royer|first8=P.|last9=Winters|first9=J. M.|last10=Le Bertre|first10=T.|last11=Richards|first11=A. M. S.|year=2019|title=NOEMA maps the CO J = 2 − 1 environment of the red supergiant μ Cep|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=485|issue=2|pages=2417–2430|arxiv=1903.07129|bibcode=2019MNRAS.485.2417M|doi=10.1093/mnras/stz397|doi-access=free |s2cid=119423161}}</ref>
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