Naturmuseum Senckenberg: Difference between revisions

In 1763, [[Johann Christian Senckenberg]] donated 95,000 [[guilder]]s–his entire fortune–to establish a community hospital and promote scientific projects.<ref name="Deutsche Welle">{{Cite web |title=200 Jahre Senckenberg-Gesellschaft – Naturkunde für Jung und Alt – 22.11.2017 |url=https://www.dw.com/de/200-jahre-senckenberg-gesellschaft-naturkunde-f%C3%BCr-jung-und-alt/g-41425697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230134950/https://www.dw.com/de/200-jahre-senckenberg-gesellschaft-naturkunde-f%C3%BCr-jung-und-alt/g-41425697 |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Internet Archive-2022">{{Cite web |date=14 January 2022 |title=Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main : Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive |url=https://archive.org/details/berichtdersencke4849senc |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Internet Archive}}</ref> Senckenberg died in 1772. In 1817, 32 Frankfurt citizens founded the non-profit [[Senckenberg Nature Research Society]], {{lang-langx|de|link=no|Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung}} (SGN), which is a member of the [[Leibniz Association]].<ref name="Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung – BMBF-2017">{{Cite web |date=18 August 2017 |title=Senckenberg Gesellschaft feiert 200. Geburtstag |url=https://www.bmbf.de/bmbf/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-200-geburtstag.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102105230/https://www.bmbf.de/bmbf/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-200-geburtstag.html |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung – BMBF |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" /><ref name="Leibniz-Gemeinschaft">{{Cite web |title=Leibniz-Gemeinschaft: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |url=https://www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de/institute/leibniz-institute-alle-listen/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102124454/https://www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de/institute/leibniz-institute-alle-listen/senckenberg-gesellschaft-fuer-naturforschung |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Leibniz-Gemeinschaft |language=de}}</ref> Soon after, {{ill|Johann Georg Neuburg|de|Johann Georg Neuburg (Mediziner)}} donated his collection of bird and mammal specimens to the society.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021">{{Cite web |date=1 March 2021 |title=Historie |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/de/ueber-uns/historie-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230135628/https://www.senckenberg.de/de/ueber-uns/historie-2/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Society for Nature Research}}</ref> The Naturmuseum Senckenberg was founded in 1821, just four years later.{{efn|The museum was opened to the public on 22 November 1821.<ref name="Naumberg-1931" />}}<ref name="Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt-2021">{{Cite web |date=29 September 2021 |title=Museum for Tomorrow 200 Jahre Museum · Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/pressemeldungen/museum-for-tomorrow-200-jahre-museum/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230203754/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/en/pressemeldungen/museum-for-tomorrow-200-jahre-museum/ |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt}}</ref> Initially located near the [[Eschenheimer Turm]],<ref name="Deutsche Biographie">{{Cite web |title=Senckenberg, Johann Christian |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz80030.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230135547/https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz80030.html |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}</ref> the museum moved to a new building on Senckenberganlage in 1907.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die Geschichte der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/historie-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303174532/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/de/historie-2/ |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=12 April 2022 |website=Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt |language=de-DE}}</ref> In 1896 a mummified Egyptian child in their collection (inventory number ÄS 18) was the subject of the first mummy X-ray.<ref name=Zesch>{{cite journal | last1=Zesch | first1=Stephanie | last2=Panzer | first2=Stephanie | last3=Rosendahl | first3=Wilfried | last4=Nance | first4=John W | last5=Schönberg | first5=Stefan O | last6=Henzler | first6=Thomas | title=From first to latest imaging technology: Revisiting the first mummy investigated with X-ray in 1896 by using dual-source computed tomography | journal=European Journal of Radiology Open | volume=3 | date=2016 | pmid=27504475 | pmc=4968187 | doi=10.1016/j.ejro.2016.07.002 | pages=172–181}}</ref> During [[World War II]], the building was partly destroyed.{{efn|[[Bombing of Frankfurt am Main in World War II]], on 22 March 1944.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" />}} However, the exhibits had been evacuated before.<ref name="Senckenberg Society for Nature Research-2021" />

Main attraction is a ''[[Diplodocus]]'' from [[Bone Cabin Quarry]], [[Wyoming]],<ref name="Sachs-2001">{{Cite journal |last=Sachs |first=Sven |date=2001 |title=Diplodocus – Ein Sauropode aus dem Oberen Jura (Morrison-Formation) Nordamerikas |journal=Natur und Museum |volume=131 |pages=133–150}}</ref><ref name="Dinosaurier machen Schule">{{Cite web |title=Dinosaurier machen Schule, 2010 |url=https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/SB_DINO_SCHULE_BEL.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231191253/https://museumfrankfurt.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/SB_DINO_SCHULE_BEL.pdf |archive-date=31 December 2022 |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> donated by the [[American Museum of Natural History]] on the occasion of the present museum building's inauguration on 13 October 1907,<ref name="Naumberg-1931">{{Cite journal |last=Naumberg |first=Elsie M. B. |year=1931 |title=The Senckenberg Museum, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany |journal=The Auk |publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=379–384 |doi=10.2307/4076482 |issn=0004-8038 |jstor=4076482}}</ref><ref name="Nieuwland-2022">{{Cite book thesis|last=Nieuwland |first=Ilja |date=11 May 20222017 |title=The Colossal Stranger: A Cultural History of Diplodocus carnegii, 1902-1913 |degree=PhD |url=https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/the-colossal-stranger-a-cultural-history-of-diplodocus-carnegii-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133023/https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/the-colossal-stranger-a-cultural-history-of-diplodocus-carnegii-1 |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=3 January 2023 |website=the University of Groningen research portal |publisher=University of Groningen |isbn=978-90-367-9728-3 |type=dissertation}}</ref><ref name="Radgen-2017">{{Cite web |last=Radgen |first=Julia |date=17 January 2017 |title=Senckenberg-Gesellschaft feiert 200 Jahre |url=https://www.op-online.de/region/frankfurt/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-jahre-7299515.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230151706/https://www.op-online.de/region/frankfurt/senckenberg-gesellschaft-feiert-jahre-7299515.html |archive-date=30 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=op-online.de |language=de}}</ref> The {{convert|18|m|ft|abbr=on}} mounted skeleton with additions contains bones of three different sauropod genera (''Diplodocus'' and closely related ''[[Apatosaurus]]'' and ''[[Barosaurus]]'').<ref name="Sachs-2001" /><ref name="Nieuwland-2010">{{Cite journal |last=Nieuwland |first=Ilja |year=2010 |title=The colossal stranger. Andrew Carnegie and Diplodocus intrude European Culture, 1904–1912 |journal=Endeavour |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=61–68 |doi=10.1016/j.endeavour.2010.04.001 |issn=0160-9327 |pmid=20537707}}</ref>

* {{Cite book |lasteditor-last1=Mosbrugger |firsteditor-first1=Volker |title=Auge in Auge mit der Natur Senckenberg Naturmuseum Frankfurt |last1editor-last2=Dürr |first1editor-first2=Sören |last2editor-last3=Havlik |first2editor-first3=Philipe |last3editor-last4=Herkner |first3editor-first4=Bernd |last4editor-last5=Moll |first4editor-first5=Valentina |last5editor-last6=Neitscher |first5editor-first6=Eva |last6editor-last7=Rossmanith |first6editor-first7=Eva |publication-place=Frankfurt am Main |publisher=Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung |date=2015 |isbn=978-3-929907-90-2 |language=de |oclc=926153922}}