Naturmuseum Senckenberg: Difference between revisions

{{Use dmy dates|date=JanuaryDecember 2023}}

| collections = Dinosaurs, Insects, Birds, Reptils, Mammals, Human evolution, [[Messel pit|Messel Research]]

The '''Naturmuseum Senckenberg''' ('''{{abbr|SMF|Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}''')<ref name="Sabaj-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Sabaj |first=Mark Henry |date=14 October 2020 |title=Codes for Natural History Collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology |journal=Copeia |publisher=American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) |volume=108 |issue=3 |doi=10.1643/asihcodons2020 |issn=0045-8511 |s2cid=225328378|doi-access=free }}</ref> is a museum of [[natural history]], located in [[Frankfurt|Frankfurt am Main]]. It is the second-largest of its kind in Germany. In 2010, almost 517,000 people visited the museum, which is owned by the [[Senckenberg Nature Research Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eiff |first=Doris von |date=3 February 2011 |title=Besucherzahlen im Senckenberg Naturmuseum weiter auf hohem Niveau |url=http://www.idw-online.de/pages/de/news407597 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212160345/http://www.idw-online.de/pages/de/news407597 |archive-date=12 December 2013 |access-date=2 January 2013 |website=Informationsdienst Wissenschaft |publisher=Idw-online.de}}</ref> Senckenberg's slogan is "Worldworld of [[biodiversity]]".<ref>{{Cite webnews |last=Benn |first=Roland |date=16 November 2022 |title=Das Haus der Evolutionäre |url=https://www.zeit.de/entdecken/reisen/merian/senckenbergmuseum-fossilien-forschung-evolution-frankfurt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230210320/https://www.zeit.de/entdecken/reisen/merian/senckenbergmuseum-fossilien-forschung-evolution-frankfurt |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=[[Die Zeit]] |language=de}}</ref> {{asofas of|2019}}, the museum exhibits 18 reconstructed dinosaurs.<ref name="Der Spiegel-2019" />

In 1763, [[Johann Christian Senckenberg]] donated 95,000 [[guilder]]s–his entire fortune–to establish a community hospital and promote scientific projects.<ref name="Deutsche Welle">{{Cite web |title=200 Jahre Senckenberg-Gesellschaft – Naturkunde für Jung und Alt – 22.11.2017 |url=https://www.dw.com/de/200-jahre-senckenberg-gesellschaft-naturkunde-f%C3%BCr-jung-und-alt/g-41425697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230134950/https://www.dw.com/de/200-jahre-senckenberg-gesellschaft-naturkunde-f%C3%BCr-jung-und-alt/g-41425697 |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Internet Archive-2022">{{Cite web |date=14 January 2022 |title=Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main : Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive |url=https://archive.org/details/berichtdersencke4849senc |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Internet Archive}}</ref> Senckenberg died in 1772. In 1817, in Senckenberg's memory, 32 Frankfurt citizens founded the non-profit [[Senckenberg Nature Research Society]], (in German: ''{{langx|de|link=no|Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung''}} (SGN)), which is a member of the [[Leibniz Association]].<ref name="Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung – BMBF-2017">{{Cite web |date=18 August 2017 |title=Senckenberg Gesellschaft feiert 200. Geburtstag |url=https://www.bmbf.de/bmbf/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-200-geburtstag.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102105230/https://www.bmbf.de/bmbf/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-200-geburtstag.html |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung – BMBF |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" /><ref name="Leibniz-Gemeinschaft">{{Cite web |title=Leibniz-Gemeinschaft: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |url=https://www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de/institute/leibniz-institute-alle-listen/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102124454/https://www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de/institute/leibniz-institute-alle-listen/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Leibniz-Gemeinschaft |language=de}}</ref> Soon after, {{ill|Johann Georg Neuburg|de|Johann Georg Neuburg (Mediziner)}} donated his collection of bird and mammal specimens to the society.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021">{{Cite web |date=1 March 2021 |title=Historie |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/de/ueber-uns/historie-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230135628/https://www.senckenberg.de/de/ueber-uns/historie-2/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research}}</ref> The Naturmuseum Senckenberg was founded in 1821, just four years later.{{efn|The museum was opened to the public on 22 November 1821.<ref name="Naumberg-1931" />}}<ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2021">{{Cite web |date=29 September 2021 |title=Museum for Tomorrow 200 Jahre Museum · Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/pressemeldungen/museum-for-tomorrow-200-jahre-museum/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230203754/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/pressemeldungen/museum-for-tomorrow-200-jahre-museum/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}</ref> initiallyInitially located near the [[Eschenheimer Turm]],<ref name="Deutsche Biographie">{{Cite web |title=Senckenberg, Johann Christian |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz80030.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230135547/https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz80030.html |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}</ref> the museum moved to a new building on Senckenberganlage in 1907.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Geschichte der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/historie-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303174532/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/historie-2/ |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=12 April 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |language=de-DE}}</ref> In 1896 a mummified Egyptian child in their collection (inventory number ÄS 18) was the subject of the first mummy X-ray.<ref name=Zesch>{{cite journal | last1=Zesch | first1=Stephanie | last2=Panzer | first2=Stephanie | last3=Rosendahl | first3=Wilfried | last4=Nance | first4=John W | last5=Schönberg | first5=Stefan O | last6=Henzler | first6=Thomas | title=From first to latest imaging technology: Revisiting the first mummy investigated with X-ray in 1896 by using dual-source computed tomography | journal=European Journal of Radiology Open | volume=3 | date=2016 | pmid=27504475 | pmc=4968187 | doi=10.1016/j.ejro.2016.07.002 | pages=172–181}}</ref> During [[World War II]], the building was partly destroyed.{{efn|[[Bombing of Frankfurt am Main in World War II]], on 22 March 1944.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" />}} However, the exhibits had been evacuated before.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" />

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{{asofas of|20212018}}, the museum willhas bebeen expanded to {{convert|10000|m2|ft2|abbr=on}},.{{efn|Architect:Including buildings ''Alte Physik'' (south) and ''Jügelbau'' (north) by architect [[Peter Kulka]].<ref name="Peter Kulka 2018 e726">{{illcite web | title=Senckenberg | website=Peter Kulka | date=11 December 2018 | url=https://www.peterkulka.de/neugestaltung-senckenberg | language=de | access-date=11 December 2023 | archive-date=12 February 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212101742/https://www.peterkulka.de/neugestaltung-senckenberg | url-status=live }}</ref>}}<ref withname="DAM-Preis thef262">{{cite newweb | title=DAM Preis 2020 | website=DAM-Preis | url=https://www.dam-preis.de/de/81/archiv/dam-preis-2020/nominierungen/?action=detail&id=536 | language=de | access-date=11 December 2023 | archive-date=11 December 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211171518/https://www.dam-preis.de/de/81/archiv/dam-preis-2020/nominierungen/?action=detail&id=536 | url-status=live }}</ref> New planned sections: Human, Earth, Cosmos, Future.<ref>{{Cite webnews |date=29 April 2021 |title=Das neue Senckenberg: Mehr Platz für die großen Fragen |url=https://www.zeit.de/news/2021-04/29/senckenberg-museums-sanierung-und-erweiterung-kommt-voran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231205335/https://www.zeit.de/news/2021-04/29/senckenberg-museums-sanierung-und-erweiterung-kommt-voran |archive-date=31 December 2022 |access-date=31 December 2022 |website=[[Die Zeit]] |language=de |agency=dpa}}</ref><ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2020-3">{{Cite web |date=16 September 2020 |title=Kickoff into a new era ·– Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/the-new-museum/kickoff-into-a-new-era/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231210339/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/the-new-museum/kickoff-into-a-new-era/ |archive-date=31 December 2022 |access-date=31 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}</ref>

Main attraction is a ''[[Diplodocus]]'' from [[Bone Cabin Quarry]], [[Wyoming]],<ref name="Sachs-2001">{{Cite journal |last=Sachs |first=Sven |date=2001 |title=Diplodocus – Ein Sauropode aus dem Oberen Jura (Morrison-Formation) Nordamerikas |journal=Natur und Museum |volume=131 |pages=133–150}}</ref><ref name="Dinosaurier machen Schule">{{Cite web |title=Dinosaurier machen Schule, 2010 |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/SB_DINO_SCHULE_BEL.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231191253/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/SB_DINO_SCHULE_BEL.pdf |archive-date=31 December 2022 |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> donated by the [[American Museum of Natural History]] on the occasion of the present museum building's inauguration on 13 October 1907,<ref name="Naumberg-1931">{{Cite journal |last=Naumberg |first=Elsie M. B. |year=1931 |title=The Senckenberg Museum, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany |journal=The Auk |publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=379–384 |doi=10.2307/4076482 |issn=0004-8038 |jstor=4076482}}</ref><ref name="Nieuwland-2022">{{Cite web thesis|last=Nieuwland |first=Ilja |date=11 May 20222017 |title=The Colossal Stranger: A Cultural History of Diplodocus carnegii, 1902-1913 |degree=PhD |url=https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/the-colossal-stranger-a-cultural-history-of-diplodocus-carnegii-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133023/https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/the-colossal-stranger-a-cultural-history-of-diplodocus-carnegii-1 |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |websitepublisher=the University of Groningen research portal |typeisbn=dissertation978-90-367-9728-3 }}</ref><ref name="Radgen-2017">{{Cite web |last=Radgen |first=Julia |date=17 January 2017 |title=Senckenberg-Gesellschaft feiert 200 Jahre |url=https://www.op-online.de/region/frankfurt/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-jahre-7299515.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230151706/https://www.op-online.de/region/frankfurt/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-jahre-7299515.html |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=op-online.de |language=de}}</ref> The {{convert|18|m|ft|abbr=on}} mounted skeleton with additions contains bones of three different sauropod genera (''Diplodocus'' and closely related ''[[Apatosaurus]]'' and ''[[Barosaurus]]'').<ref name="Sachs-2001" /><ref name="Nieuwland-2010">{{Cite journal |last=Nieuwland |first=Ilja |year=2010 |title=The colossal stranger. Andrew Carnegie and Diplodocus intrude European Culture, 1904–1912 |journal=Endeavour |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=61–68 |doi=10.1016/j.endeavour.2010.04.001 |issn=0160-9327 |pmid=20537707}}</ref>

{{asofas of|2022}}, a key holding is a fossilized ''[[Psittacosaurus]]'' (specimen SMF R 4970) from [[Liaoning]], China, with clear bristles around its tail and visible fossilized stomach contents.<ref name="Mayr-2002">{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Mayr |firstfirst1=Gerald |last2=Peters |first2=Stefan |last3=Plodowski |first3=Gerhard |last4=Vogel |first4=Olaf |date=1 August 2002 |title=Bristle-like integumentary structures at the tail of the horned dinosaur Psittacosaurus |journal=Naturwissenschaften |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC |volume=89 |issue=8 |pages=361–365 |bibcode=2002NW.....89..361M |doi=10.1007/s00114-002-0339-6 |issn=0028-1042 |pmid=12435037 |s2cid=17781405}}</ref><ref name="Bell-2022">{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Bell |firstfirst1=Phil R. |last2=Hendrickx |first2=Christophe |last3=Pittman |first3=Michael |last4=Kaye |first4=Thomas G. |last5=Mayr |first5=Gerald |date=12 August 2022 |title=The exquisitely preserved integument of Psittacosaurus and the scaly skin of ceratopsian dinosaurs |journal=Communications Biology |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=809 |doi=10.1038/s42003-022-03749-3 |issn=2399-3642 |pmc=9374759 |pmid=35962036}}</ref><ref name="Vinther-2016">{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Vinther |firstfirst1=Jakob |last2=Nicholls |first2=Robert |last3=Lautenschlager |first3=Stephan |last4=Pittman |first4=Michael |last5=Kaye |first5=Thomas G. |last6=Rayfield |first6=Emily |last7=Mayr |first7=Gerald |last8=Cuthill |first8=Innes C. |year=2016 |title=3D Camouflage in an Ornithischian Dinosaur |journal=Current Biology |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=26 |issue=18 |pages=2456–2462 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.065 |issn=0960-9822 |pmc=5049543 |pmid=27641767|bibcode=2016CBio...26.2456V }}</ref> The specimen was first reported in 2002.<ref name="Bell-2022" /><ref name="Greshko 2023 w437">{{cite web | last=Greshko | first=Michael | title=A dinosaur ‘belly'belly button’button'? This 130 million-year-old fossil reveals that—and more | website=Premium | date=11 July 2023 | url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/psittacosaurus-dinosaur-fossil-skin-belly-button | access-date=6 December 2023 | archive-date=23 September 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923132242/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/psittacosaurus-dinosaur-fossil-skin-belly-button | url-status=live }}</ref> The exact date and locality of the discovery within Liaoning is unknown.<ref name="Mayr-2002" /> A controversial debate about the legal ownership arose.<ref name="Mayr-2002" /><ref name="Dalton-2001">{{Cite journal |last=Dalton |first=Rex |year=2001 |title=Wandering Chinese fossil turns up at museum |journal=Nature |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC |volume=414 |issue=6864 |pages=571 |bibcode=2001Natur.414..571D |doi=10.1038/414571a |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=11740516 |s2cid=161099010|doi-access=free }}</ref> In 2021, researchers described its cloaca in more detail and found similarities with the body outlet of birds.<ref name="Vinther-2021">{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Vinther |firstfirst1=Jakob |last2=Nicholls |first2=Robert |last3=Kelly |first3=Diane A. |year=2021 |title=A cloacal opening in a non-avian dinosaur |journal=Current Biology |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=R182–R183 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.12.039 |issn=0960-9822 |pmid=33472049 |s2cid=231644183|doi-access=free |bibcode=2021CBio...31.R182V }}</ref><ref name="Sci.News: Breaking Science News-2021">{{Cite web |date=21 January 2021 |title=Paleontologists Reconstruct Cloacal Opening of Non-Avian Dinosaur - Paleontology |url=https://www.sci.news/paleontology/psittacosaurus-cloacal-opening-09272.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103191024/https://www.sci.news/paleontology/psittacosaurus-cloacal-opening-09272.html |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News}}</ref><ref name="The New York Times-2021">{{Cite web |date=19 January 2021 |title=Finally in 3-D: A Dinosaur's All-Purpose Orifice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/19/science/dinosaur-cloaca-fossil.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103191356/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/19/science/dinosaur-cloaca-fossil.html |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> In 2022, for the first time a belly button was found in a dinosaur fossil.<ref name="Bell-2022" /><ref name="Lamm-2022">{{Cite web |last=Lamm |first=Lisa |last2=Geographic |first2=National |date=5 July 2022 |title=Erstmals Bauchnabel in Dino-Fossil gefunden |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.de/tiere/2022/07/erstmals-bauchnabel-in-dino-fossil-gefunden |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103190550/https://www.nationalgeographic.de/tiere/2022/07/erstmals-bauchnabel-in-dino-fossil-gefunden |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=National Geographic |language=de}}</ref> A physical life reconstruction of the animal was prepared by paleoartist [[Robert Nicholls (artist)|Robert Nicholls]].<ref name="Patalong-2016">{{Cite web |last=Patalong |first=Frank |date=15 September 2016 |title=Forscher rekonstruieren Psittacosaurus |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/forscher-rekonstruieren-psittacosaurus-a-1112428.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103223116/https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/forscher-rekonstruieren-psittacosaurus-a-1112428.html |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=[[Der Spiegel]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Panciroli-2016">{{Cite web |last=Panciroli |first=Elsa |date=14 September 2016 |title=Scientists reveal most accurate depiction of a dinosaur ever created |url=http://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/sep/14/scientists-reveal-most-accurate-depiction-of-a-dinosaur-ever-created |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221220124921/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/sep/14/scientists-reveal-most-accurate-depiction-of-a-dinosaur-ever-created |archive-date=20 December 2022 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

Another originals are an [[Edmontosaurus mummy SMF R 4036|''Edmontosaurus annectens'' mummy]] (specimen SMF R 4036) from [[Lance Formation]], Wyoming.<ref name="Uhl-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Uhl |first=Dieter |date=14 April 2020 |title=A reappraisal of the "stomach" contents of the Edmontosaurus annectens mummy at the Senckenberg Naturmuseum in Frankfurt/Main (Germany) |journal=Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften |publisher=Schweizerbart |volume=171 |issue=1 |pages=71–85 |doi=10.1127/zdgg/2020/0224 |issn=1860-1804 |s2cid=216385262}}</ref><ref name="Glasa-2019">{{Cite web |lastlast1=Glasa |firstfirst1=Stephanie |last2=Geographic |first2=National |last3=Naturmuseum |first3=Senckenberg |date=20 August 2019 |title=Edmontosaurus-Steckbrief: Das Leben der Mumie Edmond |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.de/wissenschaft/2019/08/edmontosaurus-steckbrief-das-leben-der-mumie-edmond |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103193800/https://www.nationalgeographic.de/wissenschaft/2019/08/edmontosaurus-steckbrief-das-leben-der-mumie-edmond |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=National Geographic |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research 2022 x909">{{cite web | title=Die Edmontosaurus-Mumie | website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research | date=7 September 2022 | url=https://www.senckenberg.de/en/magazin/no-1/naturmuseum/die-edmontosaurus-mumie/ | access-date=7 December 2023 | archive-date=25 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325142820/https://www.senckenberg.de/en/magazin/no-1/naturmuseum/die-edmontosaurus-mumie/ | url-status=live }}</ref> and two ''[[Triceratops]]'' skulls.<ref name="Sullivan-2011">{{Cite book |lastlast1=Sullivan |firstfirst1=R.M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fugoCgAAQBAJ |title=Fossil Record 3: Bulletin 53 |last2=Lucas |first2=S.G. |last3=Spielmann |first3=J.A. |publisher=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science |year=2011 |series=Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science |access-date=1 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804083311/https://books.google.com/books?id=fugoCgAAQBAJ |archive-date=4 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Der Spiegel-2019">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2019 |title=Deutschlands beste Dino-Ausstellungen: Senckenberg |url=https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/deutschlands-beste-dino-ausstellungen-senckenberg-fotostrecke-168365.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230152503/https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/deutschlands-beste-dino-ausstellungen-senckenberg-fotostrecke-168365.html |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=[[Der Spiegel]] |language=de}}</ref> The museum bought the three specimen from fossil collector [[Charles Hazelius Sternberg]] and his sons in the early 20th century.<ref>{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Uhl |firstfirst1=Dieter |last2=Havlik |first2=Philipe |year=2021 |title=Edmonds Urzeit |url=https://www.biuz.de/index.php/biuz/article/view/4573 |url-status=live |journal=Biologie in unserer Zeit |language=de |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=238–245 |doi=10.11576/BIUZ-4573 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804083316/https://www.biuz.de/index.php/biuz/article/view/4573 |archive-date=4 August 2023 |access-date=1 January 2023 |quote=Bereits im Jahr davor hatten die Sternbergs in derselben Gegend zwei ''Triceratops''-Schädel entdeckt, die sie später an Senckenberg verkauften. |trans-quote=Already in the year beforehand in the same area, the Sternbergs had discovered two ''Triceratops'' skulls, which they later sold to Senckenberg.}}</ref><ref name="Sternberg-1912">{{Cite journal |last=Sternberg |first=Charles H. |date=23 December 1912 |title=Expeditions to the Miocene of Wyoming and the Chalk Beds of Kansas |journal=Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science |volume=25 |pages=45–49 |doi=10.2307/3624243 |issn=0022-8443 |jstor=3624243}}</ref> The museum also exhibits a cast of a complete ''Triceratops'',<ref name="Der Spiegel-2019" /> the museum's mascot.<ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2020-2">{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=Dinosaurier · Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dauerausstellung/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231203728/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dauerausstellung/ |archive-date=31 December 2022 |access-date=31 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |language=de}}</ref>

Big public attractions also include the casts of ''[[Tyrannosaurus|Tyrannosaurus rex]]''{{efn|Copy of a ''Tyrannosaurus'' located at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.<ref name="Der Spiegel-2019" />}} and ''[[Diplodocus longus]]'' (in front of the museum), an ''[[Iguanodon]]'', the crested [[Hadrosaur]] ''[[Parasaurolophus]]'' and an ''[[Oviraptor]]''.<ref name="Dinosaurier machen Schule" />

*# [[Archaeopteryx lithographica]]

*# [[Brachiosaurus brancai]]

*# [[Compsognathus longipes]]

*# [[Euoplocephalus tutus]]

*# [[Plateosaurus engelhardti]]

*# [[Protoceratops]]

*# [[Sinosauropteryx prima]]

*# [[Stegosaurus stenops]]

*# [[Amargasaurus cazaui]]

*# [[Argentinosaurus huinculensis]]

*# [[Austroraptor cabazai]]

*# [[Carnotaurus sastrei]]

*# [[Eoraptor lunensis]]

*# [[Giganotosaurus carolinii]]

*# [[Kritosaurus australis]]

*# [[Panphagia protos]]

AdditionallyA toliving reconstruction of the displayextinkt collection[[dodo]] and many other stuffed birds are shown in a permanent exhibition in the upper level.<ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2020-4">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2020 |title=Dodo · Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dodo/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102110211/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dodo/ |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}</ref> Additionally, the museum containsowns a large and diverse collection of birds with 90,000 bird skins, 5,050 egg sets, 17,000 skeletons, and 3,375 spirit specimens (a specimen preserved in fluid).<ref name="Natural History Museum">{{Cite web |title=Electronic inventory of European bird collections : The Natural History Museum |url=https://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/zoological-collections/ebeac/details.html?colId=452 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230133318/https://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/zoological-collections/ebeac/details.html?colId=452 |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Natural History Museum}}</ref><ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2019">{{Cite web |date=28 October 2019 |title=FFM Ornithology: Collection |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/en/institutes/senckenberg-research-institute-natural-history-museum-frankfurt/division-terrestrial-zoology/section-ornithology-2/ornithology-collection-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101150421/https://www.senckenberg.de/en/institutes/senckenberg-research-institute-natural-history-museum-frankfurt/division-terrestrial-zoology/section-ornithology-2/ornithology-collection-2/ |archive-date=1 January 2023 |access-date=1 January 2023 |website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research}}</ref> This is 75% of the known bird species, only a minor part is exhibited.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2019" /> A living reconstruction of the extinkt [[dodo]] is shown in a permanent exhibition.<ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2020-4">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2020 |title=Dodo · Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dodo/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102110211/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/ausstellung/dauerausstellungen/dodo/ |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}</ref>

''Anaconda'' is one of the oldest and most popular exhibits.<ref name="hessenschau.de 2023 h205">{{cite web | title="Operation Anakonda" dauert länger: Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt ruft zu Spenden auf | website=hessenschau.de | date=26 April 2023 | url=https://www.hessenschau.de/kultur/operation-anakonda-dauert-laenger-senckenberg-museum-in-frankfurt-ruft-zu-spenden-auf-v1,anakonda-restaurierung-dauert-laenger-100.html | language=de | access-date=8 December 2023 | archive-date=3 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603234609/https://www.hessenschau.de/kultur/operation-anakonda-dauert-laenger-senckenberg-museum-in-frankfurt-ruft-zu-spenden-auf-v1,anakonda-restaurierung-dauert-laenger-100.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Since the remodeling finished in 2003, a new reptile exhibit addresses both the biodiversity of reptiles and [[Amphibian|amphibiansamphibian]]s and the topic of nature conservation.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021-2">{{Cite web |date=18 March 2021 |title=Section Herpetology |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/en/institutes/senckenberg-research-institute-natural-history-museum-frankfurt/division-terrestrial-zoology/section-herpetology/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230133138/https://www.senckenberg.de/en/institutes/senckenberg-research-institute-natural-history-museum-frankfurt/division-terrestrial-zoology/section-herpetology/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research}}</ref>

The museum houses many originals from the nearby [[Messel pit]],<ref name="main-echo.de">{{Cite web |title=Grube Messel und Senckenbergmuseum |url=https://www.main-echo.de/freizeit/kultur/detail/?id=34728&name=grube-messel-und-senckenbergmuseum |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804083219/https://www.main-echo.de/freizeit/kultur/detail/?id=34728&name=grube-messel-und-senckenbergmuseum |archive-date=4 August 2023 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=main-echo.de |language=de}}</ref> Germany's first [[World Heritage Site|UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site]],<ref name="UNESCO World Heritage-2022">{{Cite web |date=22 February 2022 |title=Messel Pit Fossil Site |url=https://worldheritagegermany.com/messel-pit-fossil-site/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103062923/https://worldheritagegermany.com/messel-pit-fossil-site/ |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=UNESCO World Heritage}}</ref> among them a [[Evolution of the Horse|predecessor to the modern horse]] that lived about 50 million years ago and stood less than {{convert|60|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021-3">{{Cite web |date=21 May 2021 |title=25 Jahre UNESCO-Welterbe Grube Messel |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/de/institute/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung-frankfurt-main/abt-messelforschung-und-mammalogie/25-jahre-unesco-welterbe-grube-messel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230132634/https://www.senckenberg.de/de/institute/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung-frankfurt-main/abt-messelforschung-und-mammalogie/25-jahre-unesco-welterbe-grube-messel/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=SENCKENBERG world of biodiversity &#124; Museums &#124; Museum Frankfurt &#124; The Museum &#124; Exhibitions &#124; World natural heritage |url=http://www.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=14925 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924225030/http://www.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=14925 |archive-date=24 September 2017 |access-date=2 January 2013 |publisher=Senckenberg.de}}</ref><ref name="Franzen-2010">{{Cite book |lastlast1=Franzen |firstfirst1=Jens Lorenz |title=The rise of horses : 55 million years of evolution |last2=Brown |first2=Kirsten M. |date=2010 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-9373-5 |publication-place=Baltimore, Md. |oclc=298538023}}</ref> In 2015, researchers found an foal [[fetus]] in the body of the petrified primeval horse mare.<ref name="Franzen-2015">{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Franzen |firstfirst1=Jens Lorenz |author-link=Jens Franzen |last2=Aurich |first2=Christine |last3=Habersetzer |first3=Jörg |date=7 October 2015 |title=Description of a Well Preserved Fetus of the European Eocene Equoid Eurohippus messelensis |journal=PLOS ONE |publisher=Public Library of Science (PLoS) |volume=10 |issue=10 |page=e0137985 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1037985F |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0137985 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=4622040 |pmid=26445456 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Baier-2015">{{Cite web |last=Baier |first=Tina |date=7 October 2015 |title=Urpferd mit Fohlen |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/fossilien-urpferd-mit-fohlen-1.2681117 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102184751/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/fossilien-urpferd-mit-fohlen-1.2681117 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=[[Süddeutsche.de]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Geggel-2014">{{Cite web |last=Geggel |first=Laura |date=7 November 2014 |title=47-Million-Year-Old Pregnant Mare Sheds Light on Ancient Horses |url=https://www.livescience.com/48678-fossil-horse-foal-fetus.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103050024/https://www.livescience.com/48678-fossil-horse-foal-fetus.html |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=livescience.com}}</ref> Also primates, crocodiles, bats, snakes, turtles and other fossils were found at Messel pit.<ref>{{Cite book |lastlast1=Smith |firstfirst1=Krister T. |title=Messel : an ancient greenhouse ecosystem |last2=Schaal |first2=Stephan |last3=Habersetzer |first3=Jörg |last4=Herlyn |first4=Hendrik G. |last5=Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |date=2018 |publisher=Schweizerbart'sche |isbn=978-3-510-61411-0 |publication-place=Stuttgart |oclc=1054359916}}</ref>

* {{Cite book |last=Ziegler |first=Willi |title=Naturmuseum Senckenberg Führer durch d. Ausstellungen |date=1987 |isbn=978-3-7829-1108-5 |publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |publisher=Kramer |language=de |oclc=74831798}}

* {{Cite book |last=Senckenberg. Naturforschende Ges. |first=Frankfurt a. Main |publisher=Kramer |title=Natur-Museum Senckenberg |date=1972 |isbn=978-3-7829-1040-8 |publication-place=Frankfurt (am Main) |language=de |oclc=74134133}}

* {{Cite book |lastlast1=Scholz |firstfirst1=Joachim |title=Briefe an die Lebenden Geschichten aus dem Senckenberg-Museum : verfasst anlässlich des 200-jährigen Jubiläums der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |last2=Afshar |first2=Karin |last3publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |publisher=Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |date=2017 |isbn=978-3-929907-93-3 |publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |language=de |oclc=986511315}}

* {{Cite book |lastlast1=Baumann |firstfirst1=Margret |title=200 Jahre Senckenberg. Die Zeit von 1993–2017 |last2=Bauer |first2=Friederike |last3=Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |last4publication-place=Stuttgart |publisher=E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, |first4=Nägele und Obermiller |date=2020 |isbn=978-3-510-61416-5 |publication-place=Stuttgart |language=de |oclc=1192503441}}

* {{Cite web |lastlast1=Kühl |firstfirst1=Stefan |last2=Müller |first2=Vera |last3=Wolff |first3=Birgitta |title=Museum für Dodo, Dinos und Menschheits-Fragen |url=https://www.forschung-und-lehre.de/zeitfragen/museum-fuer-dodo-dinos-und-menschheits-fragen-3880 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Forschung & Lehre |language=de}}

* {{Cite book |lasteditor-last1=Mosbrugger |firsteditor-first1=Volker |title=Auge in Auge mit der Natur Senckenberg Naturmuseum Frankfurt |editor-last2=Dürr |editor-first2=Sören |editor-last3=Havlik |editor-first3=Philipe |editor-last4=Herkner |editor-first4=Bernd |editor-last5=Moll |editor-first5=Valentina |editor-last6=Neitscher |editor-first6=Eva |editor-last7=Rossmanith |editor-first7=Eva |last8publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |publisher=Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |date=2015 |isbn=978-3-929907-90-2 |publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |language=de |oclc=926153922}}

* {{Cite book |lastlast1=Nigge |firstfirst1=Klaus |title=Vogelwelten : Expeditionen ins Museum |last2=Schulze-Hagen |first2=Karl |last3=Fiebig |first3=Jürgen |last4=Vogel |first4=Johannes |last5publication-place=von demMünchen |publisher=Knesebeck GmbH et Co. Verlag KG |date=2022 |isbn=978-3-95728-410-5 |publication-place=München |language=de |oclc=1350778543}}